Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Bensing, Barbara A. published the artcileRecognition of specific sialoglycan structures by oral streptococci impacts the severity of endocardial infection, Computed Properties of 59-23-4, the main research area is Streptococcus endocarditis innate immunity sialoglycan.

Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus sanguinis are primary colonizers of the tooth surface. Although generally non-pathogenic in the oral environment, they are a frequent cause of infective endocarditis. Both streptococcal species express a serine-rich repeat surface adhesin that mediates attachment to sialylated glycans on mucin-like glycoproteins, but the specific sialoglycan structures recognized can vary from strain to strain. Previous studies have shown that sialoglycan binding is clearly important for aortic valve infections caused by some S. gordonii, but this process did not contribute to the virulence of a strain of S. sanguinis. Here we generated isogenic strains of S. gordonii that differ only in the type and range of sialoglycan structures to which they adhere and examined whether this rendered them more or less virulent in a rat model of endocarditis. Importantly, we found that human and rat platelet GPIbα (the major receptor for S. gordonii and S. sanguinis on platelets) display similar O-glycan structures, comprised mainly of a di-sialylated core 2 hexasaccharide, although the rat GPIbα has a more heterogenous composition of modified sialic acids. The combined results suggest that streptococcal interaction with a minor O-glycan on GPIbα may be more important than the over-all affinity for GPIbα for pathogenic effects.

PLoS Pathogens published new progress about Aortic valve. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Computed Properties of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chen, Mingrui published the artcileNatural deep eutectic solvents pretreatment as an aid for pectin extraction from apple pomace, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is natural deep eutectic solvent pectin extraction apple pomace.

Three natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES; choline chloride (CC): lactic acid (LA), CC: oxalic acid (OA), CC: urea (U)) in the ratio 1:2 were tested as a pretreatment of apple pomace prior to hot water extraction of pectin. The pretreatment duration and temperature (for 0.5-2h, at 40-80°C) was adjusted to limit cell wall polysaccharides losses and degradation Extraction yields and sugar composition were used to evaluate the impact of the pretreatment on pectin extraction and the mol. weight and degree of esterification of pectin were characterized. Results showed that CC:LA and CC:U pretreatments led to close overall recovery yields with the control using water instead of NADES. Instead, CC:OA led to polysaccharides degradation and loss. The cell wall monosaccharides composition was affected after CC:LA and CC:U pretreatments at 60°C and above, while it was preserved by CC:LA pretreatments at 40°C for 1h. Moreover, CC:LA pretreatment facilitated hot water extraction of a large amount (33.1%-56.1% of uronic acid recovery) of high Mw HM pectin comparable with pectin obtained through classical method. CC:U pretreatment led to saponification and affected pectin composition by introducing choline. Thus, CC:LA pretreatment of apple pomace followed by water extraction offers a “”green”” alternative for mineral acid pectin extraction while CC:U allows functionalizing pectin in apple pomace prior to hot water extraction

Food Hydrocolloids published new progress about Apple pomace. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tshewang, Sangay published the artcileMicrobial consortium inoculant increases pasture grasses yield in low-phosphorus soil by influencing root morphology, rhizosphere carboxylate exudation and mycorrhizal colonisation, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is phosphorus nutrient soil pasture grass root yield mycorrhizal rhizosphere; citrate; malate; nutrient uptake; rock mineral fertiliser; specific root length.

Pasture farming in south-western Australia is challenged by nutrient-poor soils. We assessed the impact of microbial consortium inoculant (MI) and rock mineral fertiliser (MF) on growth, nutrient uptake, root morphol., rhizosphere carboxylate exudation and mycorrhizal colonisation in three pasture grasses – tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea L.), veldt grass (Ehrharta calycina Sm.) and tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum L.) grown in low-phosphorus (P) sandy soil in a glasshouse for 30 and 60 days after sowing (DAS). Veldt grass produced the highest specific root length and smallest average root diameter in both growth periods, and had similar shoot weight, root surface area and fine root length (except at 30 DAS) to tall fescue. Compared with the control, MI alone or combined with MF significantly increased shoot and root biomass (except root biomass at 30 DAS), likely due to the significant increases in root surface area and fine root length. Plants supplied with MI + MF had higher shoot N and P contents than those in the MI and the control treatments at 60 DAS. Malate, citrate and trans-aconitate were the major rhizosphere carboxylates exuded at both 30 and 60 DAS. Malate exudation varied among species and treatments in both growth periods, but citrate exudation was consistently higher in the low-P treatments (control and MI) than the MF and MI + MF treatments. Microbial consortium inoculant can pos. influence pasture production in low-P soil by increasing root surface area and fine root length, whereas exudation of nutrient-mobilizing carboxylates (citrate) is dependent more on soil P supply than microbial consortium inoculant. 2021 Society of Chem. Industry.

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published new progress about Arable soils. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Barlow, Thomas published the artcileAralkylation of Guanosine with p-Substituted Styrene Oxides, Formula: C8H9BrO2, the main research area is aralkylation guanosine styrene oxide.

To probe mechanisms of nucleoside aralkylation, product distributions and product stereochemistries were determined in reactions of optically active p-methyl- and p-bromo-styrene oxide with guanosine. The proportion of 7-, N2- and O6-substituted guanosine products was 0.32:0.62:0.06 in neutral, aqueous reactions of the (R) p-methylstyrene oxide and 0.85:0.09:0.04 in reactions with the (R) p-bromostyrene oxide. The exocyclic positions opened The epoxide at the α-carbon. Epoxide ring-opening by the nitrogen at the 7-position showed little preference for the α- or β-carbons in reactions with p-methylstyrene oxide. However, the p-bromostyrene oxide favored reaction at the β-carbon almost 4-fold over reaction at the α-carbon. Almost total inversion of stereochem. was found to occur in reactions at the 7-position. In contrast, the ratio of inversion to retention of configuration in N- and O-substituted products was 2:1 and 1:1 for reactions with the p-methylstyrene oxide and 6:1 and 3:1 for reactions with p-bromostyrene oxide, resp. These experiments suggest that an SN2 mechanism is in effect with reactions at the 7-position, whereas substrates of an increasingly ionic nature are involved in reactions at the N2- and O6- positions, resp.

Chemical Research in Toxicology published new progress about Aralkylation. 92093-23-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 1-(4-Bromophenyl)ethane-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C8H9BrO2, Formula: C8H9BrO2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Agatonovic-Kustrin, Snezana published the artcileModels for skin and brain penetration of major components from essential oils used in aromatherapy for dementia patients, Safety of rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, the main research area is dementia skin blood brain barrier terpenoid essential oil aromatherapy; Alzheimer’s disease; QSAR; blood brain barrier; skin penetration; terpenes.

The aim of this work was to develop quant. structure activity relationships (QSARs), to predict skin and blood barrier penetrative abilities of 119 terpenoids from EOs used in aromatherapy. The first model was based on exptl. measured skin permeability for 162 mols., and the second model on BBB permeability for 138 mols. Each mol. was encoded with 63 calculated mol. descriptors and an artificial neural network was used to correlate mol. descriptors to permeabilities. Developed QSAR models confirm that EOs components penetrate through the skin and across the BBB. Some well-known descriptors, such as log P (lipophilicity), mol. size and shape, dominated the QSAR model for BBB permeability. Compounds with the highest predicted BBB penetration were hydrocarbon terpenes with the smallest mol. size and highest lipophilicity. Thus, mol. size is a limiting factor for penetration. Compounds with the highest skin permeability have slightly higher mol. size, high lipophilicity and low polarity. Our work shows that a major disadvantage of novel multitarget compounds developed for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease is the size of mols., which cause problems in their delivery to the brain. Therefore, there is a need for smaller compounds, which possess more desirable physicochem. properties and pharmacokinetics, in addition to targeted biol. effects.

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics published new progress about Aromatherapy. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Safety of rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Coleman, Robert E. published the artcileKinetics of autoxidation of tartaric acid in presence of iron, Application of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is tartaric acid iron catalyst autoxidation kinetics mechanism.

The kinetics of the autoxidation reaction of tartaric acid in an air-saturated solution in the presence of Fe(II) show autocatalytic behavior with distinct initiation, propagation, and termination phases. The initiation phase, which involves activation of dissolved oxygen, decreases with increasing pH, over the test range of pH of 2.5-4.5, indicating that activation of oxygen is catalyzed by an Fe(II)-tartrate complex. The autocatalytic nature of this reaction indicates the presence of a catalytic intermediate that is produced during the initiation phase and regenerated during the propagation phase. The addition of catalase, as well as direct measurements, provided evidence of the presence and kinetic action of hydrogen peroxide as one of the intermediates. Direct addition of hydrogen peroxide resulted in shortening of the initiation stage and the propagation phase with similar rates as in the autoxidation reaction at low pH. The propagation is approx. a zero order reaction with respect to oxygen and iron. The kinetic anal. suggests that an intermediate catalytic complex(s) involving a ferryl ion (FeO2+) controls the rate of the propagation reaction. The Fe(III) formation shows autocatalytic behavior that mirrors the dissolved oxygen consumption patterns under all pH conditions studied. At pH values of 2.5 and 3.0, Fe(III) accumulated to a maximum, before it was partially consumed. This maximum coincided with the depletion of dissolved oxygen. The consumption of Fe(III), or the reduction of Fe(III) back to Fe(II), reflects the catalytic nature of Fe(II) and the essential role of tartaric acid in the initiation phase of Fenton’s original reaction. (c) 2020 American Institute of Physics.

Journal of Chemical Physics published new progress about Autoxidation. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Application of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Li, Yimeng published the artcileStructural characterization, antiproliferative and immunoregulatory activities of a polysaccharide from Boletus Leccinum rugosiceps, Computed Properties of 59-23-4, the main research area is Leccinum breast carcinoma LRP1 antiproliferative immunoregulatory activity hepatoma cell; Antitumor; Immunomodulatory; Leccinum rugosiceps; Polysaccharide; Structure.

A homogeneous water-soluble flaky polysaccharide named LRP-1 (18.82 kDa) was extracted and purified from the rare edible and medicinal fungi Leccinum rugosiceps. The structure characterization of LRP-1 was analyzed by GPC, GC, GC-MS, FT-IR, SEM, 1D/2D NMR, and its antitumor and immunoregulatory activities were determined The results show that LRP-1 is a new polysaccharide with a backbone which is mainly composed of â†?-α-D-Fucp-3â†? â†?-α-D-Rhap-3â†? â†?-β-D-Glcp-6â†? â†?-β-D-Glcp-3â†? â†?-α-D-Glcp-4â†? â†?-β-D-Galp-6 â†?and â†?-α-D-Manp-6â†? Results of MTT assay show that LRP-1 inhibit the growth of human hepatoma cells HepG-2 and human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells in vitro. LRP-1 could also induce the secretion of NO and immune factors (IL-6 and TNF-α) of RAW264.7. This study suggests that LRP-1 has potential to be used as nutraceutical food with antitumor and immunoregulatory activities.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Autoxidation. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Computed Properties of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chen, Jingqin published the artcileGreen synthesis, characterization, cytotoxicity, antioxidant, and anti-human ovarian cancer activities of Curcumae kwangsiensis leaf aqueous extract green-synthesized gold nanoparticles, COA of Formula: C10H18O, the main research area is Curcuma leaf gold nanoparticle antioxidant cytotoxicity green chem.

The present work indicated the green synthesis, characterization, cytotoxicity, antioxidant, and anti-human ovarian cancer activities of gold nanoparticles containing Curcumae Kwangsiensis Folium (Leaf) aqueous extract Characterization of gold nanoparticles was done by Field Emission SEM (FE-SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transformed IR Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and UV-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis). MTT assay was used on common ovarian cancer cell lines i.e., SW-626, PA-1, and SK-OV-3 to survey the cytotoxicity and anti-ovarian cancer effects of gold chloride, Curcumae Kwangsiensis Folium leaf aqueous extract, and gold nanoparticles. The best results of cytotoxicity and anti-ovarian cancer properties were seen in the case of gold nanoparticles. They had very low cell viability and high anti-ovarian cancer activities dose-dependently against PA-1, SW-626, and SK-OV-3 cell lines without any cytotoxicity on the normal cell line (HUVEC). For investigating the antioxidant properties of gold chloride, Curcumae Kwangsiensis Folium leaf aqueous extract, and gold nanoparticles, the DPPH test was used in the presence of butylated hydroxytoluene as the pos. control. The best results of antioxidant properties were seen in the case of gold nanoparticles. They inhibited half of the DPPH mols. in the concentration of 153μg/mL. Maybe significant anti-human ovarian cancer potentials of gold nanoparticles synthesized by Curcumae Kwangsiensis Folium leaf aqueous extract against common human ovarian cancer cell lines are linked to their antioxidant activities.

Arabian Journal of Chemistry published new progress about Antioxidants. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, COA of Formula: C10H18O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Qiang, Yueyue published the artcileSpatial variation of volatile organic compounds and antioxidant activity of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) essential oils harvested from four provinces of China, Recommanded Product: rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, the main research area is volatile organic compound antioxidant Curcuma longa essential oil; Antioxidant activity; Curcuma longa L; DPPH; HS-SPME-GC-MS; Turmeric essential oils (TEOs).

The objective of this study was to investigate the spatial variation of volatile organic compounds and antioxidant activity of turmeric essential oils (TEOs) harvested from four provinces of China. The major chem. components of these TEOs were analyzed using headspace solid-phase micro-extraction gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry. More than forty volatile organic compounds in TEOs were identified, which accounted for 82.09-93.64% of the oil components. The relative abundances of the main volatile organic compounds in TEOs at the genus level were visualized by a heat map. The antioxidant activity of the TEOs of five different origins was characterized by the DPPH free radical scavenging activity, in which the antioxidant activity of the TEOs from Guangxi was superior to those of other sources. Furthermore, the IC50 values of the antioxidants TEOs collected from Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Changting, and Liancheng were 33.30, 42.5, 35.22, 63.27, and 39.96 mg/mL, resp., which indicated the excellent free radical scavenging activity of those TEOs. Therefore, the TEOs might be considered as a natural antioxidant with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries.

Current Research in Food Science published new progress about Antioxidants. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Recommanded Product: rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

An, Qi published the artcileStructure analysis of polysaccharides purified from Cyclocarya paliurus with DEAE-Cellulose and its antioxidant activity in RAW264.7 cells, Application In Synthesis of 59-23-4, the main research area is Cyclocarya polysaccharide CPPD macrophage cell viability antioxidant; Antioxidant; Cyclocarya paliurus; Polysaccharide; Structural analysis.

CPP was isolated from Cyclocarya paliurus (C. paliurus) and CPP-D was purified from CPP with a further step by DEAE-Cellulose. In this study, the structure and antioxidant activities of these two polysaccharides were investigated. The mol. weight of CPP was determined as 1.15 × 105 Da and the monosaccharides of it were Rha, Ara, Xyl, Man, Glc, Gal in a molar ratio of 0.021:0.237:0.020:0.036:0.454:0.231, while the mol. weight of CPP-D was 9.1 × 103 Da and the monosaccharides of it were Man, Glc, Gal in a molar ratio of 0.235:0.677:0.088. CPP-D consisted of three structural residues â†?- β-D-Glc-(1â†? â†?,6)- β-D-Man-(1â†?and â†?)- β-D-Gal. These structures were characterized by SEM, FT-IR, GC-MS, HPGPC, and NMR. The antioxidant assay in RAW264.7 cell showed that both CPP and CPP-D promoted cell viability and antioxidant activity, which decreased the content of MDA and increased the activity of SOD, T-AOC, CAT (P < .05). As a result, CPP-D isolated by DEAE-Cellulose didn't reduce the antioxidant activity of C. paliurus polysaccharide and could enhance the cell viability. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Antioxidants. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Application In Synthesis of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts