Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Chen, Xiaoyi published the artcilePhysicochemical properties, antioxidant activity and immunological effects in vitro of polysaccharides from Schisandra sphenanthera and Schisandra chinensis, HPLC of Formula: 59-23-4, the main research area is polysaccharide Schisandra antioxidant immunomodulatory agent; Antioxidant activity; Immunomodulatory effect; Physicochemical properties; S. chinensis polysaccharide; S. sphenanthera polysaccharide.

Schisandra sphenanthera and Schisandra chinensis are widely consumed either as food or for medicinal purposes. Nevertheless, no detailed comparative assessments of their physicochem. properties and biol. activity have been reported. In this paper, using hot-water extraction, alc. precipitation, and deproteinization, we obtained polysaccharidic extracts from Schisandra sphenanthera and Schisandra chinensis (denoted as SSP and SCP, resp.) and investigated their antioxidant and immunol. activities. The extracts were different from each other with regard to sugar, protein, and uronic acid contents. Both extracts were mainly composed of arabinose, glucose, and galactose, but their contents varied greatly; SSP had more galacturonic acid. Compared with SCP, SSP had stronger free radical scavenging ability, protective effects on biomols., cellular antioxidant activity, owing to its higher protein (35.35 ± 1.73%) and uronic acid (12.81 ± 1.15%) contents. With respect to cell viability, neutral red phagocytosis, NO production, and acid phosphatase activity, SCP had stronger effects than SSP; this was largely due to its high levels of mannose, galactose, arabinose, and glucose. These results provide evidence to support the use Schisandra-derived polysaccharides for several purposes, including clin., agricultural, and industrial applications.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Antioxidants. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, HPLC of Formula: 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Lin, Yuyang published the artcileMicrowave-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction of diverse polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes: Process optimization, structure characterization and antioxidant activity, Quality Control of 59-23-4, the main research area is polysaccharide Lentinus edode twophase extraction microwave antioxidant activity structure; Antioxidant activity; Lentinus edodes; Microwave-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction; Polysaccharides; Structure characterization.

Microwave-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction (MAATPE) was applied to simultaneous extraction of diverse polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes with aqueous two-phase extraction system (ATPS) of ethanol/ammonium sulfate as the biphasic extractant. Key factors in MAATPE process were optimized by response surface methodol., and the optimum conditions were concluded as follows: the ATPS composition of ethanol concentration 26.0% (weight/weight) and (NH4)2SO4 concentration 19.58% (weight/weight), extraction temperature 78.7°C, extraction time 19.55 min and solid-to-solvent ratio 1:50. The extraction yields of the polysaccharides from the top phase (PTP) and the bottom phase (PBP) were 2.12 ± 0.21% and 11.16 ± 0.28%, resp. By means of FT-IR, HPGPC and HPLC anal., PTP and PBP were different from each other in chem. structure, their average mol. weight (MW) were resp. 119,533 Da and 3906 Da. Also, the mechanism of MAATPE process was explored by composition anal. and SEM. Both polysaccharides exhibited stronger antioxidant activities, EC50 values of scavenging DPPH, hydroxyl and superoxide radicals for PBP achieved 580 ± 3, 83.1 ± 3.6 and 91.1 ± 0.5 ug/mL as against 560 ± 4, 76.3 ± 2.2 and 89.3 ± 2.4 ug/mL of PTP, resp. Compared with conventional methods using a mono-phase solvent, MAATPE can not only greatly improve extraction efficiency, but also selectively extract diverse polysaccharides.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Antioxidants. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Quality Control of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Manhas, Neeraj published the artcileComputationally modeling mammalian succinate dehydrogenase kinetics identifies the origins and primary determinants of ROS production, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is succinate dehydrogenase reactive oxygen species mitochondria antioxidant simulation; computational biology; computer modeling; enzyme kinetics; enzyme mechanism; free radicals; hydrogen peroxide; mechanistic regulation; oxidative stress; redox regulation; succinate dehydrogenase (SDH); superoxide; superoxide ion; ubiquinone.

Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex that links the Krebs cycle to the electron transport system. It can produce significant amounts of superoxide (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2); however, the precise mechanisms are unknown. This fact hinders the development of next-generation antioxidant therapies targeting mitochondria. To help address this problem, we developed a computational model to analyze and identify the kinetic mechanism of O-2 and H2O2 production by SDH. Our model includes the major redox centers in the complex, namely FAD, three iron-sulfur clusters, and a transiently bound semiquinone. Oxidation state transitions involve a one- or two-electron redox reaction, each being thermodynamically constrained. Model parameters were simultaneously fit to many data sets using a variety of succinate oxidation and free radical production data. In the absence of respiratory chain inhibitors, model anal. revealed the 3Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster as the primary O-2 source. However, when the quinone reductase site is inhibited or the quinone pool is highly reduced, O-2 is generated primarily by the FAD. In addition, H2O2 production is only significant when the enzyme is fully reduced, and fumarate is absent. Our simulations also reveal that the redox state of the quinone pool is the primary determinant of free radical production by SDH. In this study, we showed the importance of analyzing enzyme kinetics and associated side reactions in a consistent, quant., and biophys. detailed manner using a diverse set of exptl. data to interpret and explain exptl. observations from a unified perspective.

Current Medical Research and Opinion published new progress about Antioxidants. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Mei, Xinya published the artcileThe antioxidant activities of balsam pear polysaccharide, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is balsam pear polysaccharide antioxidant gel permeation chromatog; Antioxidant activities; Balsam pear polysaccharide; Structural characterization.

The antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from balsam pear were studied. It was determined by gel permeation chromatog. that the mol. weight distribution of purified polysaccharide was concentrated near 33582 Da. It indicated that the monosaccharide components were rhamnose, galacturonic acid, galactose, xylose and arabinose. Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, NMR and Congo red experiments showed that there are C1, C2, C3, C5 links, and stable β-triple helix conformation in aqueous solution It was found that polysaccharide had good scavenging effect on free radicals. So, balsam pear polysaccharide should be a potential antioxidant.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Antioxidants. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chen, Wenwei published the artcileOptimization of ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction of polysaccharides from thick-shell mussel (Mytilus coruscus) and their antioxidant activities, Product Details of C6H12O6, the main research area is Mytilus polysaccharide ultrasonic assisted enzymic extraction antioxidant activity; Antioxidant activity; Mytilus coruscus; Polysaccharide; Ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction.

This study aimed to obtain the purified fractions of Mytilus coruscus polysaccharides (MCPs) and investigate their antioxidant activities. MCPs were prepared through ultrasonic-assisted enzymic extraction optimized by employing the response surface methodol. A single-factor experiment was conducted using the Box-Behnken design to determine the optimum extraction conditions of MCPs. The ultrasonic power was 60 W, liquid-to-material ratio was 30 mL/g, extraction time was 36 min, extraction temperature was 64°C, enzyme concentration was 3.2%, and polysaccharide extraction yield was 12.86% ± 0.12%. A novel polysaccharide (MCP1-2) was obtained after the purification with AB-8 macroporous resin, DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow, and Sepharose CL-6B column. The mol. weight of MCP1-2 was estimated to be 134.9 kDa according to high-performance gel permeation chromatog. High-pressure liquid-phase chromatog. results showed that MCP1-2 contained mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, glucose, galactose, and L-Fuc at a molar ratio of 1.53:1:4.83:81.82:2.36:1.51. IR and NMR spectroscopies confirmed that MCP1-2 possessed α- and β- configurations. The antioxidant activities of MCP1-2 were investigated in vitro, and the results showed that MCP1-2 had good antioxidant activity and can be used as a natural antioxidant in food.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Antioxidants. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Product Details of C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wojdylo, Aneta published the artcileThe influence of different strains of Oenococcus oeni malolactic bacteria on profile of organic acids and phenolic compounds of red wine cultivars Rondo and Regent growing in a cold region, Product Details of C4H6O5, the main research area is Oenococcus malolactic bacteria phenolic compound red wine; MLF; antioxidant capacity; organic acids; phenolic compounds; red wine.

Wines produced from grapes cultivated in cool climate areas are characterized by high levels of organic acids. One method to correct this is malolactic fermentation (MLF). The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of different strains of Oenococcus oeni bacteria (Viniflora CH11, Viniflora CH16, Viniflora CH35, Viniflora Oenos, SIHA LACT Oeno) during the biol. acidity reduction process. Red wine from Rondo and Regent cultivars was obtained by ethanol fermentation of the pulp, at 20°C for 14 days. The profile of organic acids was examined with a particular focus on changes in the content of L-malic and L-lactic acids. Addnl., the impact on profile and quantity of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity was measured. The results showed that MLF had a pos. influence on content of organic acids through the reduction of L-malic acid content with a simultaneous increase of the amount of L-lactic acid. The best effect was obtained with the CH11 and CH35 bacterial strains. The biol. acidity reduction process had no significant (P > 0.05) impact on phenolic content or antioxidant capacity. However, the wine making process (ethanol fermentation, maturation) contributed to the reduction of polyphenols and in consequence lower antioxidant capacity of the final tested wines. Practical Application : The present study provides useful information on the impact of different Oenococcus oeni bacterial strains on MLF in red wines, reduction of L-malic to L-lactic acid, and stability of phenolic compounds during MLF and the maturation period. Also, this article provides information about phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity during malolactic fermentation and maturity of red wines made from hybrids of Vitis vinifera such as Rondo and Regent cultivars.

Journal of Food Science published new progress about Antioxidants. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Product Details of C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhao, Bin published the artcileStructural characterization and antioxidant activity of oligosaccharides from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Panax ginseng oligosaccharide antioxidant activity; Antioxidant activity; Oligosaccharides; Panax ginseng.

The purpose of present work was to investigate the antioxidant activity of oligosaccharides from mountain-cultivated ginseng (MCG) and cultivated ginseng (CG). The antioxidant activity of total oligosaccharides from MCG and CG were compared preliminary. And then, the total oligosaccharides of MCG, which displayed stronger activity than that of CG, were separated by Carbon-Celite column and eluted with water and ethanol of different concentrations (30%, 50%, 70%, 95%, volume/volume). Five fractions, MCGOS-H2O, MCGOS-30, MCGOS-50, MCGOS-70, MCGOS-95, were obtained. Seven oligosaccharides were purified from MCGOS-30-MCGOS-95. The structure features of oligosaccharides (MCGO-1-MCGO-7) were characterized using high performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC), methylation and gas chromatog.-mass (GC-MS), as well as NMR spectroscopy. ABTS radical scavenging assay, DPPH radical scavenging assay as well as ferric reducing antioxidant power assay were adopted for antioxidant activity of all the different oligosaccharides sub-fraction. The result showed that the fractions of MCGOS-70 and MCGOS-95 exhibited significant radical scavenging activity with DPPH and ABTS. In conclusion, the oligosaccharides from MCG possessed the significant antioxidant activity. Therefore, we propose that the oligosaccharides from Panax ginseng can be developed as natural antioxidants in food and pharmaceutical fields.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Antioxidants. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhang, Hua published the artcileIsolation, purification, structure and antioxidant activity of polysaccharide from pinecones of Pinus koraiensis, Formula: C6H12O6, the main research area is polysaccharide fraction rhamnose arabinose mannose glucose galactose glycosidic Pinus; PKP-E; Pinecones; Pinus koraiensis; Polysaccharide; Structure characterization.

The polysaccharides (PKP-E) extracted from the pinecones of Pinus koraiensis were studied, which was fractionated using DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100. Four novel polysaccharide fractions were obtained, which were PKP-E-1-1, -1-2, -2-1, and -2-2, resp. The structural features were characterized using HPGPC, monosaccharide composition anal., Congo red test, periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. The results showed the 4 purified fractions were non-triple helical structured heteropolysaccharides and composed of L-rhamnose, L-arabinose, D-mannose, D-glucose, and D-galactose. The fractions were mainly linked by 1â†? or 1â†?glycosidic bonds and the backbone of 4 fractions was probably composed of(â†?, 6)-β-D-Man-(1â†? and α-D-GalpA-(1â†?, which resembles pectin. Moreover, the antioxidant activities of the polysaccharides were measured by scavenging radical capacity tests. The PKP-E-2-1 was the most stable and active fraction, and the resp. IC50 for the hydroxyl and ABTS·+ radicals were 3.0 and 23.6 mg/mL.

Carbohydrate Polymers published new progress about Antioxidants. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Formula: C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhao, Shujie published the artcileExtraction, characterization and antioxidant activity evaluation of polysaccharides from Smilacina japonica, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Smilacina polysaccharide mannose glucose antioxidant; Antioxidant activity; Characterization; Smilacina japonica polysaccharide.

Three polysaccharides of uniform mol. weight designated as SJP1-1, SJP2-1, and SJP3-1 from Smilacina japonica were studied in this paper. Resp., their specific optical rotations were -45°, -75°, and -35°, their polysaccharide contents were 89.22%, 93.05%, and 59.83%, their relative average mol. weights were 1.87 × 105 Da, 1.04 × 105 Da, and 1.36 × 104 Da. Three polysaccharides were all composed mainly of the three monosaccharides mannose, glucose, and galactose, which together in SJP1-1, SJP2-1, and SJP3-1 resp. made up 96.34%, 98.23%, and 91.67% of the total polysaccharide. The polysaccharide structure was maintained mostly by β-glucose (1 â†?3), β-glucose (1 â†?4), α-mannose (1 â†?3), and α-galactose (1 â†?4) glycosidic linkages. SEM showed that SJP1-1, SJP2-1, and SJP3-1 were smooth uniform microspheres with diameters of 10-20μm that combined to form both uniformly dispersed particles and blocky structures. Finally, antioxidant assay showed that these polysaccharides all had a strong ability to scavenge ·OH and DPPH· radicals, with the effects of purified polysaccharides being greater than those of crude polysaccharides. This first report on the properties of these polysaccharides provides a basis for further studies to shed light on the medical properties of Smilacina japonica.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Antioxidants. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Salarbashi, Davoud published the artcileFenugreek seed gum: Biological properties, chemical modifications, and structural analysis- A review, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is review Fenugreek seed gum physicochem functional property; Fenugreek seed gum; Functional properties; Physico-chemical properties.

Fenugreek is a leguminous plant belongs to the family Fabaceae, which is extensively cultivated as a semiarid crop in Northern Africa, the Mediterranean, India, and Canada. In the present review paper, first we summarized the extraction, purification, chem. composition, mol. structure, and rheol. behavior of the mucilages isolated from Fenugreek seeds (FSG), and then their functional properties presented to elucidate the potential application of this traditional source of hydrocolloids in food, pharmaceutical, and other industries. To date, there is no technique that can successfully remove the attached protein from FSG. From a structural point of view, galactose and mannose are the most abundant polysaccharide in FSG composition, suggesting a galactomannan-like structure. FSG is the most soluble of the seed gums. FSG solutions at various temperatures and concentrations showed a time-dependent shear thinning behavior. Furthermore, these hydrocolloids can be employed for the fabrication of eco-friendly packaging systems. Antioxidant capacity and anti-fungi activity of FSG has been proved in different studies. In conclusion, industrial applications of FSG are possible due to its strong thickening properties. Addnl., FSG has an excellent emulsification capacity, which enables its application in the food, cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical industries.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Antioxidants. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts