Single-Step Generation of Flexible, Free-Standing Arrays of Multimode Cylindrical Waveguides was written by Hudson, Alexander D.;Bacus, Czerysh;Whinton, Marlena;Brook, Michael A.;Saravanamuttu, Kalaichelvi. And the article was included in Advanced Engineering Materials in 2019.Name: Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate This article mentions the following:
Polymer matrixes patterned with 3-D waveguide circuitry are critical components of flexible photonics but cannot be fabricated through conventional, linear lithog. techniques. By exploiting the spontaneous filamentation and modulation instability (MI) of a uniform optical field in a range of silicone-acrylate-based photopolymerizable fluids, the authors report the generation of free-standing arrays of cylindrical, multimode waveguides with tunable flexibility in a single, room-temperature step. A broad, incandescent beam becomes unstable and spontaneously divides into a large population (≈10 000 cm-2) of microscopic filaments; each filament becomes entrapped within a self-induced cylindrical waveguide and propagates through the medium without diverging. By spatially modulating the beam, it is possible to generate cylindrical waveguide arrays with square symmetry. By controlling the extent of crosslinking and the relative amount of silicone surfactant in the polymerized matrix, it is possible to tune the hardness of the arrays over an order of magnitude (Shore-OO 9 ± 5 to 94 ± 2). The authors show that flexible waveguide arrays that possess relatively low values of hardness can be reversibly compressed to up to 70% of their original lattice parameter while retaining waveguiding capacity; the arrays exhibit 100% recovery after multiple cycles of compression and decompression. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Name: Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate).
Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Name: Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate
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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts