Tag: 100-200

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 2,4-Diaminoquinazoline Derivatives as SMN2 Promoter Activators for the Potential Treatment of Spinal Muscular Atrophy was written by Thurmond, John;Butchbach, Matthew E. R.;Palomo, Marty;Pease, Brian;Rao, Munagala;Bedell, Louis;Keyvan, Monica;Pai, Grace;Mishra, Rama;Haraldsson, Magnus;Andresson, Thorkell;Bragason, Gisli;Thosteinsdottir, Margret;Bjornsson, Jon Mar;Coovert, Daniel D.;Burghes, Arthur H. M.;Gurney, Mark E.;Singh, Jasbir. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2008.SDS of cas: 120121-01-9 This article mentions the following:

Proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by death of motor neurons in the spinal cord that is caused by deletion and/or mutation of the survival motor neuron gene (SMN1). Adjacent to SMN1 are a variable number of copies of the SMN2 gene. The two genes essentially differ by a single nucleotide, which causes the majority of the RNA transcripts from SMN2 to lack exon 7. Although both SMN1 and SMN2 encode the same Smn protein amino acid sequence, the loss of SMN1 and incorrect splicing of SMN2 have the consequence that Smn protein levels are insufficient for the survival of motor neurons. The therapeutic goal of our medicinal chem. effort was to identify small-mol. activators of the SMN2 promoter that, by up-regulating gene transcription, would produce greater quantities of full-length Smn protein. Our initial medicinal chem. effort explored a series of C5 substituted benzyl ether based 2,4-diaminoquinazolines that were found to be potent activators of the SMN2 promoter; however, inhibition of DHFR was shown to be an off-target activity that was linked to ATP depletion. A structure-guided approach was used to overcome DHFR inhibition while retaining SMN2 promoter activation. A lead compound, the [(fluorobenzyl)piperidinylmethoxy]quinazolinediamine I, was identified as having high potency and 2.3-fold induction of the SMN2 promoter. I possessed desirable pharmaceutical properties, including excellent brain exposure and long brain half-life following oral dosing to mice. I up-regulated expression of the mouse SMN gene in NSC-34 cells, a mouse motor neuron hybrid cell line. In type 1 SMA patient fibroblasts, I induced Smn in a dose-dependent manner when analyzed by immunoblotting and increased the number of intranuclear particles called gems. The compound restored gems numbers in type I SMA patient fibroblasts to levels near unaffected genetic carriers of SMA. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9SDS of cas: 120121-01-9).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.SDS of cas: 120121-01-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Oxidative stability of chicken burgers using organic coffee husk extract was written by de Farias Marques, Antonia Dayane Jenyffer;de Lima Tavares, Jerffeson;de Carvalho, Leila Moreira;Leite Abreu, Thaianaly;Alves Pereira, Deyse;Moreira Fernandes Santos, Miriane;Suely Madruga, Marta;de Medeiros, Lorena Lucena;Kenia Alencar Bezerra, Taliana. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Synthetic Route of C8H16O This article mentions the following:

The antioxidant capacity of organic coffee husk extract (Coffee arabica L.) added to chicken burgers was evaluated. Two formulations were prepared: with addition of the extract (100 and 200 ppm CAE/kg), in addition to control formulations without the addition of antioxidant, and with the addition of synthetic antioxidant. The products were characterized by phys. and chem. anal. and analyzed for oxidative stability during 45 days of storage under freezing. The addition of extract in the proportion of 200 ppm CAE/kg of hamburger revealed efficacy against lipid oxidation equivalent to treatment with a synthetic antioxidant. As for protein oxidation, there was no pro or antioxidant influence in the treatments. The addition of organic coffee husk extract to chicken hamburgers is thus indicated, being considered as a potential natural additive. In addition, the use of coffee husks helps to minimize the lager amounts of agro-industrial byproducts generated by the coffee industry. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Synthetic Route of C8H16O).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Synthetic Route of C8H16O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Discovery of Bispecific Antagonists of Retinol Binding Protein 4 That Stabilize Transthyretin Tetramers: Scaffolding Hopping, Optimization, and Preclinical Pharmacological Evaluation as a Potential Therapy for Two Common Age-Related Comorbidities was written by Cioffi, Christopher L.;Muthuraman, Parthasarathy;Raja, Arun;Varadi, Andras;Racz, Boglarka;Petrukhin, Konstantin. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2020.Application In Synthesis of 1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol This article mentions the following:

Accumulation of cytotoxic lipofuscin bisretinoids may contribute to atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathogenesis. Retinal bisretinoid synthesis depends on the influx of serum all-trans-retinol delivered via a tertiary retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4)-transthyretin (TTR)-retinol complex. We previously identified selective RBP4 antagonists that dissociate circulating RBP4-TTR-retinol complexes, reduce serum RBP4 levels, and inhibit bisretinoid synthesis in models of enhanced retinal lipofuscinogenesis. However, the release of TTR by selective RBP4 antagonists may be associated with TTR tetramer destabilization and, potentially, TTR amyloid formation. We describe herein the identification of bispecific RBP4 antagonist-TTR tetramer kinetic stabilizers. Standout analog I possesses suitable potency for both targets, significantly lowers mouse plasma RBP4 levels, and prevents TTR aggregation in a gel-based assay. This new class of bispecific compounds may be especially important as a therapy for dry AMD patients who have another common age-related comorbidity, senile systemic amyloidosis, a nongenetic disease associated with wild-type TTR misfolding. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol (cas: 142253-56-3Application In Synthesis of 1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol).

1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol (cas: 142253-56-3) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Application In Synthesis of 1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Three green seaweed extracts and their fractions for ecofriendly management of pestiferous insect Spodoptera litura was written by Sahayaraj, K.;Ravindran, C.;Thusnavis, M. Maria. And the article was included in International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology in 2022.SDS of cas: 2216-51-5 This article mentions the following:

Polyphagous pest Spodoptera litura poses a serious threat to important agriculture crops and their products. A green ecofriendly alternative to existing chem. pesticides, bio-fertilizers are preferred to protect the crop and increase their yield against pests. Hence, three common seaweed crude extracts (Caulerpa scalpelliformis, Caulerpa veravalensis, and Ulva lactuca) and chromatog. fractions of C. scalpelliformis [CS-1 (683-759) and CS-2 (1038-1130)] were screened against S. litura under different concentrations in castor leaves. Dose-dependent mortality was observed for crude extracts and their column chromatog. fractions. Conversely, fractions [CS-1 (683-759) and CS-2 (1038-1130)] recorded highest mortality at 1.0 ppm and lowest at 0.12 ppm. GC-MS anal. of C. scalpelliformis and C. veravalensis exhibited the highest peak of n-Hexadecanoic acid and 1,4-Bis(trimethylsilyl) benzene, resp. The access proportion index suggested C. scalpelliformis was more active than other seaweeds. Henceforth, the results suggest that the above seaweed extracts may be developed as bio-alternative agrochems. for pest control. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5SDS of cas: 2216-51-5).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.SDS of cas: 2216-51-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Thionyl fluoride-mediated one-pot substitutions and reductions of carboxylic acids was written by Bolduc, Trevor G.;Lee, Cayo;Chappell, William P.;Sammis, Glenn M.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 873-76-7 This article mentions the following:

Thionyl fluoride (SOF₂) is an underutilized reagent that is yet to be extensively studied for its synthetic applications. We previously reported that it is a powerful reagent for both the rapid syntheses of acyl fluorides and for one-pot peptide couplings, but the full scope of these nucleophilic acyl substitutions had not been explored. Herein, we report one-pot thionyl fluoride-mediated syntheses of peptides and amides (35 examples, 45-99% yields) that were not explored in our previous study. The scope of thionyl fluoride-mediated nucleophilic acyl substitutions was also expanded to encompass esters (24 examples, 64-99% yields) and thioesters (11 examples, 24-96% yields). In addition, we demonstrate that the scope of thionyl fluoride-mediated one-pot reactions can be extended beyond nucleophilic acyl substitutions to mild reductions of carboxylic acids using NaBH₄ (13 examples, 33-80% yields). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7HPLC of Formula: 873-76-7).

(4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 873-76-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Assay of terpin hydrate and codeine elixir by gas chromatography was written by Wasselman, Harold J.. And the article was included in Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences in 1968.Reference of 2451-01-6 This article mentions the following:

Terpin hydrate and codeine after extraction from the elixir are separated and determined with the aid of two internal standards and the use of temperature-programmed gas chromatog. Using the same method, elixir of terpin hydrate can also be determined A precision and accuracy study for both elixirs is included. 25 references. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6Reference of 2451-01-6).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Reference of 2451-01-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Catalytic Hydroboration and Reductive Amination of Carbonyl Compounds by HBpin using a Zinc Promoter was written by Kumar, Ravi;Rawal, Parveen;Banerjee, Indrani;Pada Nayek, Hari;Gupta, Puneet;Panda, Tarun K.. And the article was included in Chemistry – An Asian Journal in 2022.Safety of (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

The chemoselective hydroboration of aldehydes and ketones, catalyzed by Zinc(II) complexes [κ²-(PyCH:NR)ZnX₂] (1, R = CPh₃, X = Cl; 2, R = 2,6-ⁱPr₂C₆H₃, X = I), by pinacolborane (HBpin) at ambient temperature and under solvent-free conditions, which produced the corresponding borate esters in high yield, is reported. Zinc metal complexes 1 and 2 were derived in 80-90% yield from the reaction of iminopyridine [PyCH:NR] with anhydrous zinc dichloride in dichloromethane at room temperature The solid-state structures of both zinc complexes were confirmed using X-ray crystallog. Zinc complex 1 was also used as a competent pre-catalyst in the reductive amination of carbonyl compounds with HBpin under mild and solvent-free conditions to afford a high yield (up to 97%) of the corresponding secondary amines. The wider substrate scope of both reactions was explored. Catalytic protocols using zinc as a pre-catalyst demonstrated an atom-economic and green method with diverse substrates bearing excellent functional group tolerance. Computational studies established a plausible mechanism for catalytic hydroboration. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7Safety of (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol).

(4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Safety of (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis, physical properties and application of a series of new polyoxometalate-based ionic liquids was written by Martinetto, Yohan;Basset, Salome;Pegot, Bruce;Roch-Marchal, Catherine;Camerel, Franck;Jeftic, Jelena;Cottyn-Boitte, Betty;Magnier, Emmanuel;Floquet, Sebastien. And the article was included in Molecules in 2021.Product Details of 1122-71-0 This article mentions the following:

This paper deals with the preparation and the characterization of four new ionic liquids resulting from the pairing of various polyoxotungstates or polyoxomolybdates with the cation trihexyltetradecylphosphonium. The phys. properties measured by different techniques evidence that the viscosity and the rheol. behaviors of such POM-based ionic liquids, POM-ILs, strongly depend on the nature of the POM, especially its charge. Playing on the nature of the POM, we can indeed obtain Newtonian liquids or some much more viscous materials exhibiting characteristics of resins or pseudo-plastics. In a second part of this study, the potentialities of using such materials both as solvent and catalyst for the oxidation of a series of alcs. are presented as proof of concept. This part highlights great differences in strength and selectivity as a function of the POM-IL used. Furthermore, a very simple way to recycle the catalyst is also presented. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0Product Details of 1122-71-0).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Product Details of 1122-71-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Acceptorless dehydrogenation of primary alcohols to carboxylic acids by self-supported NHC-Ru single-site catalysts was written by Yin, Shenxiang;Zheng, Qingshu;Chen, Jie;Tu, Tao. And the article was included in Journal of Catalysis in 2022.Product Details of 873-76-7 This article mentions the following:

The acceptorless dehydrogenation of diverse aromatic and aliphatic primary alcs. to corresponding carboxylic acids was accomplished by self-supported NHC-Ru single-site catalysts under mild reaction conditions. Besides broad substrates with excellent activity, selectivity and good tolerance to sensitive functional groups, the solid single-site catalyst could be recovered and reused for more than 20 runs without deactivation. Remarkably, up to 1.8 x 10⁴ turnover numbers could be achieved by this newly developed sustainable protocol in gram scale at low catalyst loading, highlighting its potential in industry. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7Product Details of 873-76-7).

(4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Product Details of 873-76-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Isolation, characterization and prediction of biological activity of two new fatty esters and a phenol from the heartwood of Pterocarpus Marsupium Roxb was written by Katiyar, Deepti;Singh, Vijender;Ali, Mohammed. And the article was included in International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences in 2017.Application of 69393-72-2 This article mentions the following:

Objective: The current investigation involves the isolation, characterization and prediction of biol. activity spectra of the phytoconstituents from the ethanolic extract of the heartwood of Pterocarpus marsupium roxb. (Fabaceae). Methods: The heartwood (3 kg) was extracted in alc. by cold maceration for 21 d and the compounds were isolated by column chromatog. The compounds thus isolated were characterised and their structures were elucidated by using assorted spectral data anal., i.e., IR radiation spectroscopy (IR), proton NMR (¹HNMR), carbon thirteen NMR (¹C³ NMR) and direct anal. in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS). PASS (prediction of activity spectra for substances) computer program was used to predict the biol. activity spectra of the isolated compounds Results: Phytochem. investigation of ethanolic extract of the heartwood of Pterocarpus marsupium led to isolate two fatty esters and a phenolic compound characterised as n-octanyl n-octadeca-9,12-dienoate (n-octanyl linoleiate, 1), n-dodecanyl n-octadeca-9,12-dienoate (n-dodecanyl linoleiate, 2) and 2, 3-dioxymethylene phenol (3). These phytoconstituents are reported for first time in the heartwood of Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. The in silico profiling of these phytoconstituents exhibited their broad spectra of biol. activity. Compounds (1) and (2) showed their maximum activity as All-trans-retinyl-palmitate hydrolase inhibitor, anti eczematic, lipid metabolism regulator, etc. and compound (3) was found to be active as membrane integrity agonist, aspulvinone dimethylallyl transferases inhibitor, carminative, neurotransmitter uptake inhibitor, etc. Conclusion: These isolated phytoconstituents can be used as the marker compounds to establish the identity, quality and purity of the drug. The results of PASS prediction shall be very useful for establishing these phytoconstituents as active pharmacol. moieties. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol (cas: 69393-72-2Application of 69393-72-2).

Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol (cas: 69393-72-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Application of 69393-72-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts