Month: October 2022

Leal, Angela C. G. B.; Correa, Marcelo P.; Holick, Michael F.; Melo, Enaldo V.; Lazaretti-Castro, Marise published the artcile< Sun-induced production of vitamin D3 throughout 1 year in tropical and subtropical regions: relationship with latitude, cloudiness, UV-B exposure and solar zenith angle>, SDS of cas: 434-16-2, the main research area is cholecalciferol sun tropical subtropical region latitude UVBexposure zenithangle; Latitude; Photoconversion; Solar zenith angle; Sunlight; UV-B; Vitamin D.

This study evaluated the differences in vitamin D3 synthesis in two different latitudes throughout 1 yr using an in vitro model, which simulates cutaneous vitamin D photoproduction Borosilicate ampoules containing 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) were exposed to sunlight hourly throughout the daylight hours, 1 day per mo for a year, in Fortaleza (latitude 03° 43′ 01″” S-LAT3° S) and Sao Paulo (latitude 23° 32′ 53″” S-LAT23° S). Later, vitamin D3 and photoisomers of 7-DHC (tachysterol and lumisterol) were measured by a high-performance liquid chromatog. system (HPLC). Vitamin D synthesis weighted UV radiation (UVBVitD) and solar zenith angle (SZA) were calculated during the same periods for both latitudes. Vitamin D3 synthesis occurred throughout the year in both locations, as expected in latitudes lower than 35°. Median of photoconversion to vitamin D3 through the year was higher in LAT3°S [median (IQR): LAT 3°S 4.1% (6.0); LAT 23°S 2.9% (4.5); p value = 0.020]. Vitamin D3 production strongly correlated with UV-B (LAT3° S, r = 0.917; p < 0.0001 and at LAT23° S, r = 0.879; p < 0.0001) and SZA (LAT3° S, r = - 0.924; p < 0.0001 and in LAT23°S, r = - 0.808; p < 0.0001). Vitamin D3 production starts later in LAT23° S, especially in winter. Lowest percentages were observed in June in both cities, although, compared to LAT3° S, in LAT 23° S the conversion was over 50% lower in the winter period. Cloudiness impaired photoproduction of Vitamin D3 even in summer months in both latitudes. Our results provide data to help guide medical recommendations for sensible sun exposure to promote the cutaneous production of vitamin D3 at different latitudes, seasonality, time of day and cloudiness status in Brazil. Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences published new progress about Ampuls. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, SDS of cas: 434-16-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Krishnan, Nithiyanandan; Perumal, Devanathan; Atchimnaidu, Siriki; Harikrishnan, Kaloor S.; Golla, Murali; Kumar, Nilima Manoj; Kalathil, Jemshiya; Krishna, Jithu; Vijayan, Dileep K.; Varghese, Reji published the artcile< Galactose-Grafted 2D Nanosheets from the Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Janus Dendrimers for the Capture and Agglutination of Escherichia coli>, Related Products of 4064-06-6, the main research area is galactose grafted 2D nanosheet selfassembly Janus dendrimer Escherichia agglutination; 2D materials; amphiphiles; bacterial capture; fluorescence; self-assembly.

High aspect ratio, sugar-decorated 2D nanosheets are ideal candidates for the capture and agglutination of bacteria. Herein, the design and synthesis of two carbohydrate-based Janus amphiphiles that spontaneously self-assemble into high aspect ratio 2D sheets are reported. The unique structural features of the sheets include the extremely high aspect ratio and dense display of galactose on the surface. These structural characteristics allow the sheet to act as a supramol. 2D platform for the capture and agglutination of E. coli through specific multivalent noncovalent interactions, which significantly reduces the mobility of the bacteria and leads to the inhibition of their proliferation. Our results suggest that the design strategy demonstrated here can be applied as a general approach for the crafting of biomol.-decorated 2D nanosheets, which can perform as 2D platforms for their interaction with specific targets.

Chemistry – A European Journal published new progress about Agglutination. 4064-06-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C12H20O6, Related Products of 4064-06-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Umeyama, Tomokazu; Igarashi, Kensho; Sasada, Daiki; Ishida, Keiichi; Koganezawa, Tomoyuki; Ohtani, Shunsuke; Tanaka, Kazuo; Imahori, Hiroshi published the artcile< Efficient Exciton Diffusion in Micrometer-Sized Domains of Nanographene-Based Nonfullerene Acceptors with Long Exciton Lifetimes in Blend Films with Conjugated Polymer>, Name: 2-Ethylhexan-1-ol, the main research area is exciton diffusion nanographene nonfullerene acceptor blend film conjugated polymer; exciton diffusion; nonfullerene acceptors; organic photovoltaics; phase separation; side chain; singlet exciton lifetime; thienoazacoronene.

Phase-separated structures in photoactive layers composed of electron donors and acceptors in organic photovoltaics (OPVs) generally exert a profound impact on the device performance. Nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) where a heteronanographene central core was furnished with branched alkoxy chains of different lengths, TACIC-EH, TACIC-BO, and TACIC-HD, were prepared to adjust the aggregation tendency and systematically probe the relations of film structures with photophys. and photovoltaic properties. The side-chain length showed negligible effects on the absorption properties and energy levels of TACICs. Regardless of the chain length, all TACIC films exhibited characteristically long singlet exciton lifetimes (1330-2330 ps) compared to those in solution (≤220 ps). Using a conjugated polymer donor, PBDB-T, the best OPV performance was achieved with TACIC-BO that contained medium-length chains, exhibiting a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.92%. TACIC-HD with the longest chains showed deteriorated electron mobility due to the long insulating alkoxy groups. The PBDB-T:TACIC-HD-based device revealed a low charge collection efficiency and PCE (8.21%) relative to the PBDB-T:TACIC-BO-based device, but their film morphols. were analogous. TACIC-EH with the shortest chains showed low solubility and formed μm-sized large aggregates in the blend film with PBDB-T. Although the charge collection efficiency of PBDB-T:TACIC-EH was lower than that of PBDB-T:TACIC-BO, the efficiencies of exciton diffusion to the donor-acceptor interface were sufficiently high (>98%) owing to the elongated singlet exciton lifetime of TACIC-EH. The PCE of the PBDB-T:TACIC-EH-based device remained moderate (7.10%). Therefore, TACICs with the long singlet exciton lifetimes in the films provide a clear guideline for NFAs with low sensitivity of OPV device performance to the blend film structures, which is advantageous for large-scale OPV production with high reproducibility.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces published new progress about Atomic force microscopy. 104-76-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Name: 2-Ethylhexan-1-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Jimenez, Isabel A.; Makowski, Andrew J.; Scanlon, Lisa M.; Childs-Sanford, Sara E. published the artcile< Cutaneous concentrations of 7-dehydrocholesterol in Hoffmann′s two-toed sloths (Choloepus hoffmanni) in managed care>, Related Products of 434-16-2, the main research area is dehydrocholesterol cutaneous concentration Hoffmann sloth photobiosynthesis vitamin calcium homeostasis; calcium homeostasis; photobiosynthesis; previtamin D3; vitamin D3.

Hoffmann′s two-toed sloths (Choloepus hoffmanni) are unique animals popular in zool. settings. The role of vitamin D in the maintenance of calcium homeostasis in this species is unexplored, although disorders of calcium homeostasis have been reported in managed sloths, including urolithiasis and soft tissue mineralization. This study assessed cutaneous concentrations of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) in nine indoor-housed Hoffmann′s two-toed sloths, as a means of evaluating the potential for cutaneous photobiosynthesis of vitamin D3. Samples were obtained from both abdominal and lumbar regions of the skin to assess for regional variation in 7-DHC concentration The average concentration of 7-DHC in the sloth skin was low (0.197 ± 0.02 nmol/cm2). Location had a significant effect on 7-DHC level only when concentrations were expressed based on the wet weight of the sample (ng/g), but levels were similar when values were normalized to biopsy surface area (nmol/cm2).

Zoo Biology published new progress about Biopsy. 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Related Products of 434-16-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Otterbach, Sophie L.; Khoury, Holly; Rupasinghe, Thusitha; Mendis, Himasha; Kwan, Kim H.; Lui, Veronica; Natera, Siria H. A.; Klaiber, Iris; Allen, Nathaniel M.; Jarvis, David E.; Tester, Mark; Roessner, Ute; Schmockel, Sandra M. published the artcile< Characterization of epidermal bladder cells in Chenopodium quinoa>, Recommanded Product: D-Glucosaccharic acid, the main research area is characterization epidermal bladder cell Chenopodium quinoa; Chenopodium quinoa; EBC; abiotic stress; epidermal bladder cells; lipidomics; metabolomics.

Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa) is considered a superfood with its favorable nutrient composition and being gluten free. Quinoa has high tolerance to abiotic stresses, such as salinity, water deficit (drought) and cold. The tolerance mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. Quinoa has epidermal bladder cells (EBCs) that densely cover the shoot surface, particularly the younger parts of the plant. Here, we report on the EBC’s primary and secondary metabolomes, as well as the lipidome in control conditions and in response to abiotic stresses. EBCs were isolated from plants after cold, heat, high-light, water deficit and salt treatments. We used untargeted gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to analyze metabolites and untargeted and targeted liquid chromatog.-MS (LC-MS) for lipids and secondary metabolite analyses. We identified 64 primary metabolites, including sugars, organic acids and amino acids, 19 secondary metabolites, including phenolic compounds, betanin and saponins and 240 lipids categorized in five groups including glycerolipids and phospholipids. We found only few changes in the metabolic composition of EBCs in response to abiotic stresses; these were metabolites related with heat, cold and high-light treatments but not salt stress. Na+ concentrations were low in EBCs with all treatments and approx. two orders of magnitude lower than K+ concentrations

Plant, Cell & Environment published new progress about Chenopodium quinoa. 87-73-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H10O8, Recommanded Product: D-Glucosaccharic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhang, Jixian; Wen, Chaoting; Gu, Jinyan; Ji, Chenchen; Duan, Yuqing; Zhang, Haihui published the artcile< Effects of subcritical water extraction microenvironment on the structure and biological activities of polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes>, Quality Control of 3458-28-4, the main research area is Lentinus polysaccharide structure subcritical water extraction microenvironment antioxidant antitumor; Biological activities; Microenvironment; Polysaccharides; Structure; Subcritical water.

In the present study, we investigated the effects of subcritical water microenvironment on the structure and biol. activities of polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes. The results showed that, under different SWE conditions (100-150°C for 15 min, and 150°C for 10-30 min), all the polysaccharides were heteropolysaccharides and consisted of glucose, mannose and galactose with different molar ratios. In addition, FT-IR results showed that all samples were typical β-pyranose and protein-free polysaccharides. Moreover, Congo red staining and at. force microscope (AFM) analyses showed that when the temperature was above 150°C for 15 min, the triple-helix structure no longer existed. Furthermore, various polysaccharides had varying degrees of inhibitory effect on HepG2 cells and MCF-7 cells in vitro. These findings indicated that subcritical water microenvironment has an extremely important effect on the structure and bioactivities of polysaccharides. The polysaccharides may be extracted more effectively by changing the subcritical water microenvironment.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Acid hydrolysis. 3458-28-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Quality Control of 3458-28-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ghosh, Titli; Mukherji, Ananya; Kancharla, Pavan K. published the artcile< Sterically Hindered 2,4,6-Tri-tert-butylpyridinium Salts as Single Hydrogen Bond Donors for Highly Stereoselective Glycosylation Reactions of Glycals>, Product Details of C12H20O6, the main research area is oligosaccharide preparation sterically hindered butylpyridinium catalyst stereoselective glycosylation glycal.

We demonstrate here that the strained and bulky protonated 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylpyridine salts serve as efficient catalysts for highly stereoselective glycosylations of various glycals. Moreover, the mechanism of action involves an interesting single hydrogen bond mediated protonation of glycals and not via the generally conceived Bronsted acid pathway. The counteranions also play a role in the outcome of the reaction.

Organic Letters published new progress about Glycals Role: RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation). 4064-06-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C12H20O6, Product Details of C12H20O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Qiu, Qianfeng; Yang, Sirun; Gerkman, Mihael A.; Fu, Heyifei; Aprahamian, Ivan; Han, Grace G. D. published the artcile< Photon Energy Storage in Strained Cyclic Hydrazones: Emerging Molecular Solar Thermal Energy Storage Compounds>, Computed Properties of 104-76-7, the main research area is photon energy storage strained cyclic hydrazones; mol solar thermal energy storage compound.

The generally small Gibbs free energy difference between the Z and E isomers of hydrazone photoswitches has so far precluded their use in photon energy storing applications. Here, we report on a series of cyclic and acyclic hydrazones, which possess varied degrees of ring strain and, hence, stability of E isomers. The photoinduced isomerization and concurrent phase transition of the cyclic hydrazones from a crystalline to a liquid phase result in the storage of a large quantity of energy, comparable to that of azobenzene derivatives We demonstrate that the macrocyclic photochrome design in combination with phase transition is a promising strategy for mol. solar thermal energy storage applications.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about Energy storage (solar). 104-76-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Computed Properties of 104-76-7.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Meng, Genyi; Guo, Taijie; Ma, Tiancheng; Zhang, Jiong; Shen, Yucheng; Sharpless, Karl Barry; Dong, Jiajia published the artcile< Modular click chemistry libraries for functional screens using a diazotizing reagent>, SDS of cas: 6850-39-1, the main research area is alkyl aryl azide triazole chemoselective preparation; fluorosulfonyl azide generation chemoselective diazotization primary amine; combinatorial generation library alkyl aryl azide cycloaddition alkyne; functional screen click chem azide generated in situ.

Alkyl and aryl azides were prepared from the corresponding primary alkyl and aryl amines by reaction with fluorosulfonyl azide generated in situ from a fluorosulfonylimidazolium triflate and sodium azide, expanding access to azides and both to the 1,2,3-triazoles derived from them and to functional screens employing them. The method allowed the preparation of a library of >1000 azides from the corresponding amines; the azide library underwent copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions to yield a library of >1000 1,2,3-triazoles.

Nature (London, United Kingdom) published new progress about Alkyl azides Role: CMB (Combinatorial Study), RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation). 6850-39-1 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H13NO, SDS of cas: 6850-39-1.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Houben, Tom; Yadati, Tulasi; de Kruijf, Robbin; Gijbels, Marion J. J.; Luiken, Joost J. F. P.; van Zandvoort, Marc; Kapsokalyvas, Dimitris; Luetjohann, Dieter; Westerterp, Marit; Plat, Jogchum; Leake, David; Shiri-Sverdlov, Ronit published the artcile< Pro-inflammatory implications of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin treatment>, Synthetic Route of 434-16-2, the main research area is proinflammatory hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin treatment; 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; cholesterol; hepatic inflammation; macrophage; metabolic inflammation.

Lifestyle- and genetically induced disorders related to disturbances in cholesterol metabolism have shown the detrimental impact of excessive cholesterol levels on a plethora of pathol. processes such as inflammation. In this context, two-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (CD) is increasingly considered as a novel pharmacol. compound to decrease cellular cholesterol levels due to its ability to increase cholesterol solubility However, recent findings have reported contra-indicating events after the use of CD questioning the clin. applicability of this compound Given its potential as a therapeutic compound in metabolic inflammatory diseases, in this study, we evaluated the inflammatory effects of CD administration in the context of cholesterol-induced metabolic inflammation in vivo and in vitro. The inflammatory and cholesterol-depleting effects of CD were first investigated in low-d. lipoprotein receptor knockout (Ldlr-/) mice that were transplanted with Npc1nih or Npc1wt bone marrow and were fed either regular chow or a high-fat, high-cholesterol (HFC) diet for 12 wk, thereby creating an extreme model of lysosomal cholesterol-induced metabolic inflammation. In the final three weeks, these mice received daily injections of either control (saline) or CD s.c. Subsequently, the inflammatory properties of CD were investigated in vitro in two macrophage cell lines and in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). While CD administration improved cholesterol mobilization outside lysosomes in BMDMs, an overall pro-inflammatory profile was observed after CD treatment, evidenced by increased hepatic inflammation in vivo and a strong increase in cytokine release and inflammatory gene expression in vitro in murine BMDMs and macrophages cell lines. Nevertheless, this CD-induced pro-inflammatory profile was time-dependent, as short term exposure to CD did not result in a pro-inflammatory response in BMDM. While CD exerts desired cholesterol-depleting effects, its inflammatory effect is dependent on the exposure time. As such, using CD in the clinic, especially in a metabolic inflammatory context, should be closely monitored as it may lead to undesired, pro-inflammatory side effects.

Frontiers in Immunology published new progress about Animal gene, CCL2 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 434-16-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C27H44O, Synthetic Route of 434-16-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts