Month: November 2022

Safety of 3-(4-Pyridyl)-2-propyn-1-olOn March 7, 2005, Feuerstein, Marie; Doucet, Henri; Santelli, Maurice published an article in Tetrahedron Letters. The article was 《Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions with heteroaryl halides in the presence of a tetraphosphine-palladium catalyst》. The article mentions the following:

Heteroaryl halides undergoes cross-couplings with alkynes in good yields in the presence of [PdCl(C3H5)]2/cis,cis,cis-1,2,3,4-tetrakis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)cyclopentane as catalyst. A variety of heteroaryl halides such as pyridines, quinolines, a pyrimidine, an indole, a thiophene, or a thiazole were used successfully. The reaction also tolerates several alkynes such as phenylacetylene and a range of alk-1-ynols. Furthermore, this catalyst can be used at low loading with some substrates. In addition to this study using 3-(4-Pyridyl)-2-propyn-1-ol, there are many other studies that have used 3-(4-Pyridyl)-2-propyn-1-ol(cas: 93524-95-9Safety of 3-(4-Pyridyl)-2-propyn-1-ol) was used in this study.

3-(4-Pyridyl)-2-propyn-1-ol(cas: 93524-95-9) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. As ligands, solvents, and catalysts they facilitate reactions; thus descriptions of these new ligands and their applications abound each year.Safety of 3-(4-Pyridyl)-2-propyn-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bahramzadeh, Saman; Tabarsa, Mehdi; You, SangGuan; Li, Changsheng; Bita, Seraj published an article on February 1 ,2019. The article was titled 《Purification, structural analysis and mechanism of murine macrophage cell activation by sulfated polysaccharides from Cystoseira indica》, and you may find the article in Carbohydrate Polymers.Computed Properties of C6H12O6 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Sulfated polysaccharides were isolated and purified from the water extract of Cystoseira indica using DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow column to evaluate their structure and macrophage stimulating capacity. Crude and fractionated polysaccharides, CIF1 and CIF2, were mostly composed of neutral sugars (73.1%-78.6%) with relatively lower amounts of acidic sugars (1.3%-9.0%) and sulfate esters (6.9%-9.7%). The polymer chains of polysaccharides were mainly built of different levels of glucose (2.1%-30.8%), fucose (17.2%-24.4%), mannose (17.8%-20.6%) and galactose (16.7%-17.3%). The weight average mol. weight (Mw) of polysaccharides varied between 573.1 × 103 g/mol to 1146.6 × 103 g/mol. The CIF2 polysaccharide, as the most immunostimulating polysaccharide, remarkably induced the release of nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 from RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells through NF-κB and MAPKs transduction signaling pathways via cell surface TLR4. The interconnections of sugars in CIF2 polysaccharide were complex with (1→3)-fucopyranose, (1→2,3,4)-glucopyranose, (→1)-galactopyranose, (→1)-xylopyranose, (1→2)-rhamnopyranose and (1→2,3)-mannopyranose units being the most predominant residues. After reading the article, we found that the author used rel-(3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetraol(cas: 54-17-1Computed Properties of C6H12O6)

rel-(3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetraol(cas: 54-17-1) is oxidized in various tissues under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions through glycolysis; the oxidation reaction produces carbon dioxide, water, and ATP.Computed Properties of C6H12O6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2011,Chemistry – An Asian Journal included an article by Shi, Ce; Chien, Chih-Wei; Ojima, Iwao. Reference of (R)-3,3′-Di-tert-butyl-5,5′,6,6′-tetramethylbiphenyl-2,2′-diol. The article was titled 《Synthesis of Chiral Biphenol-Based Diphosphonite Ligands and their Application in Palladium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Asymmetric Allylic Amination Reactions》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A library of new 2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphinoyloxy)-1,1′-binaphthyl (binapo)-type chiral diphosphonite ligands was designed and synthesized based on chiral 3,3′,5,5′,6,6′-hexasubstituted biphenols. These bop ligands have exhibited excellent efficiency in a palladium-catalyzed intermol. allylic amination reaction, which provides a key intermediate for the total synthesis of Strychnos indole alkaloids with enantiopurities of up to 96 % ee. In addition to this study using (R)-3,3′-Di-tert-butyl-5,5′,6,6′-tetramethylbiphenyl-2,2′-diol, there are many other studies that have used (R)-3,3′-Di-tert-butyl-5,5′,6,6′-tetramethylbiphenyl-2,2′-diol(cas: 329735-68-4Reference of (R)-3,3′-Di-tert-butyl-5,5′,6,6′-tetramethylbiphenyl-2,2′-diol) was used in this study.

(R)-3,3′-Di-tert-butyl-5,5′,6,6′-tetramethylbiphenyl-2,2′-diol(cas: 329735-68-4) belongs to phenols. Phenols are more acidic than typical alcohols. The acidity of the hydroxyl group in phenols is commonly intermediate between that of aliphatic alcohols and carboxylic acids (their pKa is usually between 10 and 12).Reference of (R)-3,3′-Di-tert-butyl-5,5′,6,6′-tetramethylbiphenyl-2,2′-diol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Newar, Rajashree; Begum, Wahida; Antil, Neha; Shukla, Sakshi; Kumar, Ajay; Akhtar, Naved; Balendra; Manna, Kuntal published their research in Inorganic Chemistry on August 3 ,2020. The article was titled 《Single-Site Cobalt-Catalyst Ligated with Pyridylimine-Functionalized Metal-Organic Frameworks for Arene and Benzylic Borylation》.COA of Formula: C14H21BO2 The article contains the following contents:

A highly active single-site heterogeneous cobalt-catalyst is reported based on a porous and robust pyridylimine-functionalized metal-organic frameworks (pyrim-MOF) for chemoselective borylation of arene and benzylic C-H bonds. The pyrim-MOF having UiO-68 topol., constructed from zirconium-cluster secondary building units and pyridylimine-functionalized dicarboxylate bridging linkers, was metalated with CoCl2 followed by treatment of NaEt3BH to give the cobalt-functionalized MOF-catalyst (pyrim-MOF-Co). Pyrim-MOF-Co has a broad substrate scope, allowing the C-H borylation of halogen-, alkoxy-, alkyl-substituted arenes as well as heterocyclic ring systems using B2pin2 or HBpin (pin = pinacolate) as the borylating agent to afford the corresponding arene- or alkyl-boronate esters in good yields. Pyrim-MOF-Co gave a turnover number (TON) of up to 2500 and could be recycled and reused at least 9 times. Pyrim-MOF-Co was also significantly more robust and active than its homogeneous control, highlighting the beneficial effect of active-site isolation within the MOF framework that prevents intermol. decomposition The exptl. and computational studies suggested (pyrim•-)CoI(THF) as the active catalytic species within the MOF, which undergoes a mechanistic pathway of oxidative addition, turnover limiting σ-bond metathesis, followed by reductive elimination to afford the boronate ester. The pyridylimine-functionalized metal-organic framework (pyrim-MOF)-based single-site cobalt-catalyst is efficient for chemoselective borylation of arene and benzylic C-H bonds. The heterogeneous MOF-catalyst is significantly more robust and active than its homogeneous control, highlighting the beneficial effect of active-site isolation within the MOF framework that prevents intermol. decomposition In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 2-(3,4-Dimethylphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(cas: 401797-00-0COA of Formula: C14H21BO2)

2-(3,4-Dimethylphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(cas: 401797-00-0) belongs to hydroxy-containing compounds. Hydroxy-containing compounds engage in intermolecular hydrogen bonding increasing the electrostatic attraction between molecules and thus to higher boiling and melting points than found for compounds that lack this functional group. Organic compounds, which are often poorly soluble in water, become water-soluble when they contain two or more hydroxy groups, as illustrated by sugars and amino acid.COA of Formula: C14H21BO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The author of 《Construction of diverse C-S/C-Se bonds via nickel catalyzed reductive coupling employing thiosulfonates and a selenosulfonate under mild conditions》 were Liu, Yong; Xing, Shuya; Zhang, Jing; Liu, Wen; Xu, Yuenian; Zhang, Yan; Yang, Kefang; Yang, Lei; Jiang, Kezhi; Shao, Xinxin. And the article was published in Organic Chemistry Frontiers in 2022. COA of Formula: C12H20O6 The author mentioned the following in the article:

A nickel-catalyzed reductive cross coupling between organic iodides and thiosulfonates and a selenosulfonate under mild conditions was disclosed. This practical method provides a facile access to a series of unsym. thioethers with low catalyst loading, good functional group tolerance, and excellent chemo-selectivity. Notably, the synthetic applications of the approach feature scaling-up of reactions, late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals, and preparation of various useful targeted compounds, including sulfoximine, bipyridine, and vortioxetine. Primary mechanistic studies showed that a radical pathway was involved. Moreover, diverse C-S/C-Se bond formations were achieved under mild reaction conditions. The experimental process involved the reaction of ((3aS,5aR,8aR,8bS)-2,2,7,7-Tetramethyltetrahydro-3aH-bis([1,3]dioxolo)[4,5-b:4′,5′-d]pyran-3a-yl)methanol(cas: 20880-92-6COA of Formula: C12H20O6)

((3aS,5aR,8aR,8bS)-2,2,7,7-Tetramethyltetrahydro-3aH-bis([1,3]dioxolo)[4,5-b:4′,5′-d]pyran-3a-yl)methanol(cas: 20880-92-6) is a useful reactant for examining the effectiveness of sulfamate and sulfamide groups for the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase-​II (CA-​II)​. And it is used as chiral auxiliaries in Michael and Aldol addition reactions.COA of Formula: C12H20O6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2017,Mishra, Sanket J.; Ghosh, Suman; Stothert, Andrew R.; Dickey, Chad A.; Blagg, Brian S. J. published 《Transformation of the Non-Selective Aminocyclohexanol-Based Hsp90 Inhibitor into a Grp94-Seletive Scaffold》.ACS Chemical Biology published the findings.Application of 27489-62-9 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Glucose regulated protein 94 kDa, Grp94, is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localized isoform of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) that is responsible for the trafficking and maturation of toll-like receptors, Igs, and integrins. As a result, Grp94 has emerged as a therapeutic target to disrupt cellular communication, adhesion, and tumor proliferation, potentially with fewer side effects compared to pan-inhibitors of all Hsp90 isoforms. Although, the N-terminal ATP binding site is highly conserved among all four Hsp90 isoforms, recent cocrystal structures of Grp94 have revealed subtle differences between Grp94 and other Hsp90 isoforms that has been exploited for the development of Grp94-selective inhibitors. In the current study, a structure-based approach has been applied to a Grp94 nonselective compound, SNX 2112, which led to the development of 8j (ACO1), a Grp94-selective inhibitor that manifests ∼440 nM affinity and >200-fold selectivity against cytosolic Hsp90 isoforms. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, trans-4-Aminocyclohexanol(cas: 27489-62-9Application of 27489-62-9)

trans-4-Aminocyclohexanol(cas: 27489-62-9) belongs to anime. Amines characteristically form salts with acids; a hydrogen ion, H+, adds to the nitrogen. With the strong mineral acids (e.g., H2SO4, HNO3, and HCl), the reaction is vigorous. Salt formation is instantly reversed by strong bases such as NaOH. Neutral electrophiles (compounds attracted to regions of negative charge) also react with amines; alkyl halides (R′X) and analogous alkylating agents are important examples of electrophilic reagents.Application of 27489-62-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2018,Zhang, Qi; Wang, Bing; Liu, Jia-Qin; Fu, Yao; Wu, Yu-Cheng published 《Mechanistic Insights into Solvent and Ligand Dependency in Cu(I)-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation with gem-Diborylalkanes》.Journal of Organic Chemistry published the findings.Related Products of 78782-17-9 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The recent Cu-catalyzed allylic substitution reaction between gem-diborylalkane and allyl electrophiles shows intriguing solvent and ligand-controlled regioselectivity. The α-alkylation product was obtained in DMF solvent, while γ-alkylation product was obtained in dioxane solvent and the dioxane and NHC ligand situation. In the present study, d. functional theory calculations have been used to investigate the reaction mechanism and origin of the regioselectivity. For both dioxane and DMF, γ-alkylation undergoes successive oxidative addition (CH2Bpin trans to leaving group) and direct Cγ-C reductive elimination. The α-alkylation is found to undergo oxidative addition (CH2Bpin trans to leaving group), isomerization, and Cα-C reductive elimination rather than the previously proposed oxidative addition (-CH2Bpin cis to the leaving group) and Cα-C reductive elimination. The γ-alkylation and α-alkylation is, resp., favorable for dioxane and DMF solvent, which is consistent with the γ- and α-selectivity in experiment The solvent interferes the isomerization step, thereby affects the relative facility of the α- and γ-alkylation. Further investigation shows that η1-intermediate formation promoted by solvent is the rate-determining step of the isomerization. The stronger electron-donating ability of DMF than dioxane facilitates the η1-intermediate formation and finally results in the easier isomerization in DMF. For dioxane and NHC situation, in the presence of neutral NHC ligand, the -PO4Et2 group tightly coordinates with the Cu center after the oxidative addition, preventing the isomerization process. The regioselectivity is determined by the relative facility of the oxidative addition step. Therefore, the favorable oxidative addition (in which -CH2Bpin trans to the leaving group) results in the facility of γ-alkylation.Bis[(pinacolato)boryl]methane(cas: 78782-17-9Related Products of 78782-17-9) was used in this study.

Bis[(pinacolato)boryl]methane(cas: 78782-17-9) belongs to organoboron compounds. Organoboron compounds have been a cornerstone of synthetic transformations for decades. Areas such as boron-containing catalysts, metalate chemistry, photoredox methods, and boryl anions have brought significant new developments in understanding and provided new reactivity upon.Related Products of 78782-17-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2019,Journal of Organic Chemistry included an article by Ma, Xiantao; Yu, Jing; Yan, Ran; Yan, Mengli; Xu, Qing. Recommanded Product: 3-Pyridinemethanol. The article was titled 《Promoting Effect of Crystal Water Leading to Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Heteroaryl Thioether from Heteroaryl Chloride, Sodium Thiosulfate Pentahydrate, and Alcohol》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

It is observed the crystal water in sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (Na2S2O3·5H2O) can promote its multicomponent reaction with heteroaryl chlorides and alcs., providing a facile, green, and specific synthesis of unsym. heteroaryl thioethers via one-step formation of two C-S bonds under catalyst-, additive-, and solvent-free conditions. Mechanistic studies suggest that the crystal water in Na2S2O3·5H2O is crucial in generating the key thiol intermediates and byproduct NaHSO4, which then catalyzes the dehydrative substitution of alcs. with thiols to afford thioethers. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 3-Pyridinemethanol(cas: 100-55-0Recommanded Product: 3-Pyridinemethanol)

3-Pyridinemethanol(cas: 100-55-0) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine is widely used in the precursor to agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Also, it is used as an important reagent and organic solvent.Recommanded Product: 3-Pyridinemethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2019,Polymer International included an article by Qiao, Zhuangzhuang; Xu, Deqiu; Yao, Yan; Song, Shaomin; Yin, Meihui; Luo, Jianbin. Recommanded Product: 534-03-2. The article was titled 《Synthesis and antifouling activities of fluorinated polyurethanes》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A series of fluorinated polyurethanes (FPUs) with various contents of fluorinated chain extender (EF) and the same amount of poly(oxytetramethylene glycol) and diphenylmethanediisocyanate were synthesized to explore the relationship between the surface physicochem. properties and bulk microphase separation structures of these FPUs and their antifouling activities against model bacteria and platelets. The bulk microphase separation of FPUs increased with the amount of incorporated EF. It was found that the surfaces of all FPUs were saturated by a layer of fluorocarbon chains which resulted in similar chem. composition and wetting activities for the three kinds of FPUs. The FPUs with lower or similar microphase separation compared with non-fluorinated polyurethane chain-extended with 1,4-butanediol showed similar or even increased adhesion of bacteria and platelets. Notably, FPU with a higher degree of microphase separation than non-fluorinated polyurethane displayed excellent antifouling activities against both model bacteria and blood platelets. It is therefore concluded that the increased microphase separation of the FPUs results in enhanced antifouling properties. © 2019 Society of Chem. Industry. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 2-Aminopropane-1,3-diol(cas: 534-03-2Recommanded Product: 534-03-2)

2-Aminopropane-1,3-diol(cas: 534-03-2) belongs to anime. Examples of direct uses of amines and their salts are as corrosion inhibitors in boilers and in lubricating oils (morpholine), as antioxidants for rubber and roofing asphalt (diarylamines), as stabilizers for cellulose nitrate explosives (diphenylamine), as protectants against damage from gamma radiation (diarylamines), as developers in photography (aromatic diamines), as flotation agents in mining, as anticling and waterproofing agents for textiles, as fabric softeners, in paper coating, and for solubilizing herbicides.Recommanded Product: 534-03-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2019,Arabian Journal of Chemistry included an article by Maddila, S.; Abafe, O. A.; Bandaru, H. N.; Maddila, S. N.; Lavanya, P.; Seshadri, Nuthangi; Jonnalagadda, S. B.. Name: 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde. The article was titled 《V-CaHAp as a recyclable catalyst for the green multicomponent synthesis of benzochromenes》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A simple and efficient one-pot method has been developed for the synthesis of benzochromenes I [R = 2-Cl, 4-CH3CH2, 2,5-(OCH3)2, etc.], using V-CaHAp as a heterogeneous catalyst by the condensation of aldehydes RC6H4CHO, β-naphthol and malononitrile in ethanol as solvent at room temperature for 20 min. The reaction, with this catalyst is carried out under mild reaction conditions with very good to excellent yields (89-98%). The material can be recycled very easily and reused for at least 6 runs without substantial loss in activity, which makes this methodol. environmentally benign. A feasible and cost-effective synthesis by using non-toxic materials and minimal catalyst, which is easy to handle has been achieved. In addition to this study using 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde, there are many other studies that have used 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde(cas: 100-83-4Name: 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde) was used in this study.

3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde(cas: 100-83-4) can be used as a reactant along with ethyl acetoacetate and thiourea in the synthesis of corresponding dihydropyrimidine-2-thione (monastrol), using Yb(OTf)3 as a catalyst by Biginelli cyclocondensation reaction.Name: 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts