Category: 128607-22-7

Ospemifene 12-month safety and efficacy in postmenopausal women with vulvar and vaginal atrophy was written by Goldstein, S. R.;Bachmann, G. A.;Koninckx, P. R.;Lin, V. H.;Portman, D. J.;Ylikorkala, O.. And the article was included in Climacteric in 2014.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

Objective: Assessment of 12-mo safety of ospemifene 60 mg/day for treatment of postmenopausal women with vulvar and vaginal atrophy (VVA). Methods: In this 52-wk, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study, women 40-80 years with VVA and an intact uterus were randomized 6 : 1 to ospemifene 60 mg/day or placebo. The primary objective was 12-mo safety, particularly endometrial; 12-wk efficacy was assessed. Safety assessments included endometrial histol. and thickness, and breast and gynecol. examinations Efficacy evaluations included changes from baseline to week 12 in percentage of superficial and parabasal cells and vaginal pH. Results: Of 426 randomized subjects, 81.9% (n =349) completed the study with adverse events the most common reason for discontinuation (ospemifene 9.5%; placebo 3.9%). Most (88%) treatment-emergent adverse events with ospemifene were considered mild or moderate. Three cases (1.0%) of active proliferation were observed in the ospemifene group. For one, active proliferation was seen at end of study week 52, and diagnosed as simple hyperplasia without atypia on follow-up biopsy 3 mo after the last dose. This subsequently resolved with progestogen treatment and dilatation and curettage. In six subjects (five ospemifene (1.4%), one placebo (1.6%)) endometrial polyps were found (histopathol.); however, only one (ospemifene) was confirmed as a true polyp during addnl. expert review. Endometrial histol. showed no evidence of carcinoma. Statistically significant improvements were seen for all primary and secondary efficacy measures and were sustained through week 52 with ospemifene vs. placebo. Conclusions: The findings of this 52-wk study confirm the tolerance and efficacy of oral ospemifene previously reported in short- and long-term studies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ospemifene for the treatment of menopausal vaginal dryness, a symptom of the genitourinary syndrome of menopause was written by Archer, David F.;Simon, James A.;Portman, David J.;Goldstein, Steven R.;Goldstein, Irwin. And the article was included in Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism in 2019.SDS of cas: 128607-22-7 This article mentions the following:

: Vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA), a component of the genitourinary syndrome of menopause, is a progressive condition due to decline in estrogen leading to vaginal and vulvar epithelial changes. Accompanying symptoms of dryness, irritation, burning, dysuria, and/or dyspareunia have a neg. impact on quality of life. Ospemifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) approved by the FDA for moderate to severe dyspareunia and vaginal dryness due to postmenopausal VVA.: PubMed was searched from inception to March 2019 with keywords ospemifene and vulvar vaginal atrophy to review preclin. and clin. data describing the safety and efficacy of ospemifene for vaginal dryness and dyspareunia due to VVA. Covered topics include efficacy of ospemifene on vaginal cell populations, vaginal pH, and most bothersome VVA symptoms; imaging studies of vulvar and vaginal tissues; effects on sexual function; and safety of ospemifene on endometrium, cardiovascular system, and breast.: Ospemifene is significantly more effective than placebo in all efficacy analyses studied, working through estrogen receptors and possibly androgen receptors. Safety as assessed by adverse events was generally comparable to that with placebo and to other SERMs, and/or adverse events were not clin. meaningful. No cases of endometrial or breast cancer were reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7SDS of cas: 128607-22-7).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.SDS of cas: 128607-22-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Two-step synthesis technology of ospemifene was written by Zhang, Dan;Lan, Jing;Li, Ling;Luo, Zhen-fu;Zhang, Chun-xue. And the article was included in Xiandai Yaowu Yu Linchuang in 2012.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

The synthetic process comprises Williamson reaction of 4-hydroxybenzophenone with 2-bromoethanol to obtain 2-(4-benzoylphenoxy)-1-ethanol (with yield of 90% and purity of 95.3%), and Mcmurry reaction of 2-(4-benzoylphenoxy)-1-ethanol with 3-chloropropiophenone to obtain ospemifene (with yield of 70% and purity of >99.5%). The synthetic process is stable, simple, and suitable for industrial production In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Research progress on the selective estrogen receptor modulators was written by Ding, Hao;Yang, Fan;Cai, Yi;Chai, Xiaoyun;Wu, Qiuye. And the article was included in Yaoxue Shijian Zazhi in 2016.Application of 128607-22-7 This article mentions the following:

Breast cancer had become the main malignant tumors which posed a serious threat to women’s health. Selective estrogen receptor modulators, which served as the effective drug treatment, had been attracting more attention. Present research progress on the selective estrogen receptor modulators was summarized in this paper. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Application of 128607-22-7).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O鈥旽 bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Application of 128607-22-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects of ospemifene on genitourinary health assessed by prospective vulvar-vestibular photography and vaginal/vulvar health indices. was written by Goldstein, Irwin;Simon, James A;Kaunitz, Andrew M;Altomare, Corrado;Yoshida, Yuki;Zhu, Julie;Schaffer, Sam;Soulban, Graziella. And the article was included in Menopause (New York, N.Y.) in 2019.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

OBJECTIVE: To prospectively evaluate the effects of ospemifene on the vulva and vagina in postmenopausal women using vulvar-vestibular photography and direct visual assessments. METHODS: Postmenopausal women (aged 40-80 years) with moderate to severe vaginal dryness as their most bothersome symptom (MBS) were randomized to daily ospemifene 60鈥妋g or placebo in this 12-week, multicenter, double-blind, phase 3 study. Vulvar-vestibular photographic images were captured at baseline and week 12 and were independently assessed with the Vulvar Imaging Assessment Scale (VIAS). Changes from baseline in Vaginal and Vulvar Health Indices (VHI and VuHI) with ospemifene versus placebo were analyzed at weeks 4, 8, and 12. Correlations between VIAS, VHI, and VuHI, with vaginal dryness severity and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) scores were also assessed. RESULTS: In all, 631 eligible participants were randomized (ospemifene 316, placebo 315) and included in the intention-to-treat population. Compared with placebo, ospemifene significantly improved total scores for VIAS (P鈥?鈥?.0154), VHI (P鈥?lt;鈥?.0001), and VuHI (P鈥?lt;鈥?.0001) from baseline to week 12; significant VHI (P鈥?lt;鈥?.0001) and VuHI (P鈥?鈥?.002) improvements were observed at week 4. Most VHI and VuHI individual items were significantly better with ospemifene versus placebo at week 12 (P鈥?lt;鈥?.05). Most correlations between the vulvovaginal assessment total scores versus vaginal dryness severity and FSFI scores were significant (P鈥?lt;鈥?.05). CONCLUSION: Improvements observed in vulvovaginal health with ospemifene assessed by prospective vulvar-vestibular photography and other direct visual assessments support its efficacy in addition to the treatment of moderate to severe vaginal dryness due to menopause and the use of photographic and direct visual evaluations in future clinical trials. VIDEO SUMMARY: Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/MENO/A415. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R鈥昈鈭?. For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Vulvovaginal atrophy in women after cancer was written by Cox, P.;Panay, N.. And the article was included in Climacteric in 2019.Application of 128607-22-7 This article mentions the following:

The number of women surviving longer after a cancer diagnosis is increasing. This means that more awareness regarding their health is required. This review will focus on vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA)/genitourinary syndrome of menopause, one of the most distressing adverse iatrogenic effects of the menopause, secondary to cancer therapies. The cancer therapies themselves, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery, have a direct impact on the lower genital tract which interplays with the ensuing hypoestrogenic state of the menopause. Symptoms of VVA are still under-reported and undertreated as neither clinicians nor patients are forthcoming in discussing the problem, despite its profound neg. impact on quality of life. In terms of treatment of VVA, this review will look at the use of various options, including estrogen post cancer diagnosis, as well as considering newer emerging therapies such as dehydroepiandrosterone, ospemifene, and laser. The care of a woman post cancer diagnosis should be a multidisciplinary responsibility. However, further research is required into emerging treatment options as well as long-term safety data, to ensure all health-care providers and women are fully informed and confident to effectively address the impact of VVA post cancer diagnosis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Application of 128607-22-7).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Application of 128607-22-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Management of sexuality, intimacy, and menopause symptoms in patients with ovarian聽cancer. was written by Whicker, Margaret;Black, Jonathan;Altwerger, Gary;Menderes, Gulden;Feinberg, Jacqueline;Ratner, Elena. And the article was included in American journal of obstetrics and gynecology in 2017.HPLC of Formula: 128607-22-7 This article mentions the following:

Issues of sexuality, intimacy, and early menopause significantly impact the quality of life of patients following the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. These are undertreated problems. Successful treatment requires the provider’s awareness of the problem, ability to identify it, and willingness to treat it. Unfortunately many providers do not address these issues in the pretreatment or perioperative period. Furthermore, patients do not often alert their providers to their symptoms. While systemic hormone therapy may improve many of the issues, they are not appropriate for all patients given their action on estrogen receptors. However, other nonhormonal treatments exist including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, antiepileptics, natural remedies, and pelvic floor physical therapy. In addition psychological care and the involvement of the partner can be helpful in managing the sexual health concerns of these patients. At the time of diagnosis or at initial consultation, women should be informed of the potential physiologic, hormonal, and psychosocial effects of ovarian cancer on sexuality and that there is a multimodal approach to dealing with symptoms. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7HPLC of Formula: 128607-22-7).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.HPLC of Formula: 128607-22-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Research progress on the selective estrogen receptor modulators was written by Ding, Hao;Yang, Fan;Cai, Yi;Chai, Xiaoyun;Wu, Qiuye. And the article was included in Yaoxue Shijian Zazhi in 2016.Application of 128607-22-7 This article mentions the following:

Breast cancer had become the main malignant tumors which posed a serious threat to women’s health. Selective estrogen receptor modulators, which served as the effective drug treatment, had been attracting more attention. Present research progress on the selective estrogen receptor modulators was summarized in this paper. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Application of 128607-22-7).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Application of 128607-22-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Two-step synthesis technology of ospemifene was written by Zhang, Dan;Lan, Jing;Li, Ling;Luo, Zhen-fu;Zhang, Chun-xue. And the article was included in Xiandai Yaowu Yu Linchuang in 2012.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

The synthetic process comprises Williamson reaction of 4-hydroxybenzophenone with 2-bromoethanol to obtain 2-(4-benzoylphenoxy)-1-ethanol (with yield of 90% and purity of 95.3%), and Mcmurry reaction of 2-(4-benzoylphenoxy)-1-ethanol with 3-chloropropiophenone to obtain ospemifene (with yield of 70% and purity of >99.5%). The synthetic process is stable, simple, and suitable for industrial production In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects of ospemifene on genitourinary health assessed by prospective vulvar-vestibular photography and vaginal/vulvar health indices. was written by Goldstein, Irwin;Simon, James A;Kaunitz, Andrew M;Altomare, Corrado;Yoshida, Yuki;Zhu, Julie;Schaffer, Sam;Soulban, Graziella. And the article was included in Menopause (New York, N.Y.) in 2019.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

OBJECTIVE: To prospectively evaluate the effects of ospemifene on the vulva and vagina in postmenopausal women using vulvar-vestibular photography and direct visual assessments. METHODS: Postmenopausal women (aged 40-80 years) with moderate to severe vaginal dryness as their most bothersome symptom (MBS) were randomized to daily ospemifene 60 mg or placebo in this 12-week, multicenter, double-blind, phase 3 study. Vulvar-vestibular photographic images were captured at baseline and week 12 and were independently assessed with the Vulvar Imaging Assessment Scale (VIAS). Changes from baseline in Vaginal and Vulvar Health Indices (VHI and VuHI) with ospemifene versus placebo were analyzed at weeks 4, 8, and 12. Correlations between VIAS, VHI, and VuHI, with vaginal dryness severity and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) scores were also assessed. RESULTS: In all, 631 eligible participants were randomized (ospemifene 316, placebo 315) and included in the intention-to-treat population. Compared with placebo, ospemifene significantly improved total scores for VIAS (P = 0.0154), VHI (P < 0.0001), and VuHI (P < 0.0001) from baseline to week 12; significant VHI (P < 0.0001) and VuHI (P = 0.002) improvements were observed at week 4. Most VHI and VuHI individual items were significantly better with ospemifene versus placebo at week 12 (P < 0.05). Most correlations between the vulvovaginal assessment total scores versus vaginal dryness severity and FSFI scores were significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Improvements observed in vulvovaginal health with ospemifene assessed by prospective vulvar-vestibular photography and other direct visual assessments support its efficacy in addition to the treatment of moderate to severe vaginal dryness due to menopause and the use of photographic and direct visual evaluations in future clinical trials. VIDEO SUMMARY: Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/MENO/A415. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts