Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Freire, C. S. R. published the artcileLipophilic extractives of the inner and outer barks of Eucalyptus globulus, Safety of 17-Hydroxyheptadecanoic acid, the main research area is Eucalyptus bark extract triterpenoid fatty acid ferulic acid ester.

The chem. compositions of the dichloromethane extracts of inner and outer barks of E. globulus were studied by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry. The two fractions show very different chem. compositions: triterpenic acids, such as betulinic, ursolic and oleanolic acids, were the major components of the outer bark extract, whereas β-sitosterol and β-amirin along with palmitic, linoleic and oleic acids predominate in the inner bark extract Several α- and β-hydroxy fatty acids, recently reported for the first time as E. globulus wood components, were also identified in the outer and inner barks. In the outer bark extract, minor amounts of ferulic acid esters, also previously reported to occur in E. globulus wood were identified. In general, the inner bark lipophilic extractives resemble more closely that of E. globulus wood.

Holzforschung published new progress about Aliphatic alcohols Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 13099-34-8 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 17-Hydroxyheptadecanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C17H34O3, Safety of 17-Hydroxyheptadecanoic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ogneva, Irina V. published the artcileDrosophila melanogaster sperm under simulated microgravity and a hypomagnetic field: motility and cell respiration, Formula: C4H6O5, the main research area is Drosophila melanogaster sperm motility respiration microgravity hypomagnetic field; cell respiration; hypomagnetic field; motility; simulated microgravity; sperm.

The role of the Earth’s gravitational and magnetic fields in the evolution and maintenance of normal processes of various animal species remains unclear. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of simulated microgravity and hypomagnetic conditions for 1, 3, and 6 h on the sperm motility of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. In addition to the usual diet, the groups were administered oral essential phospholipids at a dosage of 500 mg/kg in medium. The speed of the sperm tails was determined by video recording and anal. of the obtained video files, protein content by western blotting, and cell respiration by polarog. The results indicated an increase in the speed of movement of the sperm tails after 6 h in simulated microgravity. The levels of proteins that form the axoneme of the sperm tail did not change, but cellular respiration was altered. A similar effect occurred with the administration of essential phospholipids. These results may be due to a change in the level of phosphorylation of motor proteins. Exposure to hypomagnetic conditions led to a decrease in motility after 6 h against a background of a decrease in the rate of cellular respiration due to complex I of the respiratory chain. This effect was not observed in the flies that received essential phospholipids. However, after 1 h under hypomagnetic conditions, the rate of cellular respiration also increased due to complex I, including that in the sperm of flies receiving essential phospholipids.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Animal gene Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (Cct4). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Formula: C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Aggarwal, Ritesh K. published the artcileFunctional succinate dehydrogenase deficiency is a common adverse feature of clear cell renal cancer, Formula: C4H6O5, the main research area is clear cell renal cancer succinate dehydrogenase CDH1 prognosis; TET-2; kidney cancer; succinate; succinate dehydrogenase.

Reduced succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity resulting in adverse succinate accumulation was previously considered relevant only in 0.05 to 0.5% of kidney cancers associated with germline SDH mutations. Here, we sought to examine a broader role for SDH loss in kidney cancer pathogenesis/progression. We report that underexpression of SDH subunits resulting in accumulation of oncogenic succinate is a common feature in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) (∼80% of all kidney cancers), with a marked adverse impact on survival in ccRCC patients (n = 516). We show that SDH down-regulation is a critical brake in the TCA cycle during ccRCC pathogenesis and progression. In exploring mechanisms of SDH down-regulation in ccRCC, we report that Von Hippel-Lindau loss-induced hypoxia-inducible factor-dependent up-regulation of miR-210 causes direct inhibition of the SDHD transcript. Moreover, shallow deletion of SDHB occurs in ∼20% of ccRCC. We then demonstrate that SDH loss-induced succinate accumulation contributes to adverse loss of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, gain of 5-methylcytosine, and enhanced invasiveness in ccRCC via inhibition of ten-eleven translocation (TET)-2 activity. Intriguingly, binding affinity between the catalytic domain of recombinant TET-2 and succinate was found to be very low, suggesting that the mechanism of succinate-induced attenuation of TET-2 activity is likely via product inhibition rather than competitive inhibition. Finally, exogenous ascorbic acid, a TET-activating demethylating agent, led to reversal of the above oncogenic effects of succinate in ccRCC cells. Collectively, our study demonstrates that functional SDH deficiency is a common adverse feature of ccRCC and not just limited to the kidney cancers associated with germline SDH mutations.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America published new progress about Animal gene Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (TET2). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Formula: C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Zichao published the artcileAnti-diabetic activity evaluation of a polysaccharide extracted from Gynostemma pentaphyllum, Formula: C6H12O6, the main research area is Gynostemma polysaccharide antidiabetic; Anti-diabetic activity; Gynostemma pentaphyllum; Polysaccharide.

In current study, a polysaccharide (GPP) was successfully extracted from Gynostemma pentaphyllum herb. Monosaccharide composition of GPP was rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 4.11: 7.34: 13.31: 20.99: 1.07: 0.91: 4.75: 0.36. Mol. weight and polydispersity (Mw/Mn) of GPP were 4.070 × 104 Da and 1.037, resp. Primary structure features of GPP were determined to be a polysaccharide by FT-IR and NMR. Fasting blood sugar of diabetic mice decreased from 17.56 mmol/L to 7.42 mmol/L by orally administration of 0.5 mL GPP (1 mg/mL) for 30 days. GPP exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition effect on a-glucosidase activity. Moreover, GPP could inhibit the glucose absorption and affect the protein expression of GLUT2, but not the protein expression of SGLT1. These results indicated GPP could be used as an effective ingredient to prevent and cure diabetes.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Animal gene, SGLT1 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Formula: C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gostner, A. published the artcileEffects of isomalt consumption on gastrointestinal and metabolic parameters in healthy volunteers, Quality Control of 64519-82-0, the main research area is isomalt gastrointestine lipid metabolism cholesterol calcium phosphate obesity diabetes.

The polyol isomalt (Palatinit) is a well established sugar replacer. The impact of regular isomalt consumption on metabolism and parameters of gut function in nineteen healthy volunteers was examined in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial with two 4-wk test periods. Volunteers received 30 g isomalt or 30 g sucrose daily as part of a controlled diet. In addition to clin. standard diagnostics, biomarkers and parameters currently discussed as risk factors for CHD, diabetes or obesity were analyzed. Urine and stool Ca and phosphate excretions were measured. In addition, mean transit time, defecation frequency, stool consistency and weight were determined Consumption of test products was affirmed by the urinary excretion of mannitol. Blood lipids were comparable in both phases, especially in volunteers with hyperlipidemia, apart from lower apo A-1 (P = 0·03) for all subjects. Remnant-like particles, oxidized LDL, NEFA, fructosamine and leptin were comparable and not influenced by isomalt. Ca and phosphate homeostasis was not affected. Stool frequency was moderately increased in the isomalt phase (P = 0·006) without changes in stool consistency and stool water. This suggests that isomalt is well tolerated and that consumption of isomalt does not impair metabolic function or induce hypercalciuria. In addition, the study data indicate that isomalt could be useful in improving bowel function.

British Journal of Nutrition published new progress about Apolipoprotein A-I Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, Quality Control of 64519-82-0.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Holub, I. published the artcileImproved metabolic control after 12-week dietary intervention with low glycaemic isomalt in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, COA of Formula: C12H24O11, the main research area is diet polyol isomalt glycemic index diabetes; Palatinit diet glycemic index diabetes carbohydrate metabolism.

The polyol isomalt (Palatinit) is a very low glycemic sugar replacer. The effect of food supplemented with isomalt instead of higher glycemic ingredients like sucrose and/or starch hydrolyzates on metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes was examined in this open study. Thirty-three patients with type 2 diabetes received a diet with foods containing 30 g/d isomalt instead of higher-glycemic carbohydrates for 12 wk. Metformin and/or thiazolidindiones were the only concomitant oral antidiabetics allowed during the study. Otherwise, the participants maintained their usual diet during the test phase, but were instructed to refrain from addnl. sweetened foods. Before start, after 6 wk and 12 wk (completion of the study), blood samples were taken and analyzed for clin. routine parameters, metabolic, and risk markers. Thirty-one patients completed the study. The test diet was well accepted and tolerated. After 12 wk, significant reductions were observed for: glycosylated Hb, fructosamine, fasting blood glucose, insulin, proinsulin, C-peptide, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and oxidized LDL (an atherosclerosis risk factor). In addition, significant lower nonesterified fatty acid concentrations were found in female participants. Routine blood measurements and blood lipids remained unchanged. The substitution of glycemic ingredients by isomalt and the consequent on reduction of the glycemic load within otherwise unchanged diet was accompanied by significant improvement in the metabolic control of diabetes. The present study is in agreement with findings of previous reported studies in human subjects demonstrating beneficial effects of low glycemic diets on glucose metabolism in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.

Hormone and Metabolic Research published new progress about Apolipoprotein A-I Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, COA of Formula: C12H24O11.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sun, Xizhen published the artcileCharacterization of the key aroma compounds in aged Chinese Xiaoqu Baijiu by means of the sensomics approach, COA of Formula: C4H10OS, the main research area is Xiaoqu Baijiu aroma compound sensomics China; AEDA; Aged Chinese Xiaoqu Baijiu; Aroma recombination and omission; OAV.

The aromatic characteristics of Xiaoqu Baijiu differ noticeably and were investigated using the sensomics approach. Aroma extract dilution anal. revealed more aroma-active compounds in aged Xiaoqu Baijiu than fresh Xiaoqu Baijiu, with 55 compounds identified with flavor dilution (FD) factors of ≥8. Using sensomics, 51 odorants were identified as important aroma compounds in aged Xiaoqu Baijiu. Omission models suggested that 3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone (sotolon), vanillin, and 3-(methylthio)propionaldehyde (methional) played critical roles in the overall aroma characteristics of aged Xiaoqu Baijiu. Furthermore, 1,1-dimethoxyethane, 3-methylbutanal, di-Me trisulfide, Et acetate, and Et isovalerate also exhibited significant roles in the aroma characteristics of aged Xiaoqu Baijiu. This work may provide a better understanding on Chinese Xiaoqu Baijiu and the changes of aroma compounds during the aging process of liquor.

Food Chemistry published new progress about Aromatic compounds Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, COA of Formula: C4H10OS.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sharma, Kusha published the artcileEntrapment and release kinetics study of dyes from BSA microspheres forming a matrix and a reservoir system, HPLC of Formula: 111-87-5, the main research area is albumin microsphere dissolution encapsulation.

Two kinds of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA)-loaded microspheres were prepared in water-organic bilayer systems using ultrasonic irradiation The first method included an aqueous solution of BSA and water-soluble dye together, mixed with dodecane, that upon sonication formed a matrix system where the dye is concentrated in the protein shell. The other system included an aqueous solution of BSA mixed with octanol-soluble dye that, upon sonication, formed a reservoir system in which the dye filled the inner volume of the microspheres. Each of these microspheres was prepared with two different dyes and their leaching profiles into pure solvents were studied using UV-vis spectrometry. Fast leaching was observed at the beginning for both systems, which leveled-off after a certain time. For the matrix system, an equilibrium state was obtained after 100-200 h, whereas for the reservoir system, leaching occurred much faster, within 1-3 h. Such systems can serve as models for drug delivery agents.

Journal of Materials Chemistry B: Materials for Biology and Medicine published new progress about Blood serum albumins Role: THU (Therapeutic Use), BIOL (Biological Study), USES (Uses). 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, HPLC of Formula: 111-87-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Rossegger, E. published the artcilePhoto-switching of surface wettability on micropatterned photopolymers for fast transport of water droplets over a long-distance, Quality Control of 7575-23-7, the main research area is resin methacrylate water droplet photopolymer photoswitching wettability micropatterning.

The present work addresses the directional movement of water droplets (2 μL droplet) across a photopolymer surface over a distance of more than 20 mm. The long-distance movement of the droplet is achieved by inscribing multi-gradients onto the surface, which is realized by a photo-induced increase in wettability amplified by a change in surface texture. To create highly hydrophobic surface characteristics, photo-reactive resin formulations containing an o-nitrobenzyl alc. derivative with terminal acrylate groups, a multi-functional thiol and a fluorinated methacrylate monomer are patterned by visible light-assisted nanoimprint lithog. The needle-like surface microstructures in combination with the fluorine groups of the methacrylate monomer enable the formation of photopolymers with static water contact angles in the range of 140°. Along with the change in the chem. surface composition, prolonged UV exposure under air erodes the surface microstructures leading to fully wettable surfaces. The controlled photo-switching between highly hydrophobic (140°) and fully wettable (7°) photopolymer surfaces enables the introduction of wettability gradients by asym. UV irradiation Linear-shaped gradients rapidly drive a water droplet over a distance of 14 mm. By inscribing the wettability gradient in wedge-shaped patterns, a Laplace pressure gradient is addnl. formed, which allows a directed movement of water droplets over a distance of 22 mm.

Polymer Chemistry published new progress about Carboxylic acids Role: FMU (Formation, Unclassified), FORM (Formation, Nonpreparative). 7575-23-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), and the molecular formula is C17H28O8S4, Quality Control of 7575-23-7.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Xia, Xiaofeng published the artcileEffect of heat treatment on whey protein-reduced micellar casein concentrate: A study of texture, proteolysis levels and volatile profiles of Cheddar cheeses produced therefrom, Name: 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, the main research area is whey protein micellar casein concentrate heat treatment texture proteolysis.

Micellar casein concentrate (MCC) of high casein content (93.64% of total protein), was produced by microfiltration of pasteurised skim milk. Cheesemilk of typical (1 x ) or high (1.5 x ) casein content were formulated from MCC which received either: no further heat treatment; pasteurisation (72 °C x 15 s) or high heat treatment (90 °C x 15 s), prior to combination with other membrane streams and cream. Cheddar cheeses were manufactured in triplicate and ripened for 180 days. Cheeses made from pasteurised or high heat treated MCC had similar pH as well as comparable flowability, hardness and volatile profiles over 180 days of ripening. On increasing cheesemilk casein content, levels of primary proteolysis in resultant cheeses decreased, and pH and hardness levels increased. Overall, increasing the heat treatment temperature from 72 to 90 °C for extension of the microbial shelf life of MCC does not impair the texture, functionality and volatile profile of resultant Cheddar cheeses.

International Dairy Journal published new progress about Caseins Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (micellar). 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Name: 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts