Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Ice-forming activity of organic crystal hydrates was written by Chesha, I. I.;Tovbin, M. V.;Nikeshina, I. V.;Shcherbina, L. S.;Kolomiets, N. A.. And the article was included in Fizika Aerodispersnykh Sistem in 1982.Name: rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate This article mentions the following:

The ice-forming activity was studied of 2,4-dioxybenzoic acid (I) [89-86-1], the mol. of which crystallizes with 3 H₂O mols. The specific yield of ice crystals ranges (1.7-8.8) × 10⁹/1 g, in relation to the amount of I added (0.45-1.25 mL) to the solution The anhydrous form of I has a better ice-forming activity than the crystal-hydrates. Comparative data are also obtained for cis-terpin and its crystal hydrate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6Name: rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Name: rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Metabolic shifts during fruit development in pungent and non-pungent peppers was written by Rodrigues-Salvador, Acacio;Lana-Costa, Jaciara;Omena-Garcia, Rebeca Patricia;Batista-Silva, Willian;Scossa, Federico;Rosado-Souza, Laise;Perez-Diaz, Jorge Luis;Menezes-Silva, Paulo Eduardo;DaMatta, Fabio M.;Sulpice, Ronan;Araujo, Wagner L.;Zsogon, Agustin;Fernie, Alisdair R.;Nunes-Nesi, Adriano. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Synthetic Route of C4H10O4 This article mentions the following:

Fruit pungency is caused by the accumulation of capsaicinoids, secondary metabolites whose relation to primary metabolism remains unclear. We have selected ten geog. diverse accessions of Capsicum chinense Jacq with different pungency levels. A detailed metabolic profile was conducted in the fruit placenta and pericarp at 20, 45, and 60 days after anthesis aiming at increasing our understanding of the metabolic changes in these tissues across fruit development and their potential connection to capsaicin metabolism Overall, despite the variation in fruit pungency among the ten accessions, the composition and metabolite levels in both placenta and pericarp were uniformly stable across accessions. Most of the metabolite variability occurred between the fruit developmental stages rather than among the accessions. Interestingly, different metabolite adjustments in the placenta were observed among pungent and non-pungent accessions, which seem to be related to differences in the genetic background. Furthermore, we observed high coordination between metabolites and capsaicin production in C. chinense fruits, suggesting that pungency in placenta is adjusted with primary metabolism In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Synthetic Route of C4H10O4).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Synthetic Route of C4H10O4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Organic solvent free, high performance and cleaning reactive dye ink using hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose for inkjet printing was written by Zhang, Kun;Fang, Kuanjun;Song, Yawei;Sun, Fuyun. And the article was included in Journal of Cleaner Production in 2022.Quality Control of 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) This article mentions the following:

Organic solvents adjusting the surface tension and viscosity of reactive dye inks for good droplet formation has resulted in low dye utilization and serious environmental pollution. Hydroxypropyl Me cellulose (HPMC) has advantages of biocompatibility, renewability and excellent surface tension and viscosity. Here, an organic solvent free dye ink was developed using HPMC and the printability of HPMC/dye inks was compared with diethylene glycol (DEG)/dye inks and com. inks. Only adding 0.6 wt% of HPMC could obtain good droplet formation, while DEG needed to be added by 50 wt%. The HPMC/dye ink printed patterns exhibited much deeper color than the DEG/dye ink and the com. ink due to the less diffusion of HPMC/dye ink to the back of the fabric. Moreover, as the small dosage of HPMC and the poor reactivity between HPMC and reactive dye, the coloring effluent of the HPMC/dye ink was less than the DEG/dye ink and the com. ink. According to the data of World Textile Information Network, HPMC adjusting the jetting performance will save 1.4 billion ¥ than DEG in 2025. The HPMC/dye ink is a clean ink with advantages of high performance and low pollution and cost. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6Quality Control of 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol)).

2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Quality Control of 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol)

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effect of dilution of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and oxalic acid on the production of α-terpineol from terpin hydrate was written by Kullaj, S.. And the article was included in Buletin i Shkencave Natyrore in 1983.Reference of 2451-01-6 This article mentions the following:

Terpin hydrate(I) was dehydrated to α-terpineol(II) by boiling with 0.01-1% H₂SO₄, H₃PO₄, or oxalic acid. H₃PO₄ (0.025%) gave maximum yields of II (98.8%); the reaction mixture contained 72.1% of II. After distillation at 20 mm Hg through a column with 5 distillation plates, a crystalline II was obtained in a fraction boiling at 113-118°. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6Reference of 2451-01-6).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Reference of 2451-01-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Scutellarein attenuates atopic dermatitis by selectively inhibiting transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 channels was written by Wang, Yujing;Tan, Liaoxi;Jiao, Kejun;Xue, Chu;Tang, Qinglian;Jiang, Shan;Ren, Younan;Chen, Hao;El-Aziz, Tarek Mohamed Abd;Abdelazeem, Khalid N. M.;Yu, Ye;Zhao, Fang;Zhu, Michael X.;Cao, Zhengyu. And the article was included in British Journal of Pharmacology in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 499-75-2 This article mentions the following:

Background and Purpose : Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory cutaneous diseases with unmet clin. needs. As a common ingredient found in several medicinal herbs with efficacy on cutaneous inflammatory diseases, Scutellarein (Scu) has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities. We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Scu against AD and its underlying mol. mechanism. Exptl. Approach : Efficacy of Scu on AD was evaluated in 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) and carvacrol-induced dermatitis mouse models. Cytokine mRNA and serum IgE levels were examined using qPCR and ELISA, resp. Voltage clamp recordings were used to measure currents mediated by transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. In silico docking, site-direct mutagenesis, and covalent modification were used to explore the binding pocket of Scu on TRPV3. Key Results : S.c. administration of Scu efficaciously suppresses DNFB and carvacrol-induced pruritus, epidermal hyperplasia and skin inflammation in wild type mice but has no addnl. benefit in Trpv3 knockout mice in the carvacrol model. Scu is a potent and selective TRPV3 channel allosteric neg. modulator with an apparent affinity of 1.18 μM. Mol. docking coupled with site-direct mutagenesis and covalent modification of incorporated cysteine residues demonstrate that Scu targets the cavity formed between the pore helix and transmembrane helix S6. Moreover, Scu attenuates endogenous TRPV3 activity in human keratinocytes and inhibits carvacrol-induced proliferative and proinflammatory responses. Conclusion and Implications : Collectively, these data demonstrate that Scu ameliorates carvacrol-induced skin inflammation by directly inhibiting TRPV3, and TRPV3 represents a viable therapeutic target for AD treatment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2HPLC of Formula: 499-75-2).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.HPLC of Formula: 499-75-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Graphene-reinforced biodegradable resin composites for stereolithographic 3D printing of bone structure scaffolds was written by Feng, Zuying;Li, Yan;Hao, Liang;Yang, Yihu;Tang, Tian;Tang, Danna;Xiong, Wei. And the article was included in Journal of Nanomaterials in 2019.Recommanded Product: 109-17-1 This article mentions the following:

A biodegradable UV-cured resin has been fabricated via stereolithog. apparatus (SLA). The formulation consists of a com. polyurethane resin as an oligomer, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TEGDMA) as a reactive diluent and phenylbis (2, 4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phosphine oxide (Irgacure 819) as a photoinitiator. The tensile strength of the three-dimensional (3D) printed specimens is 68 MPa, 62% higher than that of the reference specimens (produced by direct casting). The flexural strength and modulus can reach 115 MPa and 5.8 GPa, resp. A solvent-free method is applied to fabricate graphene-reinforced nanocomposite. Porous bone structures (a jawbone with a square architecture and a sternum with a round architecture) and gyroid scaffold of graphene-reinforced nanocomposite for bone tissue engineering have been 3D printed via SLA. The UV-crosslinkable graphene-reinforced biodegradable nanocomposite using SLA 3D printing technol. can potentially remove important cost barriers for personalized biol. tissue engineering as compared to the traditional mold-based multistep methods. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Recommanded Product: 109-17-1).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Recommanded Product: 109-17-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Improved and ′Nitrosamines Free′ Process for the Preparation of an α4β2 Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist-Varenicline Tartrate was written by Goura, Ramesh;Katari, Naresh Kumar;Ramprasad, A. K.;Rebelli, Pradeep;Surendra Babu, Manabolu Surya. And the article was included in Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds.Application of 230615-52-8 This article mentions the following:

An improvised and efficient approach for synthesis of α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtype agonist, Varenicline tartrate free from the ′N-nitrosamines′ has been described. The approach involves an improved process for a key intermediate (7,8-dinitro-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,5-methanobenzo[d] azepin-3(2H)-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoro ethanone free from potential genotoxic impurities. Compound is converted into Varenicline base in a single pot process with improved overall yield and quality. Further, Varenicline base is converted into Varenicline tartrate by acid addition salt which provides in quant. yield. This improved process consists of tech. innovations/improvements which eliminate the probability for the formation of critical impurities such as dinitro nitroso impurity , diamino nitroso impurity and varenicline nitroso impurity and other genotoxic impurities such as mono nitro impurity and meta dinitro impurity in the final drug substance and provides ′Nitrosamines free′ varenicline tartrate with good quality and yield. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-1H-1,5-methanobenzo[d]azepine hydrochloride (cas: 230615-52-8Application of 230615-52-8).

2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-1H-1,5-methanobenzo[d]azepine hydrochloride (cas: 230615-52-8) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Application of 230615-52-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

S_N2 Reaction of sulfur nucleophiles with hindered sulfamidates: Enantioselective synthesis of α-methylisocysteine was written by Avenoza, Alberto;Busto, Jesus H.;Jimenez-Oses, Gonzalo;Peregrina, Jesus M.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2006.Recommanded Product: 29364-29-2 This article mentions the following:

The work described here demonstrates that the five-membered cyclic α-methylisoserine-derived sulfamidate (I) behaves as an excellent chiral building block for the ring-opening reaction by S_N2 attack with sulfur nucleophiles at the quaternary carbon. As a synthetic application of this methodol., and to show that this sulfamidate is a valuable starting material, the synthesis of two new α-methylisocysteine derivatives has been carried out to cover the lack of α- and β-methylated amino acids that incorporate the cysteine or isocysteine skeleton. These compounds are two new α,α-disubstituted β-amino acids (β^2,2-amino acids), and the synthetic routes involve nucleophilic ring opening followed by acid hydrolysis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Recommanded Product: 29364-29-2).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Recommanded Product: 29364-29-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A General, Multimetallic Cross-Ullmann Biheteroaryl Synthesis from Heteroaryl Halides and Heteroaryl Triflates was written by Kang, Kai;Loud, Nathan L.;DiBenedetto, Tarah A.;Weix, Daniel J.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2021.Synthetic Route of C9H10BrNO2 This article mentions the following:

A new, general approach to biheteroaryls: the Ni- and Pd-catalyzed multimetallic cross-Ullmann coupling of heteroaryl halides with triflates. An array of 5-membered, 6-membered and fused heteroaryl bromides and chlorides, as well as aryl triflates derived from heterocyclic phenols proved to be viable substrates in this reaction (62 examples, 63 ± 17% average yield). The generality of this approach to biheteroaryls were further demonstrated in 96-well plate format at 10μmol scale. An array of 96 possible products provided >90% hit rate under a single set of conditions. Further, low-yielding combinations was rapidly optimized with a single “Toolbox Plate” of ligands, additives and reductants. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-6-(2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)pyridine (cas: 49669-14-9Synthetic Route of C9H10BrNO2).

2-Bromo-6-(2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)pyridine (cas: 49669-14-9) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Synthetic Route of C9H10BrNO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects of inhomogeneous spatial distribution of aroma compounds on perceived aroma intensity and human eating behavior for neutral pH gels was written by Nakao, Satomi;Ishihara, Sayaka;Nakauma, Makoto;Funami, Takahiro. And the article was included in Food Science and Technology Research in 2013.Related Products of 5743-47-5 This article mentions the following:

Effects of inhomogeneous spatial distribution of aroma compounds were investigated on the perceived aroma intensity and human eating behavior using polysaccharide gels as a food model. Gels tested were structured using gel-in-gel configuration to create different degrees of inhomogeneous spatial aroma distribution, and their pH values were set at neutral (6.7 – 6.8). There were no differences in mech. properties between the structured gels. A greater degree of inhomogeneous spatial aroma distribution increased the perceived aroma intensity, increased the duration of oral processing and suprahyoid musculature activity during oral processing, decreased the particle size of the bolus, and increased the saliva content in the bolus. Effects of pH were compared with our previous report using the same exptl. design but different pH (approx. 4.2), confirming a similar trend in the results. A strategy of food structure design for enhanced perceived aroma intensity and human eating behavior was suggested regardless of gel pH. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5Related Products of 5743-47-5).

Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Related Products of 5743-47-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts