Safety of 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 2-(acetylthio)acetateOn March 1, 2020, Townsend, Jakob M.; Sali, Goksel; Homburg, Hannah B.; Cassidy, Nina T.; Sanders, Megan E.; Fung, Kar-Ming; Andrews, Brian T.; Nudo, Randolph J.; Bohnstedt, Bradley N.; Detamore, Michael S. published an article in Acta Biomaterialia. The article was 《Thiolated bone and tendon tissue particles covalently bound in hydrogels for in vivo calvarial bone regeneration》. The article mentions the following:
Bone regeneration of large cranial defects, potentially including traumatic brain injury (TBI) treatment, presents a major problem with non-crosslinking, clin. available products due to material migration outside the defect. Com. products such as bone cements are permanent and thus not conducive to bone regeneration, and typical com. bioactive materials for bone regeneration do not crosslink. Our previous work demonstrated that non-crosslinking materials may be prone to material migration following surgical placement, and the current study attempted to address these problems by introducing a new hydrogel system where tissue particles are themselves the crosslinker. Specifically, a pentenoate-modified hyaluronic acid (PHA) polymer was covalently linked to thiolated tissue particles of demineralized bone matrix (TDBM) or devitalized tendon (TDVT), thereby forming an interconnected hydrogel matrix for calvarial bone regeneration. All hydrogel precursor solutions exhibited sufficient yield stress for surgical placement and an adequate compressive modulus post-crosslinking. Critical-size calvarial defects were filled with a 4% PHA hydrogel containing 10 or 20% TDBM or TDVT, with the clin. product DBX being employed as the standard of care control for the in vivo study. At 12 wk, micro-computed tomog. anal. demonstrated similar bone regeneration among the exptl. groups, TDBM and TDVT, and the standard of care control DBX. The group with 10% TDBM was therefore identified as an attractive material for potential calvarial defect repair, as it addnl. exhibited a sufficient initial recovery after shearing (i.e., > 80% recovery). Future studies will focus on applying a hydrogel in a rat model for treatment of TBI. Non-crosslinking materials may be prone to material migration from a calvarial bone defect following surgical placement, which is problematic for materials intended for bone regeneration. Unfortunately, typical crosslinking materials such as bone cements are permanent and thus not conducive to bone regeneration, and typical bioactive materials for bone regeneration such as tissue matrix are not crosslinked in com. products. The current study addressed these problems by introducing a new biomaterial where tissue particles are themselves the crosslinker in a hydrogel system. The current study successfully demonstrated a new material based on pentenoate-modified hyaluronic acid with thiolated demineralized bone matrix that is capable of rapid crosslinking, with desirable paste-like rheol. of the precursor material for surgical placement, and with bone regeneration comparable to a com. available standard-of-care product. Such a material may hold promise for a single-surgery treatment of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) following hemicraniectomy. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 2-(acetylthio)acetate(cas: 76931-93-6Safety of 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 2-(acetylthio)acetate)
2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 2-(acetylthio)acetate(cas: 76931-93-6) belongs to pyrrolidine. Pyrrolidine being a good nucleophile easily undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions with different electrophiles such alkyl halides and acyl halides, and forms N-substituted pyrrolidines. N-Alkylpyrrolidine on further reaction with alkyl halide provided quaternary salts.Safety of 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 2-(acetylthio)acetate
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