Tag: M.W=100-200

Let’s face it, organic chemistry can seem difficult to learn. Especially from a beginner’s point of view. Like 124-76-5, Name is Isoborneol. In a document, author is Khuzin, Airat, introducing its new discovery. Application In Synthesis of Isoborneol.

Processes of structure formation and paste matrix hydration with multilayer carbon nanotubes additives

The creation of high-strength materials with targeted structure formation and hydration to obtain building composites with a given set of properties represents a relevant area of the modern construction sector. This paper investigates promising nanomodifying additives i.e. multilayer carbon nanotubes along with an effective method to obtain a comprehensive nanomodifying additive through pre-ultrasonic dispersion of MWCNT globules of varying dispersive capacity in an isopropyl alcohol medium. The comprehensive nanomodifying additive obtained is characterized by high stability as well as a uniform distribution of carbon nanotubes in the additive. The Structure software package developed by the authors was used to study the structure of paste matrix at the mesastructural level. The modification of paste matrix by means of the developed comprehensive nanostructure additive reduces the crack length index to 113% with the crack length ratio and the crack shape ratio going down to 61% and 34%, respectively. The increase in the strength and durability of the compositions modified by the developed comprehensive nanomodifying additive is due to a more complete filling of the intergranular void with newly formed structures in the form of C-S-H (I), tobermorite and gel phases which enhance the degree of packing and density of the composite under examination. However, the share of nano – and micropores goes up by 1.21 and 1.31 times, respectively, while the share of meso – and macropores decreases by 1.51 and 5.25 times.

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In an article, author is Jeong, Dawoon, once mentioned the application of 702-23-8, Formula: https://www.ambeed.com/products/702-23-8.html, Name is 2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)ethanol, molecular formula is C9H12O2, molecular weight is 152.19, MDL number is MFCD00002900, category is alcohols-buliding-blocks. Now introduce a scientific discovery about this category.

Insight into functionally active bacteria in nitrification following Na+ and Mg2+ exposure based on 16S rDNA and 16S rRNA sequencing

Despite increasing interests in osmoticmembrane bioreactors, the information regarding the bacterial toxicity effects of reversely transported drawsolute (RTDS) is limited. In this study, two representative draw solutes (NaCl and MgCl2) were used at different concentrations (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 g/L) to evaluate their toxicity in a continuous nitrifying bioreactor. Notably, Mg2+ selectively inhibited the activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), which decreased to 11.3% at 7.5 g-Mg2+/L. The rRNA-based analysis was more effective than the rDNA-based analysis to elucidate the relationship between active communities of nitrifying bacteria and the actual nitrifying performance. Nitrosomonas europaea, a representative AOB, was vulnerable to Mg2+ in comparison to Na+. In contrast, the dominant nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), Nitrobacter winogradskyi and Nitrolancea hollandica, maintained a relevant level of relative abundance for achieving nitrite oxidation after exposure to 10 g/L Na+ and Mg2+. This fundamental inhibition information of the draw solute can be applied to set the operational regime preventing the critical solute concentration in mixed liquor of nitrifying OMBRs. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Electric Literature of 42822-86-6, The transformation of simple hydrocarbons into more complex and valuable products via catalytic C–H bond functionalisation has revolutionised modern synthetic chemistry. 42822-86-6, Name is 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol, SMILES is OC1C(CCC(C1)C)C(O)(C)C, belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Kojcinovic, Aleksa, introduce new discover of the category.

Furfural hydrogenation, hydrodeoxygenation and etherification over MoO2 and MoO3: A combined experimental and theoretical study

Valorization of lignocellulosic biomass, particularly catalytic hydrotreatment of hemicellulose-based furfural (FUR), has been studied for the production of value-added chemicals. A three-phase batch reactor has been used for hydrotreatment in isopropanol over various commercially available unsupported MoOx catalysts, at various temperatures (170-230 degrees C), pressures (0-80 bar H-2), catalyst loadings (0-2 wt%), and reactant concentrations (5-20 wt%). No significant difference in catalytic activity or selectivity has been observed among the three different MoO3 and one MoO2 catalysts, while NiMo/Al2O3, Mo2C and WO3 were much less active. Data-points collected have been used to propose a detailed reaction pathway network for a micro-kinetic model, which also took into consideration the thermodynamics, and adsorption, desorption, and surface reaction kinetics. The alcoholysis of FUR yielded valuable isopropyl levulinate (IPL) as the major product under all tested reaction conditions, while other value-added compounds (furfuryl alcohol, isopropyl furfuryl ether, furfuryl acetone, angelica lactone) were observed in smaller quantities. It was found that neither the presence nor the absence of the gaseous H-2 pressure contributes to the global reaction rate, or selectivity, since the solvent acts as a sufficient hydrogen donor. Additionally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations provided further insight into the active planes present by the implementation of the Wulff construction. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism was explained based on reaction energies, which were in silico determined and compared for several surfaces. The results were consistent with the characterization and activity-testing results. The furfural ring-opening reaction, yielding valuable IPL in the absence of gaseous H-2, over a cheap bulk MoOx is reported for the first time.

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In an article, author is Drieskens, Sabine, once mentioned the application of 1777-82-8, Name is (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol, molecular formula is C7H6Cl2O, molecular weight is 177.03, MDL number is MFCD00004606, category is alcohols-buliding-blocks. Now introduce a scientific discovery about this category, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Short-term impact of the COVID-19 confinement measures on health behaviours and weight gain among adults in Belgium

Background In Belgium, confinement measures were introduced on the 13th of March 2020 to curb the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). These measures may affect health behaviours of the population such as eating habits, physical activity and alcohol consumption, which in turn can lead to weight gain resulting in overweight and obesity, increasing the risk of several chronic diseases, but also of severe COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of confinement measures on health behaviours and their associations with weight gain. Methods Data were derived from the second national COVID-19 health survey. Data were collected between the 16th and the 23rd of April 2020. The recruitment of participants was based on snowball sampling via Sciensano’s website, invitations via e-mail and social media. The study sample includes participants aged 18 years and over with no missing data on the variables of interest (n = 28,029). The association between self-reported weight gain and health behaviour changes, adjusted for gender, age group and household composition was assessed through OR’s (95% CI) calculated with logistic regression models, using post-stratification weights. Results Overall, 28.6% reported weight gain after 6 weeks of confinement. Higher odds of weight gain were observed among participants who increased or decreased their consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (OR = 1.39 (1.15-1.68) and 1.29 (1.04-1.60), respectively), among those who increased their consumption of sweet or salty snacks (OR = 3.65 (3.27-4.07)), among those who became less physically active (OR = 1.91 (1.71-2.13)), and among those who increased their alcohol consumption (OR = 1.86 (1.66-2.08)). Conclusions The most important correlates of weight gain during confinement were an increased consumption of sweet or salty snacks and being less physically active. These findings confirm the impact of diet and exercise on short term weight gain and plead to take more action, in supporting people to achieve healthier behaviours in order to tackle overweight and obesity, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature. 623-50-7, Name is Ethyl 2-hydroxyacetate, SMILES is O=C(OCC)CO, in an article , author is Fang, K. Y., once mentioned of 623-50-7, Formula: https://www.ambeed.com/products/623-50-7.html.

Infrared stealth nanofibrous composite with thermal stability and mechanical flexibility

Materials with low infrared emissivity, good thermal stability and mechanical performance are of major concern for the infrared stealth technology. By electrospinning technology, three layers of CNT/Al/PA6 were deposited alternatively with three layers of polyurethane PU (termed as [(CNT/Al/PA6)/PU](3). To improve the thermal stability, a layer of poly (vinyl alcohol)/silica (PVA/SiO2) was also electrospun and sintered, which was sandwiched between the surface layer of [(CNT/Al/PA6)/PU](3) and the bottom layer of PU. The layered composite of [(CNT/Al/PA6)/PU](3)-PVA/SiO2-PU presents a low infrared emissivity of 0.71, and good thermal stability as revealed by change of the thermal infrared images with time on a hot stage. Uniaxial tensile tests also reveal the mechanical flexibility for the composite. The combined durable infrared stealth performance and excellent mechanical properties infrared stealth and mechanical behavior render the layered composite great potential in the infrared stealth camouflage applications. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Chemistry is the experimental and theoretical study of materials on their properties at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. 100-86-7, Name is 2-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-propanol, molecular formula is C10H14O. In an article, author is Finocchio, Eliana,once mentioned of 100-86-7, Safety of 2-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-propanol.

Gastritis and gastroesophageal reflux disease are strongly associated with non-allergic nasal disorders

Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been reported to be significantly associated with chronic rhinosinusitis, but the strength of the association is still debated. Aims To evaluate the strength of the association between gastritis/GERD and non-allergic rhinitis (NAR)/allergic rhinitis (AR)/sinusitis. Methods We investigated 2887 subjects aged 20-84 years, who underwent a clinical visit in seven Italian centres (Ancona, Palermo, Pavia, Terni, Sassari, Torino, Verona) within the study on Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases, a population-based multicase-control study between 2008 and 2014. Subjects were asked if they had doctor-diagnosed gastritis or stomach ulcer (confirmed by gastroscopy) or gastroesophageal reflux disease, hiatal hernia or esophagitis. The association between NAR/AR/sinusitis and either gastritis or GERD was evaluated through relative risk ratios (RRR) by multinomial logistic regression. Results The prevalence of gastritis/GERD increased from subjects without nasal disturbances (22.8% = 323/1414) to subjects with AR (25.8% = 152/590) and further to subjects with NAR (36.7% = 69/188) or sinusitis (39.9% = 276/691). When adjusting for centre, sex, age, education level, BMI, smoking habits and alcohol intake, the combination of gastritis and GERD was associated with a four-fold increase in the risk of NAR (RRR = 3.80, 95% CI 2.56-5.62) and sinusitis (RRR = 3.70, 2.62-5.23) with respect to controls, and with a much smaller increase in the risk of AR (RRR = 1.79, 1.37-2.35).. Conclusion The study confirmed the association between gastritis/GERD and nasal disturbances, which is stronger for NAR and sinusitis than for AR.

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Application of 108-82-7, As an important bridge between the micro and macro material world, chemistry is one of the main methods and means for humans to understand and transform the material world. 108-82-7, Name is 2,6-Dimethylheptan-4-ol, SMILES is CC(C)CC(O)CC(C)C, belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Xu, Jinling, introduce new discover of the category.

Computational design of highly stable and soluble alcohol dehydrogenase for NADPH regeneration

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), as a well-known cofactor, is widely used in the most of enzymatic redox reactions, playing an important role in industrial catalysis. However, the absence of a comparable method for efficient NADP(+) to NADPH cofactor regeneration radically impairs efficient green chemical synthesis. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) enzymes, allowing the in situ regeneration of the redox cofactor NADPH with high specific activity and easy by-product separation process, are provided with great industrial application potential and research attention. Accordingly, herein a NADP(+)-specific ADH from Clostridium beijerinckii was selected to be engineered for cofactor recycle, using an automated algorithm named Protein Repair One-stop Shop (PROSS). The mutant CbADH-6M (S24P/G182A/G196A/H222D/S250E/S254R) exhibited a favorable soluble and highly active expression with an activity of 46.3 U/mL, which was 16 times higher than the wild type (2.9 U/mL), and a more stable protein conformation with an enhanced thermal stability: Delta T-1/2(60min) = + 3.6 degrees C (temperature of 50% inactivation after incubation for 60 min). Furthermore, the activity of CbADH-6M was up-graded to 2401.8 U/mL by high cell density fermentation strategy using recombinant Escherichia coli, demonstrating its industrial potential. Finally, the superb efficiency for NADPH regeneration of the mutant enzyme was testified in the synthesis of some fine chiral aromatic alcohols coupling with another ADH from Lactobacillus kefir (LkADH).

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Chemistry is an experimental science, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the best way to enjoy it and learn about it is performing experiments.Introducing a new discovery about 1562-00-1, Name is Sodium isethionate, molecular formula is C2H5NaO4S, belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Wang, Yan-Qin.

Fe3+, NIR light and thermal responsive triple network composite hydrogel with multi-shape memory effect

Recently, artificial intelligence has driven the development of shape memory hydrogels (SMHs) with complicated environmental sensitive abilities. However, current SMHs possess fundamental limitations in terms of their responsive performance and mechanical properties, which severely limits their practical applications. Herein, a triple-network composite hydrogel with Fe3+, NIR light, and thermal responsive abilities is fabricated and developed as multi-SMHs, named as PDA/CMC-Fe3+/PVA hydrogel. In this hydrogel system, the interpenetrating triple network are formed by chemically-physically co-crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) networks, and physically crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-Fe3+ network. In addition, polydopamine (PDA), which is introduced into the hydrogel system by in-situ polymerization way, could not only serve as an energy converter to endow the hydrogel with NIR-based responsive ability, but also enhance its mechanical strength. Remarkably, the as-prepared PDA/CMC-Fe3+/PVA hydrogels with the optimized compositions exhibit relatively excellent mechanical properties (tensile strength = 163.48 +/- 10.42 kPa, elastic modulus = 45.42 +/- 3.96 kPa, toughness = 165.02 +/- 7.01 kJ/m(3)) due to the synergistic effect of the triple-network and PDA doping. Moreover, the composition of the hydrogel is optimized to realize a stable temporary shape and rapid recovery to the permanent shape, which is controlled by Fe3+, NIR irradiation, and thermal stimulus. The resultant hydrogels exhibit not only multi-stimulus responsive abilities, but also programmable multi-shape memory properties. The versatile shape memory properties endow potential for the materials to be used in the field of artificial intelligence.

Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 1562-00-1. Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

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Synthetic Route of 42822-86-6, The transformation of simple hydrocarbons into more complex and valuable products via catalytic C–H bond functionalisation has revolutionised modern synthetic chemistry. 42822-86-6, Name is 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol, SMILES is OC1C(CCC(C1)C)C(O)(C)C, belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Yu, Zhicai, introduce new discover of the category.

Flame-retardant PNIPAAm/sodium alginate/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels used for fire-fighting application: Preparation and characteristic evaluations

A novel fire-preventing triple-network (TN) hydrogel was prepared and laminated on cotton fabric to improve fire-resistant performance of cellulose fabric. The TN hydrogel composed of Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm)/sodium alginate (SA)/ Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) exhibited excellent swelling ratio, swelling-deswelling behavior and antibacterial property. Results indicated that introduction of SA could improve water retention capabilities of TN hydrogels. Thermogravimetric experiments showed that the thermal stability of hydmgels was best at a SA: PVA ratio of 2:1. Furthermore, the obtained hydrogel-cotton fabric laminates displayed efficient flame retardancy. Compared to original fabric, hydrogel-fabric laminates were nearly undamaged when exposed to fire for 12 s. This result is attributed to energy absorption as water is heated and evaporates in the hydrogel. The present work provides a new concept to prepare fire-resistant polymer fabric, which may be used in fire-protective clothing to protect the skin from burn injuries.

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Application of 870-72-4, The transformation of simple hydrocarbons into more complex and valuable products via catalytic C–H bond functionalisation has revolutionised modern synthetic chemistry. 870-72-4, Name is Hydroxymethanesulfonic Acid Sodium Salt, SMILES is O=S(CO)([O-])=O.[Na+], belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Tapocik, J. D., introduce new discover of the category.

Live predator stress in adolescence results in distinct adult behavioral consequences and dorsal diencephalic brain activation patterns

Exposure to traumatic events during childhood increases the risk of adult psychopathology, including anxiety, depression, alcohol use disorders and their co-morbidity. Early life trauma also results in increased symptom complexity, treatment resistance and poor treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study was to establish a novel rodent model of adolescent stress, based on an ethologically relevant life-threatening event, live predator exposure. Rats were exposed to a live predator for 10 min. at three different time points (postnatal day (PND)31, 46 and 61). Adult depression-, anxiety-like behaviors and ethanol consumption were characterized well past the last acute stress event (two weeks). Behavioral profiles across assessments were developed to characterize individual response to adolescent stress. CNS activation patterns in separate groups of subjects were characterized after the early (PND31) and last predator exposure (PND61). Subjects exposed to live-predator adolescent stress generally exhibited less exploratory behavior, less propensity to venture into open spaces, a decreased preference for sweet solutions and decreased ethanol consumption in a two-bottle preference test. Additional studies demonstrated blunted cortisol response and CNS activation patterns suggestive of habenula, rostromedial tegmental (RMTg), dorsal raphe and central amygdala involvement in mediating the adult consequences of adolescent stress. Thus, adolescent stress in the form of live-predator exposure results in significant adult behavioral and neurobiological disturbances. Childhood trauma, its impact on neurodevelopment and the subsequent development of mood disorders is a pervasive theme in mental illness. Improving animal models and our neurobiological understanding of the symptom domains impacted by trauma could significantly improve treatment strategies.

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