Author: tianli

Marques, Michael A. published the artcileToward an understanding of the chemical etiology for DNA minor-groove recognition by polyamides, Safety of Thiophen-3-ol, the publication is Helvetica Chimica Acta (2002), 85(12), 4485-4517, database is CAplus.

Crescent-shaped polyamides composed of aromatic amino acids, i.e., 1-methyl-1H-imidazole Im, 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole Py, and 3-hydroxy-1H-pyrrole Hp, bind in the minor groove of DNA as 2:1 and 1:1 ligand/DNA complexes. DNA-Sequence specificity can be attributed to shape-selective recognition and the unique corners or pairs of corners presented by each heterocycle(s) to the edges of the base pairs on the floor of the minor groove. Here we examine the relationship between heterocycle structure and DNA-sequence specificity for a family of five-membered aromatic amino acids. By means of quant. DNase-I footprinting, the recognition behavior of polyamides containing eight different aromatic amino acids, i.e., 1-methyl-1H-pyrazole Pz, 1H-pyrrole Nh, 5-methylthiazole Nt, 4-methylthiazole Th, 3-methylthiophene Tn, thiophene Tp, 3-hydroxythiophene Ht, and furan Fr, were compared with the polyamides containing the parent-ring amino acids Py, Im, and Hp for their ability to discriminate between the four Watson-Crick base pairs in the DNA minor groove. Anal. of the data and mol. modeling showed that the geometry inherent to each heterocycle plays a significant role in the ability of polyamides to differentiate between DNA sequences. Binding appears sensitive to changes in curvature complementarity between the polyamide and DNA. The Tn/Py pair affords a modest 3-fold discrimination of T · A vs. A · T and suggests that an S-atom in the thiophene ring prefers to lie opposite T not A.

Helvetica Chimica Acta published new progress about 17236-59-8. 17236-59-8 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Thiophene,Alcohol, name is Thiophen-3-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H4OS, Safety of Thiophen-3-ol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Alder, Kurt published the artcileSubstituting additions. IX. Substituting addition and diene synthesis with methylenecyclobutane, Safety of 1-Methylcyclobutan-1-ol, the publication is Chemische Berichte (1952), 556-65, database is CAplus.

cf. C.A. 44, 2927i. The substituting addition of maleic anhydride (I) to methylenecyclobutane (II), which is similar to the addition of I to methylenecyclohexane and -pentane, is studied. Heating an intimate mixture of 400 g. pentaerythrityl tetrabromide and 410 g. Zn dust in 600 cc. H₂O slowly to 85° with stirring and adding over a period of 2 hrs. 300 cc. MeOH in small portions give 70-85% II, b. 41-2°. Heating 25 cc. II and 50 g. I in 50 cc. dry C₆H₆ in a bomb tube 30 hrs. at 190-5°, washing the reaction product with Me₂CO into a beaker, and allowing the solvent to evaporate cause the crystallization of 35% adduct (III), consisting of 1 mol. II and 2 mols. I, m. 170-1°, which, on standing in the open air, changes to a tetracarboxylic acid (IV), m. 165-6°. On catalytic hydrogenation of 1 g. IV in AcOEt with PtO₂, the saturated tetracarboxylic acid, m. 193°, is formed. Heating 1.5 g. III and 1.4 g. S 2.5 hrs. at 240-5°, dissolving the reaction products in Na₂CO₃, oxidizing with KMnO₄, destroying the excess KMnO₄ with NaHSO₃, washing with ether, acidifying, evaporating the filtered solution in vacuo to dryness, and extracting the residue with hot Me₂CO give a tetracarboxylic acid (V) of Va as an oil. Oxidation of V with concentrated HNO₃ on a water bath and, finally, in a bomb tube at 165° gives trimellitic acid (VI), m. 221°, which, heated above its m.p. and sublimed, gives the anhydride, m. 161°. Distilling the residue of the mother liquor of III in vacuo gives 3 g. of a fraction, b₁₃ 155-60°, which, dissolved in Na₂CO₃, filtered, acidified, and extracted with ether, gives the dicarboxylic acid (VII), of VIIa, an adduct of 1 mol. isoprene and 1 mol. I, m. 155°. When hydrogenated in AcOEt in the presence of PtO₂, VII gives 4-methylcyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, m. 165°. Heating 1 g. VII with 0.35 g. S 2.5 hrs. at 230-5° and then heating the reaction product with concentrated HNO₃, finally 6 hrs. in a bomb tube at 160°, give VI. The formation of VII is the result of a rearrangement of II via CH₂.CH₂.CH:CMe to CH₂:CHCMe:CH₂. Heating 20 cc. II and 35 cc. freshly distilled CH₂:CHCO₂H in 40 cc. dry C₆H₆ 30 hrs. at 200° and fractionally distilling in vacuo the reaction product from 2 runs give 45% distillate (VIII), b₁₃ 120-45°. Shaking VIII with ether and dilute KOH, acidifying the alk. solution with HCl, and extracting with ether give 18 g. of an acid mixture which, redistilled, b₁₃ 130-8°. It is separated into 7.2 g. crystalline 4-methyl-Δ³-tetrahydrobenzoic acid (IX), m. 100° (anilide, prepared via its Me ester, long needles, m. 154°; hydrazide, long silky nedles, m. 151-2°), and 7.9 g. of an oily adduct (X), CH₂.CMe:CH.CH₂.CH₂.CHCO₂H. Hydrogenating IX with PtO₂ in AcOEt and treating the Me ester, prepared with CH₂N₂, with PhNH₂ give the anilide of the saturated acid, C₁₄H₁₉ON, long needles, m. 130-1°. Ozonization of 2.5 g. IX in 100 cc. AcOEt with O containing 3-4% O₃ and reduction of the reaction product with PtO₂ and a few drops MeOH give MeCOCH₂CH₂CH(CO₂H)CH₂CO₂H, hard crystals, m. 122-3° (semicarbazone, m. 178°). Heating 1 g. IX with 4 cc. concentrated H₂SO₄ 15 min. on a boiling water bath and pouring the mixture on ice give p-MeC₆H₄CO₂H, m. 178°, in good yield. Heating 1.4 g. IX 2.5 hrs. at 230-5° with 0.64 g. S, dissolving the reaction product in Na₂CO₃, treating it with KMnO₄, decolorizing with NaHSO₃, and acidifying give p-C₆H₄(CO₂H)₂ (di-Me ester, m. 140°). Heating 1.4 g. X 2.5 hrs. at 230-5° with 0.64 g. S gives m-MeC₆H₄CO₂H, m. 110°, which, oxidized with KMnO₄, gives m-C₆H₄(CO₂H)₂ (di-Me ester m. 68°). Distillation of the residue of the washed ether solution obtained in the working up of VIII gives 10 g. 1-hydroxy-1-methylcyclobutane (XI) acrylate (XII), b₁₃ 125°, which (8 g.), refluxed 6 hrs. with concentrated KOH-MeOH, gives XI, b. 117-20° (phenylurethan m. 139°). Ozonization of XII gives HCHO. Acidification of the alk. solution gives 1.5 g. IX. Heating 20 cc. II and 20 cc. AcOH 48 hrs. at 200°, diluting the mixture with H₂O, and distilling the washed (dilute Na₂CO₃, H₂O) oil give 9 g. of a mixture, b. 140-200°. Saponification with KOH-MeOH of the fraction, b. 130-60°, gives XI. Refluxing 4 g. of the fraction, b. 170-85°, 4 hrs. with 2 g. I in a little ether, distilling off the ether and unreacted reagents, and dissolving the residue in hot concentrated Na₂CO₂H give the Na salt of an adduct of I with α-terpinene, as fatty shiny scales. Heating the free acid above its m.p. gives the anhydride, m. 62-3°.

Chemische Berichte published new progress about 20117-47-9. 20117-47-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbon,Alcohol, name is 1-Methylcyclobutan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C5H10O, Safety of 1-Methylcyclobutan-1-ol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Su, Weiwei published the artcileStudy on the efficacy and safety of ambroxol combined with methylprednisolone in patients with acute lung injury, Product Details of C13H19Br2ClN2O, the publication is BioMed Research International (2021), 5771101, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

There is no better treatment method towards paraquat-induced acute lung injury (ALI) at present. Ambroxol combined with methylprednisolone exhibits a significant improvement effect on ALI treatment, whereas their mechanism in ALI is still unclear. 64 Patients with ALI caused by paraquat poisoning brought to author’s hospital from Jan. 2015 to Jan. 2018 were selected. They were separated into a combined treatment group (CTG) and a routine treatment group (RTG) on the basis of different treatment methods. The survival of patients was observed after 7 days of treatment. Arterial blood gas, oxygen partial pressure (PaO₂), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), oxygenation index (PaO₂/FiO₂), patient’s spontaneous respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume (VT), and pos. end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) were observed before and after treatment for 7 days. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were analyzed. The differences of indexes between the dead patients and the survivors were observed, and the potential predictive value of death was analyzed. After treatment, the indexes of patients were significantly improved in both groups compared with those before therapy. Further comparison showed that the improvement of PaO₂, PaCO₂, and PaO₂/FiO₂ in CTG was obviously higher than that in RTG (p < 0.05). The improvement of RR, PEEP, and VT in CTG was obviously higher than that in RTG (p < 0.05). The decreased degree of IL-6 and TNF-α in CTG was higher than that in RTG (p < 0.05). The 7-day mortality rate of 64 patients was 39.06%, and there was no obvious difference in the 7-day survival rate in both groups (p = 0.649). IL-6 and TNF-α were expected to be potential prediction indexes of paraquat-induced ALI. Ambroxol combined with methylprednisolone significantly improved the oxygen partial pressure and oxygenation index of patients with paraquat-induced ALI and inhibited the inflammatory response of patients.

BioMed Research International published new progress about 23828-92-4. 23828-92-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel,Sodium Channel, name is trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C14H26O2, Product Details of C13H19Br2ClN2O.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Li, Lingxiao published the artcileHydrogen-Free Production of 4-Alkylphenols from Lignin via Self-Reforming-Driven Depolymerization and Hydrogenolysis, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is ACS Catalysis (2020), 10(24), 15197-15206, database is CAplus.

Lignin is constructed from methoxylated phenylpropanoid with plenty of hydroxy and methoxy groups. Its conversion to valuable products is extremely attractive but especially challenging without addnl. hydrogen sources. Herein we report a hydrogen-free production of 4-alkylphenols directly from native lignin via self-reforming-driven depolymerization and hydrogenolysis over Pt/NiAl₂O₄. This is the first example of acquiring 4-alkylphenols from native lignin. Using this strategy, high yields of 4-alkylphenols, 17.3 wt %, were obtained from birch lignin. Reaction pathway and mechanism studies revealed that this strategy initiates from the reforming of aliphatic hydroxys, followed by the cleavage of C-O linkages, and ends via demethoxylation over Pt/NiAl₂O₄. Moreover, the subsequent aqueous phase reforming of the as-formed methanol accelerates the whole process. This strategy realizes the one-pot production of 4-alkylphenols from lignin by fully utilizing the structural hydrogen in lignin and H₂O, providing a low-cost and safe method of lignin valorization.

ACS Catalysis published new progress about 645-56-7. 645-56-7 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Liquid Crystal &OLED Materials, name is 4-Propylphenol, and the molecular formula is C9H12O, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gong, Weitao published the artcileβ-Diketone boron difluoride dye-functionalized conjugated microporous polymers for efficient aerobic oxidative photocatalysis, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Catalysis Science & Technology (2021), 11(11), 3905-3913, database is CAplus.

Incorporation of organic chromophores into conjugated micro/mesoporous polymers (CMPs) provides a promising avenue for developing recyclable heterogeneous photocatalysts by overcoming tedious separation and low reusability of homogeneous organic dye-based photocatalysts. However, the design principle and the underlying structure-property relationship for fabricating and selecting various organic dye-embedded CMPs for efficient photocatalysis have not been well-constructed so far. In this study, we described the rational fabrication of two new CMPs via the one-step Sonogashira coupling using β-diketone boron difluoride dye as the key linker and commonly used building blocks (triphenylamine/triphenylbenzene) as the cores. The resulting boron-dye containing CMPs were efficiently employed as the metal-free photocatalysts in two typical aerobic oxidative organic transformations including coupling of benzylamine and oxidation of aryl boronic acids to corresponding aryl phenols, which have never been explored with other boron-dye-embedded CMPs. They exhibited superior photocatalytic performance compared to their boron-free counterparts due to their wide visible-light absorption, narrow optical bandgaps, and extended π-conjugation due to boron-complexation. The present study establishes β-diketone boron difluoride dyes as efficient building blocks for fabricating new CMP-based photocatalysts.

Catalysis Science & Technology published new progress about 17236-59-8. 17236-59-8 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Thiophene,Alcohol, name is Thiophen-3-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H4OS, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Han, Yunfei published the artcileAn Efficiency of 16.46% and a T₈₀ Lifetime of Over 4000 h for the PM6:Y6 Inverted Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Surface Acid Treatment of the Zinc Oxide Electron Transporting Layer, Application of 2-Phenylethanethiol, the publication is ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (2021), 13(15), 17869-17881, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

For the inverted organic solar cells (OSCs), the interface contacts between the ZnO electron transporting layer and the organic active layer play an important role in the device performance and stability. Since the solution-processed ZnO surface always contains some base or zinc salt contaminants, we explored how the surface pH conditions influence the performance and stability of the nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) cells. A tight relationship between the surface pH condition and the device performance and stability was established. Specifically, device performance and stability were improved by treating the ZnO films with acid solutions but worsened after base treatment. The large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface of the solution-processed ZnO films was proved to be the main reason for the surface pH condition-related performance, which caused oxygen-deficient defects and unfavorable vertical phase separation in the blend films, hindered the photogenerated charge transfer and collection, and consequently resulted in low short-circuit c.d. and power conversion efficiency (PCE). The surface -OH groups also boosted the photocatalytic activity and led to fast degradation of the nonfullerene acceptor. Removal of the surface -OH groups can alleviate such problems. Different acid solutions, ZrAcac, 2-phenylethylmercaptan (PET), and glutamic acid (GC), were used to treat the ZnO films, and PET treatment was the most effective treatment for performance improvement. An efficiency of 16.46% was achieved for the PM6:Y6 cells and the long-term stability under continuous illumination conditions was significantly improved with a T₈₀ lifetime of over 4000 h (4410 h), showing the excellent long-term stability of this heterojunction solar cell. Our understanding of the surface pH condition-related device performance and stability would guide the development of a feasible method for solving the interface problems in OSCs. We also provide a practical strategy to modify ZnO with acid solutions for high-performance and stable NFA OSCs.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces published new progress about 4410-99-5. 4410-99-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Thiol,Benzene, name is 2-Phenylethanethiol, and the molecular formula is C8H10S, Application of 2-Phenylethanethiol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Reed, John H. published the artcileA 1,3,2-Diazaphospholene-Catalyzed Reductive Claisen Rearrangement, Synthetic Route of 83706-94-9, the publication is Angewandte Chemie, International Edition (2019), 58(26), 8893-8897, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

1,3,2-Diazaphospholenes (DAPs) are an emerging class of organic hydrides. In this work, we exploited them as efficient catalysts for very mild reductive Claisen rearrangements. The method is tolerant towards a wide variety of functional groups and operates at ambient temperature Besides being enantiospecific for substrates with existing stereogenic centers, the diastereoselectivity can be switched by varying solvents and DAP catalysts. The reaction kinetics show direct rearrangements of O-bound phospholene enolates and provide a proof-of-principle for catalytic enantioselective reactions.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about 83706-94-9. 83706-94-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethylated Building Blocks, name is (E)-4,4,4-Trifluorobut-2-en-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H5F3O, Synthetic Route of 83706-94-9.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Draelos, Zoe Diana published the artcileThe effect of an anti-inflammatory botanical cleanser/night mask combination on facial redness reduction, SDS of cas: 70445-33-9, the publication is Journal of Drugs in Dermatology (2018), 17(6), 671-676, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Facial redness is a common difficult to control cosmetic problem representing various phases of rosacea. Using anti-inflammatory/antioxidant botanicals in moisturizer formulations is a possible approach to minimizing the erythema.This research utilized a common facial cleanser, but only applied the botanically based moisturizer to one half face to properly assess efficacy. 30 female subjects Filzpatrick skin types l-IV 30-55 years of age with mild to moderate chronic facial redness, defined as a redness score of 3-6 on a 10-point scale, were enrolled. By the end of week 4, statistically significant improvement was seen on the cleanser/mask treated side in scaling (P<0.001), flaking (P<0.001), tactile smoothness (P<0.001), textural smoothness (P<0.001), firmness (P<0.001), radiance (Pc0.001), luminosity (P<0.001), and overall appearance (P<0.001).Thus, cosmetic moisturizers may be useful in reducing facial redness.

Journal of Drugs in Dermatology published new progress about 70445-33-9. 70445-33-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C11H24O3, SDS of cas: 70445-33-9.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Lewinska, Agnieszka published the artcileTargeted hybrid nanocarriers as a system enhancing the skin structure, Safety of 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol, the publication is Molecules (2021), 26(4), 1063, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The skin is constantly exposed to external and internal factors that disturb its function. In this work, two nanosystems-levan nanoparticles and a surfactin-stabilized nanoemulsion were preserved (tested for microbial growth) and characterized (size, polydispersity, Zeta potential, and stability). The nanosystems were introduced in the model formulations-cream, tonic, and gel, and confirmed by TEM. The anal. showed that nanoemulsion has a spherical morphol. and size 220- 300 nm, while levan nanoparticles had irregular shapes independently of the use of matrix and with particle size (130-260 nm). Addnl., we examined the antiradical effect of levan nanoparticles and nanoemulsion in the prototype of formulations by scavenging DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; EPR spectroscopy). The model cream with both nanosystems and the whole range of products with nanosystems were evaluated in vivo for hydration, elasticity, smoothness, wrinkles and vascular lesions, discoloration, resp. The cream improved skin condition in all tested parameters in at least 50% of volunteers. The use of more comprehensive care, addnl. consisting of a tonic and gel, reduced the previously existing skin discoloration to 10.42 ± 0.58%. The presented prototype formulations are promising in improving skin conditions.

Molecules published new progress about 70445-33-9. 70445-33-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C11H24O3, Safety of 3-((2-Ethylhexyl)oxy)propane-1,2-diol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Weber, Edwin published the artcileVersatile and convenient lattice hosts derived from singly bridged triarylmethane frameworks. X-ray crystal structures of three inclusion compounds, Computed Properties of 596-38-3, the publication is Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2: Physical Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) (1990), 2167-77, database is CAplus.

A new family of host mols., based on the singly bridged triarylmethanol and triarylacetic acid frameworks, is described. These hosts form crystalline inclusions with a variety of uncharged organic mols. ranging from protic dipolar to apolar compounds (130 different species). The formation and stoichiometry depend in a systematic manner on structural parameters of the host, such as the nature of the functional group and the substituents, and on the substituent positions. The crystal structures of three inclusion compounds [I (R = OH)·benzene (8:3), I (R = OH)·dioxane (4:3), and I (R = CO₂H)·EtOH (1:1)] have been studied by x-ray diffraction. They reveal the building principles of the new inclusion family. In the crystals of I (R = OH)·benzene (8:3), the benzene is interstitially entrapped by H-bonded tetramer clusters of I (R = OH). Crystals of I (R = OH)·dioxane (4:3) are built of H-bonded 2:1 host-guest complexes including interstitial mols. of dioxane. In the case of I (R = CO₂H)·EtOH (1:1), the building principle is formation of 2:2 host-guest clusters via a twelve-membered H-bonded ring.

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2: Physical Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) published new progress about 596-38-3. 596-38-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Benzene,Alcohol, name is 9-Phenyl-9H-xanthen-9-ol, and the molecular formula is C17H18N2O6, Computed Properties of 596-38-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts