Month: February 2023

Spatially resolved metabolomics reveals variety-specific metabolic changes in banana pulp during postharvest senescence was written by Yin, Zhibin;Dong, Tao;Huang, Wenjie;Du, Mingyi;Chen, Dong;Fernie, Alisdair R.;Yi, Ganjun;Yan, Shijuan. And the article was included in Food Chemistry: X in 2022.Application In Synthesis of (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol This article mentions the following:

Banana is one of most popular fruits globally due to health-promoting and disease-preventing effects, yet little is known about in situ metabolic changes across banana varieties. Here, we integrated gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (LDI-MSI) and metabolomics to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution and levels of metabolites within Brazil and Dongguan banana pulps during postharvest senescence. Metabolomics results indicated that both postripening stages and banana varieties contribute to metabolite levels. Benefiting from improved ionization efficiency of small-mol. metabolites and less peak interference, we visualized the spatiotemporal distribution of sugars, amino acids (AAs) and monoamines within pulps using AuNP-assisted LDI-MSI for the first time, revealing that AAs and monoamines exclusively accumulated in the middle region near the seed zone. Monosaccharides and di/trisaccharides were generally distributed across entire pulps but exhibited different accumulation patterns. These findings provide a guide for breeding new varieties and improving extraction efficiency of bioactive compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Application In Synthesis of (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Application In Synthesis of (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Stereoselective ketone reduction by a carbonyl reductase from Sporobolomyces salmonicolor. Substrate specificity, enantioselectivity and enzyme-substrate docking studies was written by Zhu, Dunming;Yang, Yan;Buynak, John D.;Hua, Ling. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2006.Computed Properties of C8H9ClO This article mentions the following:

In our effort to search for effective carbonyl reductases, the activity and enantioselectivity of a carbonyl reductase from Sporobolomyces salmonicolor have been evaluated toward the reduction of a variety of ketones. This carbonyl reductase (SSCR) reduces a broad spectrum of ketones including aliphatic and aromatic ketones, as well as α- and β-ketoesters. Among these substrates, SSCR shows highest activity for the reduction of α-ketoesters. Aromatic α-ketoesters are reduced to (S)-α-hydroxy esters, while (R)-enantiomers are obtained from the reduction of aliphatic counterparts. This interesting observation is consistent with enzyme-substrate docking studies, which show that hydride transfer occurs at the different faces of carbonyl group for aromatic and aliphatic α-ketoesters. It is worthy to note that sterically bulky ketone substrates, such as 2′-methoxyacetophenone, 1-adamantyl Me ketone, Et 4,4-dimethyl-3-oxopentanoate and Et 3,3-dimethyl-2-oxobutanoate, are reduced to the corresponding alcs. with excellent optical purity. Thus, SSCR possesses an unusually broad substrate specificity and is especially useful for the reduction of ketones with sterically bulky substituents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9Computed Properties of C8H9ClO).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Computed Properties of C8H9ClO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Flexible UV Exposure Sensor Based on UV Responsive Polymer was written by Lee, Michele E.;Armani, Andrea M.. And the article was included in ACS Sensors in 2016.Recommanded Product: 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol This article mentions the following:

One critical challenge facing society is balancing the pos. and neg. effects of UV exposure. While UV exposure contributes to Vitamin D production, in excess, UV exposure is linked to skin cancer. Therefore, methods to monitor UV exposure and help society achieve this delicate balance have been the focus of numerous research efforts. Here, we leverage advances in functional materials to create a wearable UV light sensor. The flexible, lightweight trilayer sensor, which is composed of a UV responsive polymer layer sandwiched between two transparent protective layers made from FDA-approved polymers, changes color from transparent to yellow upon UV exposure. Notably, the entire trilayer system is less than 250mm thick, allowing it to maintain mech. flexibility. The UV responsive material leverages the photocleavable ortho-nitrobenzyl (ONB) moiety. Because a singular ONB cleaving group is centrally located along the polymer backbone, the colorimetric response is very controlled. Using an AM1.5 solar simulator, the sensor’s linear working range is demonstrated to cover the medically relevant range of 15 min to 1 h. Addnl., we determine the sensor’s robustness to potential environmental and mech. stress as well as long-term storage. After mech. bending and water immersion, the performance is unchanged. Storage in ambient conditions also does not degrade the behavior. When combined with sunscreen, the sensor’s response is predictably decreased due to the attenuation of the UV light. This flexible colorimetric sensor based on a smart polymer system can greatly aid society in achieving a balance in sufficient UV exposure. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9Recommanded Product: 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol).

3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Recommanded Product: 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Asymmetric amination of meso-epoxide with vegetable powder as a low-toxicity catalyst was written by Takeuchi, Yuki;Asano, Tatsuhiro;Tsuzaki, Kazuya;Wada, Koichi;Kurata, Hiroyuki. And the article was included in Molecules in 2020.Recommanded Product: 40571-86-6 This article mentions the following:

This paper describes the scope and limitation of substrates subjected to asym. amination with epoxides catalyzed by a soluble soybean polysaccharide (Soyafibe S-DN), which we recently discovered from the reaction of 1,2-epoxycyclohexane with cyclopropylamine. Various meso-epoxides reacted with various amines afforded the corresponding products with good enantiomeric selectivity. Since it was found that pectin was found to have a catalytic ability after screening com. available polysaccharides, we studied 33 different vegetable powders having pectic substances, and we found that many vegetable powders showed catalytic ability. These results should guide in using vegetable components as low-toxic catalysts for the production of pharmaceuticals. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol (cas: 40571-86-6Recommanded Product: 40571-86-6).

Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol (cas: 40571-86-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Recommanded Product: 40571-86-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The novel ketoprofen amides – synthesis and biological evaluation as antioxidants, lipoxygenase inhibitors and cytostatic agents was written by Rajic, Zrinka;Hadjipavlou-Litina, Dimitra;Pontiki, Eleni;Kralj, Marijeta;Suman, Lidija;Zorc, Branka. And the article was included in Chemical Biology & Drug Design in 2010.Application of 59960-32-6 This article mentions the following:

The novel amides of ketoprofen and its reduced derivatives (5a-f, 4a-n, 6a-g) with aromatic and cycloalkyl amines or hydroxylamines were prepared and screened for their reducing and cytostatic activity as well as for their ability to inhibit soybean lipoxygenase and lipid peroxidation 1,1-Diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl test for reducing ability revealed that ketoprofen amides were more potent antioxidants than the amides of the reduced ketoprofen derivatives The most active compound was benzhydryl ketoprofen amide 5f. Lipoxygenase inhibition of the tested compounds varied from strong to very weak. The most potent compound was benzhydryl derivative 6f (IC₅₀ = 20.5 μM). Aromatic and cycloalkyl amides 4 and 5 were more potent lipoxygenase inhibitors than derivatives with carboxylic group. Aromatic amides of series 4 and 5 showed excellent lipid peroxidation inhibition (92.2-99.9%). On the other hand, the most pronounced cytostatic activity was exerted by O-benzyl derivative 4i, although in general all tested reduced and non-reduced lipophilic derivatives showed similar activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-(Hydroxy(phenyl)methyl)phenyl)propanoic acid (cas: 59960-32-6Application of 59960-32-6).

2-(3-(Hydroxy(phenyl)methyl)phenyl)propanoic acid (cas: 59960-32-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Application of 59960-32-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Transport and delivery of interferon-a through epithelial tight junctions via pH-responsive poly(methacrylic acid-grafted-ethylene glycol) nanoparticles was written by Caldorera-Moore, Mary;Vela Ramirez, Julia E.;Peppas, Nicholas A.. And the article was included in Journal of Drug Targeting in 2019.Recommanded Product: ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) This article mentions the following:

Whereas significant advancements have been made in our fundamental understanding of cancer, they have not yet translated into effective clin. cancer treatments. One of the areas that has the potential to improve the efficacy of cancer therapies is the development of novel drug delivery technologies. In particular, the design of pH-sensitive polymeric complexation hydrogels may allow for targeted oral delivery of a wide variety of chemotherapeutic drugs and proteins. In this work, poly(methacrylic acid-grafted-ethylene glycol) hydrogel nanoparticles were synthesized, characterised, and studied as matrix-type, diffusion-controlled, pH-responsive carriers to enable the oral delivery of the chemotherapeutic agent interferon alpha (IFN-a). The biophys. mechanisms controlling the transport of IFN-a were investigated using a Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-culture as a gastrointestinal (GI) tract model. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited pH-responsive swelling behavior and allowed the permeation of IFN-a through the tight junctions of the developed cellular GI epithelium model. These studies demonstrate the capabilities of these particles to contribute to the improved oral delivery of protein chemotherapeutics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Recommanded Product: ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate)).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Recommanded Product: ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate)

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ether-tethered Ru(II)/TsDPEN complexes; synthesis and applications to asymmetric transfer hydrogenation was written by Parekh, Vimal;Ramsden, James A.;Wills, Martin. And the article was included in Catalysis Science & Technology in 2012.Computed Properties of C8H9ClO This article mentions the following:

A new type of Ru(II)/TsDPEN catalyst containing an ether-based linking tether has been prepared and shown to exhibit excellent activity in asym. transfer hydrogenation reactions of ketones. Related complexes containing a hydroxyl-terminated alkyl chain have also been prepared and tested as asym. catalysts. In some cases the activity of the new catalyst type complements that of the closely related alkyl-chain tethered complexes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9Computed Properties of C8H9ClO).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Computed Properties of C8H9ClO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Trans-Diborylation of Alkynes: Pseudo-Intramolecular Strategy Utilizing a Propargylic Alcohol Unit was written by Nagashima, Yuki;Hirano, Keiichi;Takita, Ryo;Uchiyama, Masanobu. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2014.Quality Control of 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine This article mentions the following:

Authors present the first trans-selective diborylation reaction of alkynes. By theor. calculation-assisted reaction anal., authors designed a pseudo-intramol. reaction of diboron, propargyl alc., and a base to facilitate B-B bond activation and C-B bond formation with high efficiency. This approach provides synthetically versatile and densely functionalized 4-borylated 1,2-oxaborol-2(5H)-oles (vinyldiboronates) in a straightforward manner. Detailed computational anal. showed that the directing alkoxide functionality markedly lowers the activation energy of B-C bond formation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6Quality Control of 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine).

2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Quality Control of 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Complete genome sequencing and strain characterization of a novel marine Bacillus velezensis FTL7 with a potential broad inhibitory spectrum against foodborne pathogens was written by Johny, Lidiya C.;Suresh, P. V.. And the article was included in World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology in 2022.Product Details of 149-32-6 This article mentions the following:

Bacillus velezensis FTL7 which exhibited potent antimicrobial peptide producing capacity was isolated from a marine sediment sample of the West Coast region, South India, and characterized through exptl. and genomic anal. approaches. FTL7 showed potential antimicrobial activity against a broad range of foodborne pathogenic bacteria like Listeria monocytogenes Scott A, Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778), Salmonella Typhimurium (MTCC 1251), Staphylococcusaureus (ATCC 25923), and Escherichiacoli (MTCC 443). It also exhibited strong inhibitory activity against Kocuriarhyzophila (ATCC 934) and Bacillussubtilis subsp. spizizenii (ATCC 6633). Phylogenetic anal. by 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that Bacillusvelezensis FTL7 was closely related to B.velezensis LBUM288 (GenBank accession number MG461457) with 100% identity. Whole-genome sequencing of the strain FTL7 was carried out using Illumina sequencing technol. to get a better insight into the mechanisms of controlling pathogens by FTL7. The strain FTL7 has a chromosome size of 3849,077 bp with a GC content of 46.56%. The genome consists of 3635 coding sequences, 64 RNA, 59 tRNAs, 5 ncRNAs, and 69 pseudogenes. The presence of genes responsible for the synthesis of non-ribosomal peptides and bacteriocins was identified through genome annotation. Thus, many Bacillus strains, including B. velezensis, have been demonstrated as excellent producers of antimicrobial substances. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Product Details of 149-32-6).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Product Details of 149-32-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Palladium-catalyzed allylic etherification of phenols with vinyl ethylene carbonate was written by Lin, Shibo;Zhao, Xiaotian;He, Lihui;Li, Xuanhao;Jiang, Qian;Xiang, Lan;Ye, Yongqin;Gan, Xiaohong. And the article was included in Frontiers in Chemistry (Lausanne, Switzerland) in 2022.Application In Synthesis of Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol This article mentions the following:

The palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative reactions of phenols and vinyl ethylene carbonate to produce allylic aryl ethers under mild conditions have been established. Adopting an inexpensive PdCl2(dppf) catalyst promotes the efficient conversion of phenols to the corresponding allylic aryl ethers via the formation of a new C-O bond in good isolated yields with complete regioselectivities, acceptable functional group tolerance and operational simplicity. The robust procedure could be completed smoothly by conducting a scaled-up reaction with comparable efficiency to afford the target product. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol (cas: 69393-72-2Application In Synthesis of Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol).

Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol (cas: 69393-72-2) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Application In Synthesis of Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts