Month: February 2023

Electrochemistry of transition metal hydride diphosphine complexes trans-MH(X)(PP)₂ and trans-[MH(L)(PP)₂]⁺, M = Fe, Ru, Os; PP = chelating phosphine ligand was written by Drouin, Samantha D.;Maltby, Patricia A.;Rennie, Benjamin E.;Schweitzer, Caroline T.;Golombek, Adina;Cappellani, E. Paul;Morris, Robert H.. And the article was included in Inorganica Chimica Acta in 2021.Formula: C4H9NaS This article mentions the following:

A series of over 30 iron, ruthenium, and osmium hydride phosphine complexes are reported, along with their M^III/II redox potentials. The complexes are of the type MH(PP)_n(X) or [MH(PP)_n(L)]⁺, where PP is one of the following bidentate phosphine ligands: dppe, dtpe, depe, and dtfpe, with n = 2; or the tetradentate phosphine ligand meso-tet-1, with n = 1. The electrochem. data of these complexes and those from the literature are used to determine the Lever E_L parameter of -0.65 V for the hydride ligand for iron and ruthenium. For osmium, however, the E_L value for the hydride ligand is found to be more pos. at only -0.37 V, an increase which is attributed to Os-H 蟽 bond strengthening due to relativistic effects. The correlation holds for irreversible oxidations as well as reversible ones. These E_L values can now be used along with Lever’s equations to predict redox potentials of other iron-group hydride complexes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Formula: C4H9NaS).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R鈥昈鈭?. For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Formula: C4H9NaS

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

ToF-SIMS and Machine Learning for Single-Pixel Molecular Discrimination of an Acrylate Polymer Microarray was written by Gardner, Wil;Hook, Andrew L.;Alexander, Morgan R.;Ballabio, Davide;Cutts, Suzanne M.;Muir, Benjamin W.;Pigram, Paul J.. And the article was included in Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, United States) in 2020.Related Products of 4074-88-8 This article mentions the following:

Combinatorial approaches to materials discovery offer promising potential for the rapid development of novel polymer systems. Polymer microarrays enable the high-throughput comparison of material phys. and chem. properties-such as surface chem. and properties like cell attachment or protein adsorption-in order to identify correlations that can progress materials development. A challenge for this approach is to accurately discriminate between highly similar polymer chemistries or identify heterogeneities within individual polymer spots. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) offers unique potential in this regard, capable of describing the chem. associated with the outermost layer of a sample with high spatial resolution and chem. sensitivity. However, this comes at the cost of generating large scale, complex hyperspectral imaging data sets. We have demonstrated previously that machine learning is a powerful tool for interpreting ToF-SIMS images, describing a method for color-tagging the output of a self-organizing map (SOM). This reduces the entire hyperspectral data set to a single reconstructed color similarity map, in which the spectral similarity between pixels is represented by color similarity in the map. Here, we apply the same methodol. to a ToF-SIMS image of a printed polymer microarray for the first time. We report complete, single-pixel mol. discrimination of the 70 unique homopolymer spots on the array while also identifying intraspot heterogeneities thought to be related to intermixing of the polymer and the pHEMA coating. In this way, we show that the SOM can identify layers of similarity and clusters in the data, both with respect to polymer backbone structures and their individual side groups. Finally, we relate the output of the SOM anal. with fluorescence data from polymer-protein adsorption studies, highlighting how polymer performance can be visualized within the context of the global topol. of the data set. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Related Products of 4074-88-8).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R鈥昈鈭?. For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Related Products of 4074-88-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Severe bullous allergic contact dermatitis caused by glycidyl methacrylate and other acrylates was written by Vogel, Tatiana Alexandra;Christoffers, Wietske Andrea;Engfeldt, Malin;Bruze, Magnus;Coenraads, Pieter-Jan;Schuttelaar, Marie-Louise Anna. And the article was included in Contact Dermatitis in 2014.Product Details of 4074-88-8 This article mentions the following:

A research illustrates a rarer case of a severe allergic contact dermatitis caused by acrylates glycidyl methacrylate and 1,6 hexanediol diacrylate in an occupational setting. The multiple reactivity to various acrylates in this patient can be explained by two different phenomena: cross-reactivity, and sub sequent exposure to other acrylates. This case report reveals the importance of patch testing with a dilution series of acrylates to distinguish between a contact allergy and an irritant reaction. And moreover, it emphasizes the importance of investigating the products in a patient’s workplace and testing the purity of these products. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Product Details of 4074-88-8).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Product Details of 4074-88-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of lathyrane diterpenoid nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives and evaluation of their anti-inflammatory activities was written by Wang, Wang;Xiong, Liangliang;Li, Yutong;Song, Zhuorui;Sun, Dejuan;Li, Hua;Chen, Lixia. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2022.Reference of 111-46-6 This article mentions the following:

As our ongoing work on lathyrane diterpenoid derivatization, three series of lathyrane diterpenoid derivatives were designed and synthesized based combination principles, including pyrazole, thiazole and furoxan moieties I [R = Et, phenyl; R¹ = Me, Cl, F, etc], II [R² = Me, Ph, cyclohexyl, etc.] and III [R³ = Bu, butyne, 1,4-dimethylbenzene, etc.] . Biol. evaluation indicated that compound III [R³ = ethoxyethane] exhibited excellently inhibitory activity on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells (IC₅₀ = 0.38 卤 0.18 渭M). The preliminary structure-activity relationships (SARs) suggested that phenylsulfonyl substituted furoxan moiety had the strongest ability to improve anti-inflammatory activity of lathyrane diterpenoids. Furthermore, compound III [R³ = ethoxyethane] significantly reduced the level of ROS. Its mol. mechanism was related to inhibiting the transcriptional activation of Nrf₂/HO-1 pathway. Based on these considerations, III [R³ = ethoxyethane] might be a promising anti-inflammatory agent, which is noteworthy for further exploration. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6Reference of 111-46-6).

2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Reference of 111-46-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of novel zwitterionic poly(beta amino)ester hydrogels based on diacrylate and glycine for site-specific controlled drug release was written by Filipovic, Vuk V.;Babic, Marija M.;Godevac, Dejan;Pavic, Aleksandar;Nikodinovic-Runic, Jasmina;Tomic, Simonida Lj.. And the article was included in Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics in 2019.Reference of 4074-88-8 This article mentions the following:

New (尾-aminoester) hydrogels (PBAE) based on di(ethylene glycol)diacrylate and glycine are successfully synthesized and characterized for the first time in this work. PBAE macromers are obtained using Michael addition By changing the diacrylate/amine stoichiometric ratio, but maintaining it >1, samples with different chem. structure containing acrylate end-groups are obtained. The hydrogels are synthesized from macromers utilizing free radical polymerization Chem. structure of macromers and hydrogels is confirmed by proton NMR, and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Swelling and degradation rates in physiol. pH range change notably with pH and monomer molar ratio, validating pH sensitivity and zwitterionic behavior, which can be finely tuned by changing any of these parameters. In vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo acute embryotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) performed to assess the biocompatibility of the novel hydrogel materials and their degradation products reveal that materials are nontoxic and biocompatible. The Cephalexin in vitro drug release study, at pH values 2.20, 5.50, and 7.40, demonstrates pH-sensitive delivery with the release profiles effectively controlled by pH and the hydrogel composition PBAE hydrogels exhibit great potential for a variety of biomedical applications, including tissue regeneration and intelligent drug delivery systems. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Reference of 4074-88-8).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Reference of 4074-88-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Two-step synthesis technology of ospemifene was written by Zhang, Dan;Lan, Jing;Li, Ling;Luo, Zhen-fu;Zhang, Chun-xue. And the article was included in Xiandai Yaowu Yu Linchuang in 2012.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

The synthetic process comprises Williamson reaction of 4-hydroxybenzophenone with 2-bromoethanol to obtain 2-(4-benzoylphenoxy)-1-ethanol (with yield of 90% and purity of 95.3%), and Mcmurry reaction of 2-(4-benzoylphenoxy)-1-ethanol with 3-chloropropiophenone to obtain ospemifene (with yield of 70% and purity of >99.5%). The synthetic process is stable, simple, and suitable for industrial production In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Quality Control of (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of soluble calcium compound from skipjack tuna bones using edible weak acids was written by Aenglong, Chakkapat;Wang, Yu-Ming;Limpawattana, Maruj;Sukketsiri, Wanida;Tang, Qing-Juan;Klaypradit, Wanwimol;Kerdpiboon, Soraya. And the article was included in LWT–Food Science and Technology in 2022.Quality Control of Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate This article mentions the following:

This study aimed to enhance the water solubility of calcium from tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) bones (TB). Calcium hydroxyapatite (HA) was obtained by calcination of TB. For mineral profiles of TB and HA, Ca had the highest content followed by P with Ca/P of 3.47 and 1.94. Mg, K, and Na as macro minerals and Cr, Cu, Mn, and Zn as micro minerals were also found. Subsequently, HCl was applied to form structured HA-chloride compound (HA-Cl) then reacted with alk. to obtain structured HA-hydroxide compound (HA-OH). In order to enhance the water solubility, citric and lactic acid were individually reacted with HA-Cl and HA-OH to obtain structured HA-citrate compounds (HA-Cl-Ci and HA-OH-Ci) and structured HA-lactate compounds (HA-Cl-Lac and HA-OH-Lac). HA-Cl-Ci had the highest water solubility (93.34 卤 0.45%) followed by HA-OH-Lac (90.35 卤 0.23%) with Ca/P ratio of 2.28 and 2.24, resp. HA-Cl-Ci and HA-OH-Lac demonstrated the similar mineral profiles to those of HA but with different contents. The results of FT-IR indicated the carboxyl group of acid played an important role in binding Ca²⁺. X-ray diffractograms indicated that calcined bone was HA whereas the major composition of HA-Cl-Ci and HA-OH-Lac was related to calcium citrate tetrahydrate and calcium lactate pentahydrate, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5Quality Control of Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate).

Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R鈥昈鈭?. For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Quality Control of Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Copper Catalyzed Protosilylation/Protoborylation of gem-Difluoroallenes was written by Shan, Cui-Cui;Dai, Kai-Yang;Zhao, Meng;Xu, Yun-He. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.Computed Properties of C16H20B2N2O2 This article mentions the following:

We have developed a protocol for protoborylation and protosilylation of gem-difluoroallenes to afford gem-difluoroallyl-boronates and gem-difluoroallylsilanes. It is different from non-fluorine allenes in which nucleophiles are added to 纬-position of gem-difluoroallenes to afford 尾,纬-addition products. Not only monosubstituted gem-difluoroallenes but also disubstituted gem-difluoroallenes could react well with silaboronate (PhMe₂Si-Bpin) and bis(pinacolato)diboron (B₂pin₂). The protocol is simple and efficient to construct compounds which contain tertiary/secondary gem-difluoroallylboronates and gem-difluoroallylsilanes. Moreover, diverse organofluorine compounds can be converted from these organoboronates and silanes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6Computed Properties of C16H20B2N2O2).

2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Computed Properties of C16H20B2N2O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Meta-Terphenyls as versatile fluorescent molecular sensors for monitoring the progress of hybrid polymerization processes was written by Tomal, Wiktoria;Szymaszek, Patryk;Bilut, Magdalena;Popielarz, Roman;Swiergosz, Tomasz;Ortyl, Joanna. And the article was included in Polymer Chemistry in 2022.Electric Literature of C16H26O7 This article mentions the following:

Herein, the performance of a series of 2-amino-4,6-diphenylbenzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile derivatives in the role of fluorescent mol. sensors for monitoring progress of various photopolymerization processes by the Fluorescence Probe Technique (FPT) has been evaluated. It was found that all of the derivatives studied, except for the one containing a nitro substituent in its structure, showed high enough sensitivity and stability to be applied as versatile sensors for both cationic and free-radical polymerization processes. Next, the applicability of the sensors was applied for study of hybrid polymerization processes (i.e., both cationic and free radical polymerization reactions occurring simultaneously). The hybrid photopolymerization of pure glycidyl methacrylate (GlyMA) and the mixtures of GlyMA with 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3,4-epoxy-cyclohexanecarboxylate (CADE), or CADE with trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) was studied. It was found that during the hybrid photopolymerization of CADE/TMPTA mixtures, each monomer polymerized independently to form an interpenetrated polymer network (IPN). On the other hand, hybrid photopolymerization of GlyMA/CADE mixtures leads to a copolymer, where final functional group conversions are higher than those achievable by the corresponding photopolymerizations of pure GlyMA and CADE monomers. The use of m-terphenyl sensors allows for real-time monitoring of various hybrid polymerization processes and provides key information on the processes, which was not previously possible. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Electric Literature of C16H26O7).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O鈥旽 bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Electric Literature of C16H26O7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Enriching volatile aromatic compounds of lavender hydrolats by PDMS/ceramic composite membranes was written by Xu, Shuainan;Zuo, Chengye;Sun, Xuefei;Ding, Xiaobin;Zhong, Zhaoxiang;Xing, Weihong;Jin, Wanqin. And the article was included in Separation and Purification Technology in 2022.Name: Oct-1-en-3-ol This article mentions the following:

Lavender hydrolats are of low value due to its low aromatic compound concentration This work applied polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) /ceramic composite membranes to enrich volatile aromatic compounds (linalool, terpinen-4-ol, 伪-terpineol, and camphor) of lavender hydrolats for improving antioxygenic property. The effect of operating conditions on the enrichment was systematically studied. The results showed that the fluxes of the four aromatic compounds increased with the increase of feed concentration in the binary simulation system. The enrichment factor of camphor increased more significantly than other components with the increase of flow velocity and the total flux was basically unchanged in pervaporation. The flux of lavender hydrolats was 254.84 g路m^-2路h^-1, the enrichment factors of linalool, terpinen-4-ol, 伪-terpineol, and camphor were found to be 5.64, 4.56, 2.59 and 15.31 at 40掳C, resp. The free radical scavenging rate of enriched lavender hydrolats was significantly improved. This work provides a basis for the recovery of aromatic compounds from lavender hydrates by using PDMS/ceramic composite membranes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Name: Oct-1-en-3-ol).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Name: Oct-1-en-3-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts