Month: October 2022

Mattocks, A. R.; Driver, H. Elizabeth published the artcile< A comparison of the pneumotoxicity of some pyrrolic esters and similar compounds analogous to pyrrolizidine alkaloid metabolites, given intravenously to rats>, Computed Properties of 52160-51-7, the main research area is pyrrole ester toxicity lung; heart pyrrole ester toxicity; liver pyrrole ester toxicity.

Toxic effects of 14 esters with chem. properties similar to those of pyrrolic pyrrolizidine alkaloid metabolites, were investigated in rats. The compounds were either mono- or bifunctional alkylating agents. When single doses were injected into a tail vein, the lungs were the main organ affected. All but 1 of the compounds tested caused pulmonary edema and congestion, accompanied by pleural effusion, and animals often died between 1 and 2 days after the injection. Smaller amounts of some of the esters caused a characteristic chronic lung lesion, with proliferation of alveolar tissue, resembling that produced by the pyrrolizidine alkaloids fulvine and monocrotaline. All the compounds which caused death associated with chronic lung damage were bifunctional alkylating agents. Very large doses, especially when injected rapidly, sometimes caused death within a few minutes. Thus, the ability to damage the lungs, and sometimes the heart, is a property of certain esters capable of alkylating tissues with which they come into contact, and is dependent on the chem. reactivity rather than the mol. structure of the compound Nevertheless the latter may play a part, as shown by the exceptionally high pneumotoxicity of an indole ester having a lipophilic structure with high affinity for tissue. Necrosis of the liver in some rats might be due to metabolites formed in the liver from the injected compounds or their decomposition products, rather than the active esters themselves.

Toxicology published new progress about Animal organ. 52160-51-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H9NO, Computed Properties of 52160-51-7.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Benny, Anju; Thomas, Jaya published the artcile< Essential Oils as Treatment Strategy for Alzheimer's Disease: Current and Future Perspectives>, Reference of 78-70-6, the main research area is review Salvia Melissa Alzheimers disease essential oil therapeutics linalool.

A review. Alzheimer’s disease is a multifarious neurodegenerative disease that causes cognitive impairment and gradual memory loss. Several hypotheses have been put forward to postulate its pathophysiol. Currently, few drugs are available for the management of Alzheimer’s disease and the treatment provides only symptomatic relief. Our aim is to review the relevant in vitro, in vivo, and clin. studies focused toward the potential uses of essential oils in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Scientific databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar from Apr. 1998 to June 2018 were explored to collect data. We have conducted wide search on various essential oils used in different models of Alzheimer’s disease. Out of 55 essential oils identified for Alzheimer’s intervention, 28 have been included in the present review. A short description of in vivostudies of 13 essential oils together with clin. trial data of Salvia officinalis, Salvia lavandulifolia, Melissa officinalis, Lavandula angustifolia, and Rosmarinus officinalishave been highlighted. In vitrostudies of remaining essential oils that possess antioxidant and anticholinesterase potential are also mentioned. Our literary survey revealed encouraging results regarding the various essential oils being studied in preclin. and clin. studies of Alzheimer’s disease with significant effects in modulating the pathol. through anti-amyloid, antioxidants, anticholinesterase, and memory-enhancement activity.

Planta Medica published new progress about Alzheimer disease. 78-70-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Reference of 78-70-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Xu, Yanqun; Tong, Zhichao; Zhang, Xing; Wang, Youyong; Fang, Weiguo; Li, Li; Luo, Zisheng published the artcile< Unveiling the Mechanisms for the Plant Volatile Organic Compound Linalool To Control Gray Mold on Strawberry Fruits>, Application of C10H18O, the main research area is linalool Botrytis gray mold strawberry volatile substance mitochondrial disfunction; ATP production; linalool; mitochondrial membranes; oxidative stress; strawberry; volatiles.

Fungal infections significantly alter the emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by plants, but the mechanisms for VOCs affecting fungal infections of plants remain largely unknown. Here, we found that infection by Botrytis cinerea upregulated linalool production by strawberries and fumigation with linalool was able to inhibit the infection of fruits by the fungus. Linalool treatment downregulated the expression of rate-limiting enzymes in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway, and this reduced the ergosterol content in the fungi cell membrane and impaired membrane integrity. Linalool treatment also caused damage to mitochondrial membranes by collapsing mitochondrial membrane potential and also downregulated genes involved in ATP production, resulting in a significant decrease in the ATP content. Linalool treatment increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), in response to which the treated fungal cells produced more of the ROS scavenger pyruvate. RNA-Seq and proteomic anal. data showed that linalool treatment slowed the rates of transcription and translation.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry published new progress about Botrytis cinerea. 78-70-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Application of C10H18O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Eriksson, Alf; Nyholm, Leif published the artcile< A comparison of the electrochemical properties of some azosalicylic acids at glassy carbon electrodes by cyclic and hydrodynamic voltammetry>, Product Details of C14H8N2Na2O6, the main research area is azo salicylic acid glassy carbon electrode cyclic hydrodynamic voltammetry; electrochem reduction azo salicylic acid glassy carbon electrode 21345678; oxidation electrochem azo salicylic acid glassy carbon electrode 21345678.

The electrochem. properties of a number of azosalicylic acid derivatives were compared at glassy carbon electrodes using cyclic and hydrodynamic voltammetry. The reduction of all studied compounds, except one, is irreversible giving rise to disruption of the azo bridge and formation of the corresponding amines. The rate of cleavage of the azo bridge depended on the position of the hydroxy substituents on the aromatic rings of the azosalicylic compounds A reoxidation wave, most likely due to the oxidation of a hydrazo intermediate, was observed for compounds with either only one hydroxyl group, or hydroxyl groups in the meta-para or meta-meta positions relative to the azo bridge. The oxidation of the azosalicylic compounds with no, or only one, hydroxy group in the para position was generally found to be irreversible yielding poorly defined oxidation waves. Azosalicylic acids with two hydroxy groups, either in the para position of both rings or in the ortho position of one ring and para position of the other, gave rise to well defined oxidation peaks at significantly less pos. potentials. For the compounds with the hydroxyl groups in the para position of both rings, reredn. waves were also seen on the return scan, indicating that the oxidation products were stable on the voltammetric time scale.

Electrochimica Acta published new progress about Amines Role: FMU (Formation, Unclassified), PRP (Properties), FORM (Formation, Nonpreparative). 6054-98-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H8N2Na2O6, Product Details of C14H8N2Na2O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Jia; Chen, Xiaoyan; Hu, Youhong; Cheng, Gang; Zhong, Dafang published the artcile< Quantification of the major metabolites of bromhexine in human plasma using RRLC-MS/MS and its application to pharmacokinetics>, Formula: C6H13NO, the main research area is bromhexine metabolite blood analysis liquid chromatog mass spectrometry pharmacokinetics.

(E)-4-hydroxydemethylbromhexine (E-4-HDMB) and (E)-3-hydroxydemethylbromhexine (E-3-HDMB) were found as major metabolites, while (Z)-4-hydroxydemethylbromhexine and (Z)-3-hydroxydemethylbromhexine as minor metabolites of bromhexine in human plasma. These compounds were identified in comparison with synthetic authentic samples. A sensitive and selective rapid resolution liquid chromatog. tandem mass spectrometry (RRLC-MS/MS) method was developed to quantify the concentration of bromhexine and its two major metabolites (E-4-HDMB and E-3-HDMB) in human plasma. Following solid phase extraction, the analytes were separated on a Zorbax 1.8 μm particle size reversed-phase C18 column, using a gradient elution program with solvents consisting of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in 5 mM ammonium acetate at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. Detection was carried out with an Agilent 6460 triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer operated with an electrospray ionization source mode operated in the pos. ion mode. The recovery of bromhexine, E-4-HDMB, E-3-HDMB, and internal standard (IS) was 63.1-70.9%, 60.5-68.4%, 57.0-63.5%, and 87.8%, resp. The matrix factors of bromhexine, E-4-HDMB, E-3-HDMB, and IS were 89.9-96.7%, 89.6-94.8%, 90.4-91.4%, and 103%, resp. After an oral administration of 8.0 mg bromhexine to five healthy male subjects, AUC0-24 h values of bromhexine, E-4-HDMB, and E-3-HDMB were found to be 93.5 ± 31.9, 34.0 ± 14.5, and 15.8 ± 6.89 ng h/mL, resp.; while C max values were 24.6 ± 5.16, 3.11 ± 1.13, and 5.36 ± 2.55 ng/mL, resp. Plasma concentration of bromhexine, E-4-HDMB, and E-3-HDMB declined with t 1/2 which gave 3.6 ± 0.5, 8.4 ± 2.7, and 6.4 ± 2.5 h, resp.

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis published new progress about Blood analysis. 6850-39-1 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H13NO, Formula: C6H13NO.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Timelthaler, Daniel; Topf, Christoph published the artcile< Chromium-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of aromatic aldehydes facilitated by a simple metal carbonyl complex>, SDS of cas: 10602-04-7, the main research area is aryl aldehyde transfer hydrogenation chromium metal carbonyl complex; alc preparation.

Authors communicate a simple method for the transfer hydrogenation of aromatic aldehydes in i-PrOH effected by the cost-effective and easy-to-handle [Cr(CO)6]. The reactions are readily carried in Ar-flushed tubes without further need of special equipment. Functional groups are widely tolerated and, if desired, the catalytic transformations can be further promoted through the addition of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). This paves the way for processing thermo-labile substrates under mild reaction conditions. In addition, the introduced method is suitable for the deuteration of benzyl alc. derivatives

Journal of Catalysis published new progress about Alcohols Role: SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 10602-04-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C9H8O, SDS of cas: 10602-04-7.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhong, Rui; Wei, Zeyuan; Zhang, Wei; Liu, Shun; Liu, Qiang published the artcile< A Practical and Stereoselective In Situ NHC-Cobalt Catalytic System for Hydrogenation of Ketones and Aldehydes>, Synthetic Route of 403-41-8, the main research area is cobalt complex catalyst preparation; secondary alc primary preparation diastereoselective; ketone hydrogenation cobalt catalyst; aldehyde hydrogenation cobalt catalyst.

Herein, a practical in situ catalytic system generated by easily available pincer NHC precursors, CoCl2 and a base enabled efficient and high-yielding hydrogenation of a broad range of ketones and aldehydes (over 50 examples and a maximum turnover number [TON] of 2,610) to afford alcs. was reported. This was the first example of NHC-Co-catalyzed hydrogenation of C=O bonds using flexible pincer NHC ligands consisting of a N-H substructure. Diastereodivergent hydrogenation of substituted cyclohexanone derivatives was also realized by fine-tuning of the steric bulk of pincer NHC ligands. Addnl., a bis(NHCs)-Co complex was successfully isolated and fully characterized and it exhibited excellent catalytic activity that equals that of the in-situ-formed catalytic system.

Chem published new progress about Alcohols Role: PRP (Properties), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 403-41-8 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H9FO, Synthetic Route of 403-41-8.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kotena, Zahrabatoul Mosapour; Fattahi, Alireza published the artcile< Computational insight into networking H-bonds in open and cyclic forms of glucose>, Reference of 492-62-6, the main research area is glucose open cyclic form hydrogen bond acidity stabilization energy.

We have studied the intramol. H-bonds existing in cyclic and open forms of glucose using B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level, AIM, and NBO methods. The theor. results indicated that based on acidity values, (ΔHacid), glucose in the open form is more acidic than cyclic form. The acidity values for open and cyclic glucose (332 and 338 kcal/mol) exhibit significantly lower values (i.e., stronger acid) than the reported acidity values for α-/ss-anomers of D-glucopyranose and simple alcs. Because their conjugate bases are more stabilized through trifurcated and bifurcated intramol. H-bonds. AIM anal. showed normal H-bonds in the conjugate bases of open glucose (O-Glc), bifurcated, and normal H-bonds in the conjugate base of cyclic glucose. In the conjugate base of glucose, the O-H···O bonds are categorized as mostly electrostatic and strong, whereas multiple interactions including C-H···O, C-H···H-C (dihydrogen bonding), C-H···C-H, and C=O···H are categorized as weak H-bonds. The NBO results confirm that the O-H···O intramol. H-bonds should be the strongest among all H-bonds existing within glucose.

Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry published new progress about Acidity. 492-62-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Reference of 492-62-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Yulei; Huang, Zhidao; Huang, Zheng published the artcile< Catalyst as colour indicator for endpoint detection to enable selective alkyne trans-hydrogenation with ethanol>, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is trans alkene stereoselective preparation; internal alkyne ethanol trans hydrogenation iridium catalyst.

An iridium complex catalyzed semi-hydrogenation of internal alkynes using ethanol as hydrogen donor to afford E-alkenes and Et acetate was reported. Importantly, issues of over-reduction and stereoselection was successfully addressed by using a color change effect due to shift of catalyst resting states, thereby precisely detecting the endpoint of the reaction. This catalytic system was applicable to a wide variety of internal alkynes bearing many auxiliary functional groups, and its utility for synthesis of biol. relevant mols. was also demonstrated.

Nature Catalysis published new progress about Alkenes Role: SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 4064-06-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C12H20O6, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Mohamadi Alasti, Fariba; Asefi, Narmela; Maleki, Ramin; SeiiedlouHeris, Seiied Sadegh published the artcile< Investigating the flavor compounds in the cocoa powder production process>, Computed Properties of 78-70-6, the main research area is flavor cocoa powder potassium carbonate gas chromatog; mass spectrometry; Alkalization; cocoa powder; gas chromatography; roasting; volatile flavor compounds.

Flavor is one of the most important quality properties of cacao beans, playing a key role in the admissibility of cocoa products, such as cocoa powder. This study examined the industrial processes influencing the flavor of cacao beans. The Ivory Coast cacao beans were used after their alk. treatment with potassium carbonate (up to pH 7.5-8) and being roasted at 115-120°C for 60-70 min. The volatile components were extracted using Likens-Nickerson simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) apparatus The volatile compound profiles were identified by means of gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), as a result of which several compounds (alcs., carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones, esters, and pyrazines) were recognized. Alkalization and roasting were shown to be two important steps in the cacao beans processing that can affect the final cocoa powder flavor. In addition, pyrazines and esters were two major groups of flavor compounds formed during the roasting stage by the Maillard reaction. The percentage of 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine was detected in the cacao beans equal to 0.5%. After the liquor pressing stage, tetramethylpyrazine increased to its highest amount (3%) in cocoa powder. It was found that the cocoa powder contained 2.69% of tetramethylpyrazine, 3.22% iso-Bu benzoate, and 1.38% linalool. The highest percentage of increase in the mean amounts of 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, iso-Bu benzoate, and linalool were observed in the roasting stage, after which the percentages diminished.

Food Science & Nutrition (Hoboken, NJ, United States) published new progress about Alcohols Role: BUU (Biological Use, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study), USES (Uses). 78-70-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Computed Properties of 78-70-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts