Tag: 100-200

Heterogeneous asymmetric hydrogenation of aromatic ketones enhanced by silanols on highly monodispersed silica spheres was written by Li, Chun;Zhang, Lin;Liu, Hailong;Zheng, Xueli;Fu, Haiyan;Chen, Hua;Li, Ruixiang. And the article was included in Catalysis Communications in 2014.HPLC of Formula: 171032-87-4 This article mentions the following:

A triphenylphosphine-stabilized Ir/SiO₂ catalyst modified by a chiral diamine was synthesized with four silica spheres as support for the asym. hydrogenation of aromatic ketones. The H-bond between substrate and silanols and the interaction between substrate and modifier commonly affected the steric configuration of asym. hydrogenation of aromatic ketones. With the silanols increasing, the activity of asym. hydrogenation significantly increased. This is the first report of heterogeneous asym. hydrogenation of aromatic ketones enhanced by silanols on highly monodispersed silica spheres with > 99.9% ee and > 99% conversion. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4HPLC of Formula: 171032-87-4).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 171032-87-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Pathogenicity of Aeromonas veronii causing mass mortalities of Odontobutis potamophila and its induced host immune response was written by Liu, Guoxing;Li, Jie;Jiang, Ziyan;Zhu, Xinhai;Gao, Xiaojian;Jiang, Qun;Wang, Jun;Wei, Wanhong;Zhang, Xiaojun. And the article was included in Fish & Shellfish Immunology in 2022.COA of Formula: C4H10O4 This article mentions the following:

Aeromonas veronii is a freshwater bacterium associated with many diseases in aquatic animals. However, few cases of A. veronii infection were reported in Odontobutis potamophila, which has been becoming a promising fish species in China in recent years. In this study, the dominant bacteria were isolated from diseased O. potamophila showing signs of hemorrhage on fins, ulceration on the dorsal and abdomen. The representative isolate Stl3-1was identified as A. veronii based on anal. of its morphol., physiol., and biochem. features, as well as 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequences. The median lethal dosage (LD₅₀) of the isolate Stl3-1 for O. potamophila was determined as 4.5 x 10⁵ CFU/mL. Histopathol. anal. revealed that the isolate Stl3-1caused considerable histol. lesions in the fish, including tissue cell degeneration, necrosis, and inflammatory cell infiltrating. Detection of virulence-related genes showed that A. veronii Stl3-1 was pos. for exu, ompA, lip, flaH, hlyA, aer, flgM, tapA, act, flgA, gcaT and flgN. Addnl., quantitive real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was also undertaken to analyzes the host defensive response in O. potamophila infected by A. veronii. The immune-related gene expressions in O. potamophila during exptl. infection were monitored at different point of time, and the results showed that the expression levels of MHC II, Myd88, TLR, and SOD were significantly up-regulated in liver, gill, spleen, and head kidney. The results revealed that A. veronii was a pathogen causing mass mortalities of O. potamophila and will contribute to better understanding the host defensive response against A. veronii infection. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6COA of Formula: C4H10O4).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.COA of Formula: C4H10O4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Palladium-catalyzed allylic etherification of phenols with vinyl ethylene carbonate was written by Lin, Shibo;Zhao, Xiaotian;He, Lihui;Li, Xuanhao;Jiang, Qian;Xiang, Lan;Ye, Yongqin;Gan, Xiaohong. And the article was included in Frontiers in Chemistry (Lausanne, Switzerland) in 2022.Application In Synthesis of Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol This article mentions the following:

The palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative reactions of phenols and vinyl ethylene carbonate to produce allylic aryl ethers under mild conditions have been established. Adopting an inexpensive PdCl2(dppf) catalyst promotes the efficient conversion of phenols to the corresponding allylic aryl ethers via the formation of a new C-O bond in good isolated yields with complete regioselectivities, acceptable functional group tolerance and operational simplicity. The robust procedure could be completed smoothly by conducting a scaled-up reaction with comparable efficiency to afford the target product. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol (cas: 69393-72-2Application In Synthesis of Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol).

Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol (cas: 69393-72-2) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Application In Synthesis of Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Complete genome sequencing and strain characterization of a novel marine Bacillus velezensis FTL7 with a potential broad inhibitory spectrum against foodborne pathogens was written by Johny, Lidiya C.;Suresh, P. V.. And the article was included in World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology in 2022.Product Details of 149-32-6 This article mentions the following:

Bacillus velezensis FTL7 which exhibited potent antimicrobial peptide producing capacity was isolated from a marine sediment sample of the West Coast region, South India, and characterized through exptl. and genomic anal. approaches. FTL7 showed potential antimicrobial activity against a broad range of foodborne pathogenic bacteria like Listeria monocytogenes Scott A, Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778), Salmonella Typhimurium (MTCC 1251), Staphylococcusaureus (ATCC 25923), and Escherichiacoli (MTCC 443). It also exhibited strong inhibitory activity against Kocuriarhyzophila (ATCC 934) and Bacillussubtilis subsp. spizizenii (ATCC 6633). Phylogenetic anal. by 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that Bacillusvelezensis FTL7 was closely related to B.velezensis LBUM288 (GenBank accession number MG461457) with 100% identity. Whole-genome sequencing of the strain FTL7 was carried out using Illumina sequencing technol. to get a better insight into the mechanisms of controlling pathogens by FTL7. The strain FTL7 has a chromosome size of 3849,077 bp with a GC content of 46.56%. The genome consists of 3635 coding sequences, 64 RNA, 59 tRNAs, 5 ncRNAs, and 69 pseudogenes. The presence of genes responsible for the synthesis of non-ribosomal peptides and bacteriocins was identified through genome annotation. Thus, many Bacillus strains, including B. velezensis, have been demonstrated as excellent producers of antimicrobial substances. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Product Details of 149-32-6).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Product Details of 149-32-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ether-tethered Ru(II)/TsDPEN complexes; synthesis and applications to asymmetric transfer hydrogenation was written by Parekh, Vimal;Ramsden, James A.;Wills, Martin. And the article was included in Catalysis Science & Technology in 2012.Computed Properties of C8H9ClO This article mentions the following:

A new type of Ru(II)/TsDPEN catalyst containing an ether-based linking tether has been prepared and shown to exhibit excellent activity in asym. transfer hydrogenation reactions of ketones. Related complexes containing a hydroxyl-terminated alkyl chain have also been prepared and tested as asym. catalysts. In some cases the activity of the new catalyst type complements that of the closely related alkyl-chain tethered complexes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9Computed Properties of C8H9ClO).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Computed Properties of C8H9ClO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Natural-Product-Directed Catalytic Stereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized Fused Borane Cluster-Oxazoles for the Discovery of Bactericidal Agents was written by Varkhedkar, Rajesh;Yang, Fan;Dontha, Rakesh;Zhang, Jianglin;Liu, Jiyong;Spingler, Bernhard;van der Veen, Stijn;Duttwyler, Simon. And the article was included in ACS Central Science in 2022.Formula: C10H20O This article mentions the following:

The identification of an alternative chem. space to address the global challenge posed by emerging antimicrobial resistance is very much needed for the discovery of novel antimicrobial lead compounds B clusters are currently being explored in drug discovery due to their unique steric and electronic properties. However, the challenges associated with the synthesis and derivatization techniques of these compounds have limited their utility in the rapid construction of a library of mols. for screening against various biol. targets as an alternative mol. platform. Herein, the authors report a transition-metal-catalyzed regioselective direct B-H alkylation-annulation of the closo-dodecaborate anion with natural products such as menthol and camphor as the directing groups. This method allowed the rapid construction of a library of 1,2,3-trisubstituted clusters, which were evaluated in terms of their antibacterial activity against WHO priority pathogens. Several of the synthesized dodecaborate derivatives displayed medium- to high-level bactericidal activity against Gram-pos. and Gram-neg. bacteria. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5Formula: C10H20O).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Formula: C10H20O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

3-Acyl-4-hydroxycoumarins containing substituents in the benzene nucleus. IV. Syntheses of 3-acyl-5-methyl-4,7-dihydroxycoumarins and their antibacterial properties was written by Iguchi, Sadao;Utsugi, Nobuyuki. And the article was included in Yakugaku Zasshi in 1953.Product Details of 1634-34-0 This article mentions the following:

Orcinol (4 g.) and 3.7 g. CH₂(CN)CO₂Et in 30 ml. Et₂O treated with 2 g. ZnCl₂ and dry HCl gas passed in 2 hrs. gives 2.5 g. 7-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-oxo-4-imino-2,3-dihydro-4H-1-benzopyran (I), m. above 300° (decomposition); 2 g. I in 30 volumes dilute HCl (1:2) heated on a water bath, cooled, and the product filtered, washed with water, and recrystallized from hot water gives 1 g. 5-methyl-4,7-dihydroxycoumarin (II), needles, m. 266-7°. Reaction of 0.6 g. II and 0.26 g. AcCl in 8 ml. C₅H₅N and recrystallization of the product from alc. gives 0.4 g. 3-acetyl-5-methyl-4-hydroxy-7-acetoxycoumarin (III), needles, m. 149-50°, while the above reaction for 3 hrs. at 100-10° gives 0.1 g. III, and the mother liquor from III with 50% alc. yields 0.25 g. 3-acetyl-5-methyl-4,7-dihydroxycoumarin (IV), m. 242-3°. Heating III 30 min. on a water bath with 50 volumes 5% alc. KOH gives IV. Similarly, mild reaction of a 1:1 molar mixture of II and n-C₉H₁₉COCl and recrystallizing of the product from 7% alc. gives 7-decanoyl-5-methyl-4,7-dihydroxycoumarin (V), m. 153.5-4.5°; 3,7-didecanoyl-5-methyl-4,7-dihydroxycoumarin (VI), needles, m. 96-7°; 3-decanoyl-5-methyl-4,7-dihydroxycoumarin (VII), needles, m. 178-9°. Condensation of orcinol and AcCH₂CO₂Et (VIII) in the presence of concentrated H₂SO₄ gives 5-hydroxy-4,7-dimethylcoumarin, m. 252-3° similarly, resorcinol and VIII give 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin, m. 184-5°. II (1 g.) in 10 ml. 10% KOH heated 1 hr. at 110-20°, cooled, acidified with HCl, and let stand give 0.35g.4,2,6-Me(HO)₂C₆H₂Ac, leaves, m.157-8°. IV was effective in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus at the dilution of 1:40000, being 10 times as potent as 3-acetyl-4,7-dihydroxy- and 3-acetyl-4-hydroxycoumarin used as the control. 3-Decanoyl derivatives could not be examined because of their difficult solubility None of these compounds showed any apparent effect on Escherichia coli. Ultraviolet absorption spectra of these compounds are given. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0Product Details of 1634-34-0).

2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Product Details of 1634-34-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Purification, characterisation and antioxidant properties of a novel polysaccharide from Physalis pubescens L. fruits was written by Gao, Pinyi;Zhang, Xingyue;Wang, Ziwei;Liu, Changfeng;Xu, Shuangshuang;Bian, Jun;Yue, Dandan;Li, Danqi;Zhang, Lixin;Liu, Xuegui. And the article was included in International Journal of Food Science and Technology in 2022.COA of Formula: C4H10O4 This article mentions the following:

Considering the medicinal and edible properties of Physalis pubescens L. fruit, the plant has a long history of cultivation in China. In the current study, a novel polysaccharide (PPL-1) was successfully obtained from P. pubescens fruits using multi-column techniques. The chem. characterization of the polysaccharide was achieved by acid hydrolysis, determination of weight average mol. mass, thermogravimetric and Smith degradation analyses, in addition to UV, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. According to the structural analyses, PPL-1 consisted of rhamnose, arabinose, fructose, mannose and glucose with a relative molar ratio of 0.39:0.12:0.02:0.03:0.44. The average mol. weight of PPL-1 was 7.3 kDa and it was mainly composed of (1 → 3) and (1 → 6) linkages. PPL-1 exhibited not only scavenging effects on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) free radicals but also hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells effectively by decreasing malondialdehyde content and increasing total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity levels. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6COA of Formula: C4H10O4).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.COA of Formula: C4H10O4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Cinchona-Alkaloid-Derived NNP Ligand for Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Ketones was written by Zhang, Lin;Zhang, Ling;Chen, Qian;Li, Linlin;Jiang, Jian;Sun, Hao;Zhao, Chong;Yang, Yuanyong;Li, Chun. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.Name: (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol This article mentions the following:

Herein, a series of novel and easily accessed cinchona-alkaloid-based NNP ligands I [R = cyclohexyl, Ph, 2-MeOC₆H₄, etc.; R¹ = H, MeO] was developed in two steps. By combining [Ir(COD)Cl]₂, 39 ketones including aromatic, heteroaryl, and alkyl ketones were hydrogenated, all affording valuable chiral secondary alcs. with 96.0-99.9% ee. A plausible reaction mechanism was discussed by NMR, HRMS, DFT and an activating model involving trihydride was verified. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Name: (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Name: (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ketene and its derivatives. II. Reaction of methylpyridine 1-oxide and methylquinoline 1-oxide with ketene was written by Kato, Tetsuzo;Goto, Yoshinobu;Yamamoto, Yutaka. And the article was included in Yakugaku Zasshi in 1962.SDS of cas: 1122-71-0 This article mentions the following:

Reaction of CH₂:CO (produced from decomposition of Me₂CO by a ketene generator) and 4-picoline 1-oxide and fractionation of the product gave 5% 4-pyridinemethanol, b₁₅ 117-18°, 0.3% 4-methyl-3-pyridinol, m. 117-20°, and 4% 4-picoline. Similarly, 2,6-lutidine 1-oxide yielded 33% 6-methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (picrate m. 132-4°), 17% 3-hydroxy-2,6-lutidine, m. 205-7°, and 4% 2,6-lutidine; 4-nitro-2,6-lutidine 1-oxide yielded 8% 4-nitro-6-methyl-2-pyridinemethanol, m. 118-19°, 2% 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (HCl salt m. 225-7°), and 3% 4-nitro-2,6-lutidine [picrate, m. 194° (decomposition)]; quinaldine 1-oxide yielded 16% 2-quinolinemethanol, b₄ 145-60° (picrate, m. 154-6°), and α,α’-bis(2-quinolinemethanol), m. 215° (decomposition); lepidine 1-oxide yielded 4% 3-hydroxylepidine (picrate m. 209-10°). 3-Picoline 1-oxide, 4-nitropyridine 1-oxide, and 4-nitro-2-picoline 1-oxide gave no reaction product with CH₂:CO. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0SDS of cas: 1122-71-0).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.SDS of cas: 1122-71-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts