Alcohols-buliding-blocks

Three-dimensional superlattices based on unusual chalcogenide supertetrahedral In-Sn-S nanoclusters was written by Wang, Wei;Wang, Xiang;Zhang, Jiaxu;Yang, Huajun;Luo, Min;Xue, Chaozhuang;Lin, Zhien;Wu, Tao. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 2019.Synthetic Route of C4H11NO This article mentions the following:

Reported here are two novel metal chalcogenide superlattices built from unusual supertetrahedral TO2-InSnS clusters. With regard to only one previously reported case of a TO2-InS-based 2D-layered structure, such a combination of In-Sn-S components is thought to be reasonable for leading to the first observation of 3D superlattices based on TO2-InSnS clusters. Besides, these title semiconducting materials also display good performance on the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Synthetic Route of C4H11NO).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Synthetic Route of C4H11NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ketene and its derivatives. II. Reaction of methylpyridine 1-oxide and methylquinoline 1-oxide with ketene was written by Kato, Tetsuzo;Goto, Yoshinobu;Yamamoto, Yutaka. And the article was included in Yakugaku Zasshi in 1962.SDS of cas: 1122-71-0 This article mentions the following:

Reaction of CH₂:CO (produced from decomposition of Me₂CO by a ketene generator) and 4-picoline 1-oxide and fractionation of the product gave 5% 4-pyridinemethanol, b₁₅ 117-18°, 0.3% 4-methyl-3-pyridinol, m. 117-20°, and 4% 4-picoline. Similarly, 2,6-lutidine 1-oxide yielded 33% 6-methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (picrate m. 132-4°), 17% 3-hydroxy-2,6-lutidine, m. 205-7°, and 4% 2,6-lutidine; 4-nitro-2,6-lutidine 1-oxide yielded 8% 4-nitro-6-methyl-2-pyridinemethanol, m. 118-19°, 2% 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (HCl salt m. 225-7°), and 3% 4-nitro-2,6-lutidine [picrate, m. 194° (decomposition)]; quinaldine 1-oxide yielded 16% 2-quinolinemethanol, b₄ 145-60° (picrate, m. 154-6°), and α,α’-bis(2-quinolinemethanol), m. 215° (decomposition); lepidine 1-oxide yielded 4% 3-hydroxylepidine (picrate m. 209-10°). 3-Picoline 1-oxide, 4-nitropyridine 1-oxide, and 4-nitro-2-picoline 1-oxide gave no reaction product with CH₂:CO. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0SDS of cas: 1122-71-0).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.SDS of cas: 1122-71-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Cinchona-Alkaloid-Derived NNP Ligand for Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Ketones was written by Zhang, Lin;Zhang, Ling;Chen, Qian;Li, Linlin;Jiang, Jian;Sun, Hao;Zhao, Chong;Yang, Yuanyong;Li, Chun. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.Name: (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol This article mentions the following:

Herein, a series of novel and easily accessed cinchona-alkaloid-based NNP ligands I [R = cyclohexyl, Ph, 2-MeOC₆H₄, etc.; R¹ = H, MeO] was developed in two steps. By combining [Ir(COD)Cl]₂, 39 ketones including aromatic, heteroaryl, and alkyl ketones were hydrogenated, all affording valuable chiral secondary alcs. with 96.0-99.9% ee. A plausible reaction mechanism was discussed by NMR, HRMS, DFT and an activating model involving trihydride was verified. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Name: (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Name: (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis and characterization of poly [N-acryloyl-(D/L), (+/-)-phenylalanine-co-(D/L), (-/+)N-methacryloyloxyethyl-N’-2-hydroxybutyl(urea)] copolymers was written by Buruiana, Emil C.;Murariu, Mioara;Buruiana, Tinca. And the article was included in Central European Journal of Chemistry in 2014.SDS of cas: 5856-63-3 This article mentions the following:

Two monomers of (D/L), (+/-)-N-methacryloyloxyethyl-N’-2-hydroxybutyl(urea) methacrylate (D/L-MABU) type were prepared and further polymerized through free radical polymerization with optically active monomers containing phenylalanine sequences such as N-acryloyl-(D/L), (-/+)-phenylalanine (A-D/L-Phe). The resulting copolymers, i.e., poly[N-acryloyl-(D/L), (-/+)-phenylalanine-co-(D/L), (+/-)-N-methacryloyloxyethyl-N’-2-hydroxybutyl(urea)], A-D/L-Phe-co-D/L-MABU, were characterized by FT-IR, 1D/2D NMR (¹H and ¹³C), UV-vis, and CD (CD) spectroscopies, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and gel permeation chromatog. (GPC). The copolymers obtained with a molar fraction of 0.76: 0.24 / 0.64: 0.36 monomer units had optical rotation values of -25° and +15° resp. Upon chem. modification of the phenylalanine-based copolymers with fluorescein-isothiocyanate, new fluorescent copolyacrylates (A-D/L-Phe-co-D/L-MABU-F) were synthesized and further studied for pH measurements in DMF solutions using HCl and NaOH 10^-1M. It was found that stereoselectivity of the A-L-Phe-co-L-MABU-F copolymer is higher than of its dextro-form, especially at basic pH. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3SDS of cas: 5856-63-3).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.SDS of cas: 5856-63-3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Copper-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Cyclization Cascade to Construct Bridged Skeletons: Total Synthesis of (-)-Suaveoline was written by Tan, Qiuyuan;Yang, Zhao;Jiang, Dan;Cheng, Yuegang;Yang, Jiao;Xi, Song;Zhang, Min. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2019.SDS of cas: 60666-70-8 This article mentions the following:

Based on the discovery of copper-catalyzed cyclopropanol ring-opening addition to iminium ions, an unprecedented catalytic aerobic C-H oxidation/cyclopropanol cyclization cascade using CuCl₂ as the multifunctional catalyst and air as the oxidant was developed to construct the azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane skeleton, which is widespread in natural products and medicines. Using this method, concise asym. total synthesis of the indole alkaloid (-)-suaveoline was achieved. This study not only provides an efficient, low-cost, and environmentally benign method for constructing such bridged frameworks, but also enriches the realm of cyclopropanol chem. and C-H functionalization. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2-Bromo-5-chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 60666-70-8SDS of cas: 60666-70-8).

(2-Bromo-5-chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 60666-70-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.SDS of cas: 60666-70-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Purification, characterisation and antioxidant properties of a novel polysaccharide from Physalis pubescens L. fruits was written by Gao, Pinyi;Zhang, Xingyue;Wang, Ziwei;Liu, Changfeng;Xu, Shuangshuang;Bian, Jun;Yue, Dandan;Li, Danqi;Zhang, Lixin;Liu, Xuegui. And the article was included in International Journal of Food Science and Technology in 2022.COA of Formula: C4H10O4 This article mentions the following:

Considering the medicinal and edible properties of Physalis pubescens L. fruit, the plant has a long history of cultivation in China. In the current study, a novel polysaccharide (PPL-1) was successfully obtained from P. pubescens fruits using multi-column techniques. The chem. characterization of the polysaccharide was achieved by acid hydrolysis, determination of weight average mol. mass, thermogravimetric and Smith degradation analyses, in addition to UV, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. According to the structural analyses, PPL-1 consisted of rhamnose, arabinose, fructose, mannose and glucose with a relative molar ratio of 0.39:0.12:0.02:0.03:0.44. The average mol. weight of PPL-1 was 7.3 kDa and it was mainly composed of (1 → 3) and (1 → 6) linkages. PPL-1 exhibited not only scavenging effects on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) free radicals but also hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells effectively by decreasing malondialdehyde content and increasing total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity levels. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6COA of Formula: C4H10O4).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.COA of Formula: C4H10O4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

3-Acyl-4-hydroxycoumarins containing substituents in the benzene nucleus. IV. Syntheses of 3-acyl-5-methyl-4,7-dihydroxycoumarins and their antibacterial properties was written by Iguchi, Sadao;Utsugi, Nobuyuki. And the article was included in Yakugaku Zasshi in 1953.Product Details of 1634-34-0 This article mentions the following:

Orcinol (4 g.) and 3.7 g. CH₂(CN)CO₂Et in 30 ml. Et₂O treated with 2 g. ZnCl₂ and dry HCl gas passed in 2 hrs. gives 2.5 g. 7-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-oxo-4-imino-2,3-dihydro-4H-1-benzopyran (I), m. above 300° (decomposition); 2 g. I in 30 volumes dilute HCl (1:2) heated on a water bath, cooled, and the product filtered, washed with water, and recrystallized from hot water gives 1 g. 5-methyl-4,7-dihydroxycoumarin (II), needles, m. 266-7°. Reaction of 0.6 g. II and 0.26 g. AcCl in 8 ml. C₅H₅N and recrystallization of the product from alc. gives 0.4 g. 3-acetyl-5-methyl-4-hydroxy-7-acetoxycoumarin (III), needles, m. 149-50°, while the above reaction for 3 hrs. at 100-10° gives 0.1 g. III, and the mother liquor from III with 50% alc. yields 0.25 g. 3-acetyl-5-methyl-4,7-dihydroxycoumarin (IV), m. 242-3°. Heating III 30 min. on a water bath with 50 volumes 5% alc. KOH gives IV. Similarly, mild reaction of a 1:1 molar mixture of II and n-C₉H₁₉COCl and recrystallizing of the product from 7% alc. gives 7-decanoyl-5-methyl-4,7-dihydroxycoumarin (V), m. 153.5-4.5°; 3,7-didecanoyl-5-methyl-4,7-dihydroxycoumarin (VI), needles, m. 96-7°; 3-decanoyl-5-methyl-4,7-dihydroxycoumarin (VII), needles, m. 178-9°. Condensation of orcinol and AcCH₂CO₂Et (VIII) in the presence of concentrated H₂SO₄ gives 5-hydroxy-4,7-dimethylcoumarin, m. 252-3° similarly, resorcinol and VIII give 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin, m. 184-5°. II (1 g.) in 10 ml. 10% KOH heated 1 hr. at 110-20°, cooled, acidified with HCl, and let stand give 0.35g.4,2,6-Me(HO)₂C₆H₂Ac, leaves, m.157-8°. IV was effective in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus at the dilution of 1:40000, being 10 times as potent as 3-acetyl-4,7-dihydroxy- and 3-acetyl-4-hydroxycoumarin used as the control. 3-Decanoyl derivatives could not be examined because of their difficult solubility None of these compounds showed any apparent effect on Escherichia coli. Ultraviolet absorption spectra of these compounds are given. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0Product Details of 1634-34-0).

2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Product Details of 1634-34-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Natural-Product-Directed Catalytic Stereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized Fused Borane Cluster-Oxazoles for the Discovery of Bactericidal Agents was written by Varkhedkar, Rajesh;Yang, Fan;Dontha, Rakesh;Zhang, Jianglin;Liu, Jiyong;Spingler, Bernhard;van der Veen, Stijn;Duttwyler, Simon. And the article was included in ACS Central Science in 2022.Formula: C10H20O This article mentions the following:

The identification of an alternative chem. space to address the global challenge posed by emerging antimicrobial resistance is very much needed for the discovery of novel antimicrobial lead compounds B clusters are currently being explored in drug discovery due to their unique steric and electronic properties. However, the challenges associated with the synthesis and derivatization techniques of these compounds have limited their utility in the rapid construction of a library of mols. for screening against various biol. targets as an alternative mol. platform. Herein, the authors report a transition-metal-catalyzed regioselective direct B-H alkylation-annulation of the closo-dodecaborate anion with natural products such as menthol and camphor as the directing groups. This method allowed the rapid construction of a library of 1,2,3-trisubstituted clusters, which were evaluated in terms of their antibacterial activity against WHO priority pathogens. Several of the synthesized dodecaborate derivatives displayed medium- to high-level bactericidal activity against Gram-pos. and Gram-neg. bacteria. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5Formula: C10H20O).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Formula: C10H20O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Thermal decomposition of propylene oxide with different activation energy and Reynolds number in a multicomponent tubular reactor containing a cooling jacket was written by Memon, Abid A.;Memon, M. Asif;Bhatti, Kaleemullah;khan, Ilyas;Alshammari, Nawa;Al-Johani, Amnah S.;Hamadneh, Nawaf N.;Andualem, Mulugeta. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2022.Reference of 57-55-6 This article mentions the following:

In this article, we are focusing on heat and mass transfer through a Multicomponent tubular reactor containing a cooling jacket by thermal decomposition of propylene oxide in water. The chem. reaction is an irreversible, 1st order reaction and an exothermic reaction that yields propylene glycol with enthalpy = -84,666 J/mol. The constant rate of the reaction is followed by the Arrhenius equation in which the activation energy is taken on a trial basis in the range from 75,000 to 80,000 J/mol with a fixed frequency factor. For the fluid to flow, the Reynolds number is kept in the range from 100 to 1000. The three partial differential equations of mass, momentum, and energy are coupled to study heat and mass transfer in a tubular reactor by using the chem. interface in COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4. The initial concentration of propylene oxide is tested in the range from 2 to 3% and the thermal conductivity of the mixture is tested in the range 0.599-0.799. It was found that the amount deactivated of the compound decreases with an increase in Reynolds number Propylene oxide is decomposed at about 99.8% at Re = 100 at lower activation energy and gives the total maximum enthalpy change in the tubular reactor. Observing the relationship between Sherwood numbers to Nusselt numbers, it was deducted that the convective heat transfer is opposite to convective mass transfer for high Reynolds numbers In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Reference of 57-55-6).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Reference of 57-55-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Discovery and SAR Studies of Orally Active Somatostatin Receptor Subtype-2 (SSTR2) Agonists for the Treatment of Acromegaly was written by Ishida, Akiharu;Tajima, Yohei;Okabe, Yasuyuki;Matsushita, Takeshi;Sekiguchi, Tetsuya;Imaide, Satomi;Nomura, Yoshinori;Tanaka, Motoyuki;Nojima, Shoji;Yoshida, Atsushi;Iyoda, Yoko;Aoki, Shohei;Nishio, Takuya;Komagata, Tatsuya;Iwaki, Masanori;Shono, Tomoyuki;Naganawa, Atsushi;Imagawa, Akira. And the article was included in ACS Chemical Neuroscience in 2020.Safety of tert-Butyl (4-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate This article mentions the following:

Acromegaly is a disease caused by the oversecretion of growth hormone. It is currently treated by i.v. injection with cyclic peptide drugs that activate somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2). Here, novel nonpeptidic, small-mol., and orally active SSTR2 agonists were identified from a hit compound (13). Pharmacophore studies enabled scaffold hopping to obtain a unique 3,4,5-trisubstituted pyridine motif. Further optimization conferred potent SSTR2 agonistic activity and metabolic stability. Several compounds were evaluated and these showed good oral pharmacokinetic profiles in rats, and one representative compound (25)(I) showed highly potent inhibition of growth hormone secretion induced by growth hormone-releasing hormone in rats. Based on these results, 25 was identified as a promising lead for further optimization. A structure-activity relationship (SAR) study and the metabolic stability data for this compound are also described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (4-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 224309-64-2Safety of tert-Butyl (4-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate).

tert-Butyl (4-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 224309-64-2) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Safety of tert-Butyl (4-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts