Tag: M.W=150-200

Khokhar, Vaishali published the artcilePrototropic forms of hydroxy derivatives of naphthoic acid within deep eutectic solvents, Recommanded Product: 1-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, the publication is Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (2021), 23(15), 9096-9108, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are not only recognized as benign and inexpensive alternatives to ionic liquids, they offer a unique solvation milieu due to the varying H-bonding capabilities of their constituents. Proton-transfer involving a probe and its prototropic forms strongly depend on the H-bonding nature of the solubilizing media. The presence of prototropic forms of three probes, 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (1,2-HNA), 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (3,2-HNA), and 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (6,2-HNA) is investigated in two DESs, named ChCl:urea and ChCl:glycerol, constituted of H-bond acceptor choline chloride and different H-bond donors, urea and glycerol, resp., in a 1 : 2 mol ratio under ambient conditions. While 1,2-HNA and 3,2-HNA exhibit an intramol. H-bonding ability, 6,2-HNA does not. In contrast to common polar solvents, where the monoanionic emitting form of 1,2-HNA is also supported along with the neutral one, in both the DESs only the neutral emitting form exists. Addition of acid to the two DESs, resp., fail to generate the monocationic form of the probe. Addition of a base to ChCl:urea results in the generation of the monoanionic form; even a very high strength of the base fails to generate the monoanionic emitting form in ChCl:glycerol. Relatively higher H-bond donating acidity of ChCl:glycerol results in added hydroxyl getting involved in H-bonding with alc. functionalities of ChCl:glycerol leading to the absence of proton extraction to create the monoanionic form of the probe. Only the monoanionic emitting form of 3,2-HNA is present in ChCl:urea; in ChCl:glycerol, due to its higher H-bond donor acidity, the neutral emitting form is also detected. Addition of high strength of acid to ChCl:urea does result in formation of the neutral emitting form. Addition of an aqueous base results in the formation of the dianionic form of 3,2-HNA in ChCl:urea; however, in ChCl:glycerol, the added base fails to convert the neutral form of this probe to the monoanionic form as efficiently as that in ChCl:urea. The monoanionic (carboxylate) form of 6,2-HNA exits in ChCl:urea, whereas the neutral form is present in ChCl:glycerol due to its higher H-bond donating acidity. Addition of an acid can induce a shift in prototropic equilibrium towards the neutral form of 6,2-HNA in ChCl:urea; no change is observed in the behavior of this probe in ChCl:glycerol as the acid is added. Both the DESs support the dianionic form of 6,2-HNA in the presence of the base; the added base helps extract both -OH and -COOH protons of this probe. The H-bond donor component of the DES is clearly established to play a critical role in the prototropic behavior of the probe.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics published new progress about 86-48-6. 86-48-6 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Organic Pigment,Natural product, name is 1-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, and the molecular formula is C11H8O3, Recommanded Product: 1-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Traynham, J. G. published the artcileEffects of ring size on the reactions of cyclic olefins. Halohydrins from methylene cycloalkanes, Name: 2-Bromo-2-methylpropan-1-ol, the publication is Tetrahedron (1959), 165-72, database is CAplus.

cf. C.A. 51, 12835c. Addition of HOCl to methylene cycloalkanes, (CH₂)_n.C:CH₂ (I) (n = 3-6) gave mixtures of (CH₂)_n.C(OH)CH₂Cl (II) and (CH₂)_n.CClCH₂OH (III) with III predominating with n = 3 or 5. Addition of HOBr to I gave only (BrCH₂OH (IV) together with (HCHO (V) in amounts dependent on n. The appropriate 1-chloro-1-(chloromethyl)cycloalkane and an approx. equimolar amount of CaCO₃ in H₂O refluxed 6 hrs. gave 28-39% yields of authentic II. II with aqueous KOH gave the corresponding methylenecycloalkane oxide (VI), (H₂ (n, b.p./mm., n_D³⁰, and MR found given): 3, 90-2°/760, 1.4207, -; 4, 43-4°/62, 1.4290, 27.4; 5, 62-3°/37, 1.4470, -; 6, 84-5°/40, 1.4552, 36.5. VI (0.01-0.06 mole) dripped into 20 ml. concentrated HCl at below 5° and stirred 1 hr., poured onto ice, and the product extracted gave poor yields of III, giving immediate precipitates with alc. AgNO₃, but none with NaI in Me₂CO, reducing KMnO₄, giving neg. tests with Lucas reagent, showing no infrared absorption near 7.25 μ. VI treated with chilled 48% HBr and the mixture stirred 1 hr., neutralized with solid Na₂CO₃ and extracted with Et₂O, the washed and dried extract evaporated, and the residue distilled gave IV, forming an immediate precipitate with alc. AgNO₃, and giving neg. tests with Lucas reagent and with NaI in Me₂CO. IV (n = 4, 5, 6) refluxed 5-6 hrs. with 5M HCl gave good yields of V [n, b.p./mm., n_D²⁰, d₂₀, m.p. of semicarbazone (or 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone) given]: 4, 55-6°/36, 1.4343, 0.920, 123-4°; 5, 49.5°/10, 1.4490, 0.930, – (172-3°); 6, 45.5-46°/4, 1.4621, -, 154-5°. Except for preparation from VI (n = 3), the initial product mixtures contained appreciable amounts of V, estimated by infrared determination of the composition of the Et₂O extract residue, confirmed by fractional distillation (n, total % yield from HBr and VI, % IV and % V given): 4, 45, 65, 35; 5, 68, 95, 5; 7, 87, 68, 32. Cl and Br added with stirring to chilled aqueous suspensions of HgO and Ag₂SO₄, resp., and the approx. 1.8M solutions distilled at 40° in vacuo in the dark gave HOCl and HOBr solutions (exact. concentrations determined iodometrically). I (0.12 mole) in 200 ml. H₂O was stirred below 15° with addition of 20% excess cold HOCl or HOBr until the mixture no longer turned acidified starch-iodide paper blue and the process repeated until all acid solution was added, the mixture stirred 1 hr. and saturated with NaCl, the aqueous layer extracted with Et₂O and the combined organic product fractionated through a Vigreux column, the product components identified by comparison with authentic samples, and the product distributions estimated by comparison with known mixtures and results of fractional distillation Me₃CH (0.16 mole) with HOBr yielded 77% product containing 97% Me₂C(CH₂Br)OH, b₃₁ 66-6.5°, n_D²⁰ 1.4722, d₂₀ 1.451, and not more than 3% Me₂CBr-CH₂OH. The product distributions in hypohalous acid additions to I were tabulated (n, total % yield with HOCl, % III, % II, total % yield with HOBr, % IV and % V given): 3, 72, 60, 40, 78, 99, -; 4, 64, 41, 58, 67, 91, -; 5, 92, 67, 32, 89, 98, 2; 6, 86, 35, 64, 87, 87, 13. The phys. properties of authentic halohydrins were tabulated (halohydrin, n, b.p./mm., d₂₀, and n_D²⁰ given): II, 3, 56-60°/20, 1.135, 1.4688; III, 3, 69-70°/20, 1.154, 1.4760; II, 4, 57-8°/6, 1.143, 1.4841; III, 4, 62-3°/3, 1.182, 1.5036; II, 5, 54-5°/4, 1.127, 1.5024; III, 5, 53-4°/2, 1.113, 1.4905; II, 6, 56-8°/2, 1.118, 1.4997; III, 6, 70-1°/2, 1.128, 1.5114; IV, 3, 64-5°/10, 1.506, 1.5041; IV, 4, 45-6°/2, 1.463, 1.5126; IV, 5, 55-6°/2, – (m. 82.3°), -; IV, 6, 73-4°/3, 1.339, 1.5232. The results were discussed and an interpretation included.

Tetrahedron published new progress about 55376-31-3. 55376-31-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Polymerization Reagents,ATRP Initiators, name is 2-Bromo-2-methylpropan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C18H28B2O4, Name: 2-Bromo-2-methylpropan-1-ol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bredikhina, Z. A. published the artcileNew approach to nonracemic 1-alkylamino-3-aryloxypropan-2-ols belonging to β-blockers via cyclic sulfites, Application of 4-Morpholino-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-ol, the publication is Russian Chemical Bulletin (Translation of Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya) (2001), 50(3), 436-439, database is CAplus.

Nonracemic β-blockers, viz., (S)-propranolol and (S)-timolol, were prepared from (S)-glycidol in three steps consisting in the reaction with SOCl₂ followed by the reaction of the resulting (4S)-4-chloromethyl-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxathiolanes with the corresponding phenol and the final cleavage of (4R)-aryloxymethyl sulfites under the action of amines in DMF.

Russian Chemical Bulletin (Translation of Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya) published new progress about 30165-97-0. 30165-97-0 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Morpholine,Thiadiazole,Alcohol, name is 4-Morpholino-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-ol, and the molecular formula is C6H9N3O2S, Application of 4-Morpholino-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-ol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Penders-van Elk, Nathalie J. M. C. published the artcileCombined Effect of Temperature and pK_a on the Kinetics of Absorption of Carbon Dioxide in Aqueous Alkanolamine and Carbonate Solutions with Carbonic Anhydrase, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research (2016), 55(38), 10044-10054, database is CAplus.

In present work the absorption of carbon dioxide in aqueous N-methyldiethanolamine, N,N-dimethylethanolamine, and triisopropanolamine solutions with and without the enzyme carbonic anhydrase has been studied in a stirred cell reactor at temperatures varying between 278 and 313 K, at an alkanolamine concentration of 1 kmol m^-3 and carbonic anhydrase concentrations ranging from 0 to 2.4 kg m^-3, resp. The exptl. data from these experiments have been used to fit the obtained rate constant for the enzymic CO₂ hydration to the Bronsted relation: ln(k) = A(pK_a) + B + C/T. In addition to the carbon dioxide absorption in the three tertiary alkanolamines, the absorption of carbon dioxide in next three solvents had been studied: 0.3 kmol m^-3 potassium carbonate, 0.3 kmol m^-3 sodium carbonate, and 0.2 kmol m^-3 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol. The kinetics from these solvents are well predicted by the relation fitted to the data of the tertiary amines only.

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research published new progress about 122-20-3. 122-20-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Organic Pigment, name is Triisopropanolamine, and the molecular formula is C9H21NO3, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ri, Jin Hyok published the artcilePreparation of cement grinding aids based on alumina compounds, Formula: C9H21NO3, the publication is Madencilik (2020), 59(2), 123-129, database is CAplus.

When the cement grinding is performed in the ball mill, the grinding efficiency decreases due to the aggregation of the particles by the electrostatic phenomenon. Therefore, a lot of techniques for preventing agglomeration using various grinding aids have been introduced. In this study, for mineral grinding, the grinding aid composition including a water-soluble aluminate compound and the grinding method in which this grinding aid is used were described. Grinding aids based on aluminate-based compounds not only have high grinding efficiency but are also thermally stable as they are inorganic materials. Compared with the conventional grinding aids based on organic materials such as DEG and TIPA, even if the solid content is half contained, the grinding efficiency is similar and thus the cost can be reduced to half.

Madencilik published new progress about 122-20-3. 122-20-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Organic Pigment, name is Triisopropanolamine, and the molecular formula is C9H21NO3, Formula: C9H21NO3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Feng, Qiangqiang published the artcileModeling on interaction of different strains in 2-KGA mixed culture fermentation, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Huagong Xuebao (Chinese Edition) (2013), 64(7), 2520-2525, database is CAplus.

The interaction between Bacillus megaterium and Ketogulonicigenium vulgare was studied for 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2-KGA) mixed culture fermentation Bacillus megaterium might adjust its growth behavior by quorum sensing. Metabolites and autolysis substances of Bacillus megaterium were beneficial to overcoming the metabolic defects of Ketogulonicigenium vulgare and therefore accelerating the latter growth. Ketogulonicigenium vulgare released lysozyme to promote Bacillus megaterium autolysis. Bacillus megaterium autolysis released specific protease substances to enhance sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) which might increase the synthesis rate of 2-KGA. Based on such mechanisms, a kinetic model of 2-KGA mixed fermentation was established. Model validation was carried out with four sets of exptl. data under different cultivation conditions. The results demonstrated that the proposed model was able to well describe the growth of two bacteria and 2-KGA production

Huagong Xuebao (Chinese Edition) published new progress about 526-98-7. 526-98-7 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Sugar Units,Other Sugar Units, name is (3S,4R,5S)-3,4,5,6-Tetrahydroxy-2-oxohexanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C6H10O7, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Koremura, Mitsunobu published the artcileRelation between chemical structure and antimicrobial and insecticidal activities in organonitro compounds. I. Nitroalcohol derivatives, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Takamine Kenkyusho Nenpo (1961), 198-204, database is CAplus.

Compounds (23) including nitroparaffins, nitroalkyl alcs., dinitroparaffins, nitro Ph alcs., ω-nitroacetophenone, and diphenylnitroethane were synthesized and tested for their biol. activities. Most of the alkyl nitro compounds except dinitroparaffins were inactive against plant pathogens and insects, whereas among the α-phenyl-β-nitro alcs. tested, 1-phenyl-2-nitroethanol had high antimicrobial activities against plant pathogens such as Xanthomonas oryzae and Glomerella cingulata and had insecticidal activity against housefly. This tendency applied similarly to the ω-nitro-acetophenone derivatives, where insecticidal activity was lost. The biol. activities of Ph nitro compounds were very low except 1-phenyl-2-nitroethanol, which indicated a possible effect of the partition coefficient of the compound between H₂O and lipid on the biol. activity. It was presumed that the presence of the Ph radical was necessary for antimicrobial and insecticidal activities of the β-nitro compounds

Takamine Kenkyusho Nenpo published new progress about 528594-30-1. 528594-30-1 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Nitro Compound,Benzene,Phenol,Ether, name is 2-Methoxy-4-(2-nitroethyl)phenol, and the molecular formula is C9H11NO4, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Klunder, Janice M. published the artcileArenesulfonate derivatives of homochiral glycidol: versatile chiral building blocks for organic synthesis, COA of Formula: C6H9N3O2S, the publication is Journal of Organic Chemistry (1989), 54(6), 1295-304, database is CAplus.

The preparation of a series of crystalline arenesulfonate derivatives of enantiomerically enriched glycidol is described. The enhancement of optical purity by recrystallization was particularly successful for two of these derivatives, glycidyl tosylate and glycidyl 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate, which were obtained in 97% ee and 99% ee, resp. Very high regioselectivity was observed in the reactions of these compounds with a variety of nucleophiles, including aryl oxides, Et₂AlCN, organometallic reagents, and BH₃-NaBH₄. The application of this methodol. to the synthesis of homochiral β-adrenergic blocking agents and homochiral terminal epoxides is discussed.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 30165-97-0. 30165-97-0 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Morpholine,Thiadiazole,Alcohol, name is 4-Morpholino-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-ol, and the molecular formula is C6H9N3O2S, COA of Formula: C6H9N3O2S.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kimura, Kazue published the artcileFluorescence-Based High-Throughput Salt Screening, Formula: C11H8O3, the publication is Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Philadelphia, PA, United States) (2018), 107(7), 1870-1878, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The present study reports a high-throughput screening method for the salt formation of amine-containing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) based on fluorescence measurements. A free form amine API was alkynylated by a solid-vapor reaction using propargyl bromide, and a fluorescent compound was produced by a subsequent reaction using 9-azidomethylanthracene. In contrast, salts were inert to propargyl bromide; thus, no fluorescence was observed Samples for salt screening were prepared by grinding haloperidol with various counter acids, and these mixtures were derivatized in a 96-well microplate to determine whether the salt formation had occurred between haloperidol and the counter acids. Samples that turned into fluorescent and nonfluorescent were confirmed to be free form and salt form, resp., using powder X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. In conclusion, our method adequately functions as an indicator of the salt formation of amine APIs. Further, this method allows for the rapid evaluation of the salt formation of APIs using 96-well microplates without the need for special reagents or techniques; thus, it is valuable for the discovery of an optimal salt form of newly developed amine APIs in the pharmaceutical industry.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Philadelphia, PA, United States) published new progress about 86-48-6. 86-48-6 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Organic Pigment,Natural product, name is 1-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, and the molecular formula is C11H8O3, Formula: C11H8O3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kobenan, Koffi Christophe published the artcileChemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity, Cholinesterase Inhibitor and in Vitro Insecticidal Potentiality of Essential Oils of Lippia multiflora Moldenke and Eucalyptus globulus Labill. on the Main Carpophagous Pests of Cotton Plant in Ivory Coast, Application In Synthesis of 106-25-2, the publication is Chemistry & Biodiversity (2022), 19(4), e202100993, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The abusive and repeated use of synthetic chem. insecticides has proven to be harmful to human health and the viability of the cotton production system in Ivory Coast, so it is imperative to find alternatives. . Thus, the objective of this study was to study the chem. composition and biol. activity of essential oils of Lippia multiflora (Verbenaceae) and Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae) and to evaluate their insecticidal potential in the laboratory on three main pests of cotton. After essential oils extraction, their chem. composition was determined Also, antioxidant activity and cholinesterase inhibitor of essential oils were evaluated. After that, different concentrations of the two essential oils were prepared and applied by contact on groups of insects constituted by ten. The essential oil of L. multiflora was the most toxic for the three pests tested. Indeed, the lethal concentrations (LC50) were 1.74 %, 1.39 and 7.20 %, resp., on Pectinophora gossypiella, Thaumatotibia leucotreta and Helicoverpa armigera. In contrast, the values obtained with E. globulus essential oil were nine to two times greater (16.05 %, 10.23 % and 16.32 %, resp. on these pests). With respect to the chem. composition of the essential oils, E. globulus essential oil was the richest in oxygenated monoterpenes (65 %) with 1,8-cineole or eucalyptol as the majority compound (61.6 %). The essential oil of L. multiflora was distinguished by a lower proportion of oxygenated monoterpenes (44.3 %), but it contained more terpene elements (24 vs. 15 for the essential oil of E. globulus). The essential oils of L. multiflora and E. globulus also showed significant inhibition of acetyl (2.13 and 2.16 mg galantamine equivalent (GALAE)/g, resp.) and butyryl cholinesterase (4.03 and 3.61 mg GALAE, resp.). L. multiflora was differentiated by its good inactivation of tyrosinases (163.46 vs. 58.95 mg kojic acid equivalent (KAE)/g in E. globulus). Better antioxidant activity was observed with L. multiflora essential oil relative to DPPH (7.05±0.34 mg trolox equivalent (TE)/g). Biopesticides based on L. multiflora essential oil could be developed for the phytosanitary protection of cotton plant.

Chemistry & Biodiversity published new progress about 106-25-2. 106-25-2 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Natural product, name is cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-Octadien-1-Ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Application In Synthesis of 106-25-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts