Month: February 2023

Effects of phenanthrene on the essential oil composition and leaf metabolome in peppermint plants (Mentha piperita L.) was written by Li, Jian;Xu, Jie;Yang, Xinping;Ren, Lili;Wang, Yi;Ma, Di;Fan, Ping;Wang, Haifeng;Liu, Longxiang;Dong, Bin;Chen, Qingfeng;Wu, Tao. And the article was included in Industrial Crops and Products in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 2216-51-5 This article mentions the following:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an important type of persistent organic pollutant that endangers soil ecosystems and human health. Cultivating aromatic plants in PAH-contaminated soils is considered a safe and sustainable phytoremediation strategy to mitigate PAH soil pollution. However, the impact of PAHs on plant essential oils and the metabolic responses within aromatic plants remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of the model PAH phenanthrene (Phe) on the chem. composition of essential oils in the ubiquitous aromatic plant peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) using gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 56 essential oil components were identified in the plants, among which the ratios of 21 components were significantly altered by Phe exposure. However, the fundamental components of peppermint essential oils including menthol, menthone, menthofuran, and pulegone did not exhibit considerable changes in levels. Thus, Phe stress may have little effect on the primary characteristics of peppermint essential oils. We also evaluated the effects of Phe treatment on metabolome dynamics within peppermint leaves by detecting metabolites in leaves treated with Phe for 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days (d) using non-targeted metabolomics. Compared with their corresponding control groups, 26 key different metabolites in the Phe-treated groups were identified and annotated via enrichment anal. with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. Enriched metabolites were primarily involved in the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), phenylpropanoid metabolism, amino acids, and the formation of vitamin C and caffeine. Phe treatment significantly promoted the oxidation of UFAs, phenylpropanoid metabolism, and histidine production in the first three days of Phe treatment. After 3 d, Phe gradually suppressed the oxidation of UFAs and -glutamic acid production, while promoting phenylpropanoid metabolism, in addition to the synthesis of vitamin C and caffeine. The dynamic changes in metabolic pathway functioning in Phe-treated peppermint leaves reveal adaptive defensive mechanisms to mitigate Phe stress. This study provides new insights into the responses of aromatic plants toward PAH stress, while also providing a reference for the application of aromatic plants in the phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5HPLC of Formula: 2216-51-5).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 2216-51-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Novel condensation products of diketene was written by Marcus, E.;Chan, John K.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1967.COA of Formula: C9H10O3 This article mentions the following:

A study of some self-condensation products of diketene was undertaken. In addition to dehydroacetic acid (I), 3,9-diacetyl-4,5,10-trimethyl-2H,8H-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b’]dipyran-2,8-dione (II), 3,6-diacetyl-4,7-dimethyl-5-hydroxycoumarin (III), and 3,8-diacetyl-4,7-dimethyl-5-hydroxycoumarin (IV) were identified as condensation products of diketene. Support for these proposed structures was obtained by degradations, rearrangements, independent syntheses, and spectral data. A mechanism that rationalizes the formation of II, III, and IV is suggested. A newly discovered reaction by which II, III, and IV can be made directly from diketene in 26, 13, and 10% yields, resp., is also reported. 12 references. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0COA of Formula: C9H10O3).

2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.COA of Formula: C9H10O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Transfer hydrogenation of aldehydes catalyzed by silyl hydrido iron complexes bearing a [PSiP] pincer ligand was written by Zhang, Peng;Li, Xiaoyan;Qi, Xinghao;Sun, Hongjian;Fuhr, Olaf;Fenske, Dieter. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2018.Application of 1777-82-8 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis and characterization of a series of silyl hydrido iron complexes bearing a pincer-type [PSiP] ligand (2-R₂PC₆H₄)₂SiH₂ (R = Ph (1) and ⁱPr (5)) or (2-Ph₂PC₆H₄)₂SiMeH (2) were reported. Preligand 1 reacted with Fe(PMe₃)₄ to afford complex ((2-Ph₂PC₆H₄)SiH)Fe(H)(PMe₃)₂ (3) in toluene, which was structurally characterized by x-ray diffraction. ((2-ⁱPr₂PC₆H₄)SiH)Fe(H)(PMe₃) (6) could be obtained from the reaction of preligand 5 with Fe(PMe₃)₄ in toluene. Furthermore, complex ((2-ⁱPr₂PC₆H₄)Si(OMe))Fe(H)(PMe₃) (7) was isolated by the reaction of complex 6 with 2 equiv MeOH in THF. The mol. structure of complex 7 was also determined by single-crystal x-ray anal. Complexes 3, 4, 6 and 7 showed good to excellent catalytic activity for transfer hydrogenation of aldehydes under mild conditions, using 2-propanol as both solvent and hydrogen donor. α,β-Unsaturated aldehydes could be selectively reduced to corresponding α,β-unsaturated alcs. The catalytic activity of penta-coordinate complex 6 or 7 is stronger than that of hexa-coordinate complex 3 or 4. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8Application of 1777-82-8).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Application of 1777-82-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Modeling and synthesis of non-cyclic derivatives of GPI-1046 as potential FKBP ligands with neurotrophic properties was written by Zhao, Liqin;Liu, Hongying;Wang, Lili;Li, Song. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2006.HPLC of Formula: 94022-96-5 This article mentions the following:

Prompted by the therapeutic potential of the neuroimmunophilin FK506-binding protein (FKBP) ligand, GPI-1046, in the treatment of nerve injuries and neurodegenerative diseases, a novel series of noncyclic derivatives of GPI-1046 were designed and synthesized. Computer modeling anal. revealed that these relatively linear derivatives could energy-favorably bind to FKBP12 with an analogous binding mode to GPI-1046. The neurotrophic activity of the target compounds was assessed in chick dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cultures. As a result, 6 out of 11 test compounds at either or both concentrations of 1 pM and 100 pM significantly promoted neurite outgrowth in DRGs in the presence of 0.15 ng/mL nerve growth factor (NGF). Compound (I) at 100 pM exhibited the greatest neurotrophic effect in promoting both the number and length of neurite processes. However, in the absence of exogenously added NGF, all test compounds, including GPI-1046, failed to afford any pos. effect on DRGs. This study suggests the intriguing potential of these compounds for further investigation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5HPLC of Formula: 94022-96-5).

2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.HPLC of Formula: 94022-96-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects of vaginal conjugated equine estrogens and ospemifene on the rat vaginal wall and lower urinary tract. was written by Maldonado, P Antonio;Montoya, T Ignacio;Acevedo, Jesus F;Keller, Patrick W;Word, R Ann. And the article was included in Biology of reproduction in 2017.Related Products of 128607-22-7 This article mentions the following:

Although the positive effects of vaginal estrogens and the selective estrogen receptor modulator, ospemifene (OS), on the vaginal epithelium are well recognized, less is known regarding the effects of these therapies on the lower urinary tract or vaginal muscularis. Clinical evidence suggests that vaginally administered estrogen may improve overactive bladder-related symptoms. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of OS, vaginal conjugated equine estrogens (CEE), or both on the vaginal wall and lower urinary tract in a rat model of menopause. Contractile force of the bladder neck, dome, and external urethral sphincter at optimal field stimulation did not differ significantly among treatment groups. Pharmacologic responses to atropine, carbachol, and potassium chloride were similar among groups. Vaginal epithelial thickness and differentiation were differentially regulated by CEE or OS. Ospemifene altered epithelial differentiation pathways in vaginal epithelium in a unique way, and these effects were additive with local CEE. Unless contraindicated, the beneficial effects of vaginal CEE on the vaginal wall outweigh those of OS. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Related Products of 128607-22-7).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Related Products of 128607-22-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dual Gold-Catalyzed Formal Tetradehydro-Diels-Alder Reactions for the Synthesis of Carbazoles and Indolines was written by Wang, Hong-Fa;Wang, Shi-Yue;Qin, Tian-Zhu;Zi, Weiwei. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2018.Application In Synthesis of (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

A dual gold-catalyzed tetradehydro-Diels-Alder reaction was reported for the synthesis of indolines and carbazoles as well as other N-containing aromatic heterocycles, e.g., I, from yne-ynamides in high yields with good functional group tolerance. Unlike the traditional thermal tetradehydro-Diels-Alder reactions, diluted reaction concentration and radical prohibitors were not required for this protocol. Exptl. data supported a mechanism involving gold vinylidene species, which undergoes a 6 π electrocyclization, followed with 1,2-hydrogen shift. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Application In Synthesis of (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Application In Synthesis of (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts