Tartramide Ligands for Copper-Catalyzed N-Arylation at Room Temperature was written by Ma, Xuerui;Davies, Robert P.. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2022.Name: 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) This article mentions the following:
Readily accessible tartramide ligands R1NHC(O)CH(OH)CH(OH) C(O)NHR (R = Ph, Bn, cyclohexyl, etc.)have been demonstrated to promote copper-catalyzed N-arylation under mild conditions. In addition, the coupling protocol employs cheap and readily available pre-catalyst, ligand, and base (NaOH), and overcomes many current limitations often associated with Ullmann coupling: it can be run with low catalyst loadings, does not require the use of excess amine, operates at room temperature, is fully homogeneous, and displays improved tolerance to air and moisture. Detailed kinetic studies using reaction progress kinetic anal. (RPKA) methods have provided insight into the factors influencing the reaction rate in terms of impact of ligand structure, reactant/catalyst dependence and catalyst (in)stability. These kinetic insights have been used in a quality-by-design approach for further optimization of the reaction protocol. The reaction scope was extended to 22 examples, showing broad applicability for a wide range of substituted aryl iodides ArI (Ar = 3,5-dimethylphenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3-cyanophenyl, etc.) with both primary and secondary amines R1NHR2 (R1 = H); R2 = -(CH2)2O(CH2)2-, -(CH2)2N(CH3)(CH2)2-, -(CH2)5-, etc. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6Name: 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol)).
2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Name: 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol)
Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts