Intradermal vaccination via electroosmotic injection from a porous microneedle patch was written by Terui, Hitoshi;Kimura, Natsumi;Segawa, Reiji;Kusama, Shinya;Abe, Hiroya;Terutsuki, Daigo;Yamasaki, Kenshi;Nishizawa, Matsuhiko. And the article was included in Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology in 2022.Name: 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) This article mentions the following:
The feasibility of the electroosmotic flow (EOF)-promoted intradermal vaccination via a porous microneedle (PMN) has been demonstrated by in-vitro and in-vivo experiments with mice. The EOF-promoted directional transport of ovalbumin (OVA) through a neg. charged PMN was quant. evaluated by experiments using a side-by-side Franz cell. The preloading of the OVA solution into a PMN chip and its effective injection into mouse skin pieces were examined by microscope observations. By using mice, the immunol. effect of the PMN-based intradermal vaccination has been proved by ELISA anal. of serum OVA-specific Igs (IgG1 and IgE). Although the passive diffusion-based release of OVA from PMN was too slow for effective vaccination, the EOF-assisted injection was found to be fast enough to effectively induce production of Igs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6Name: 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol)).
2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Name: 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol)
Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts