Month: February 2023

Inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis promotes the production of 1-octen-3-ol through mevalonic acid was written by Jin, Yuxi;Yuan, Xiaoya;Liu, Jianfeng;Wen, Jie;Cui, Huanxian;Zhao, Guiping. And the article was included in Food Research International in 2022.COA of Formula: C8H16O This article mentions the following:

1-Octen-3-ol makes an important contribution to meat flavor. The goal of this study was to identify the metabolic pathways of 1-octen-3-ol formation in meat. We found 218 metabolites associated with 1-octen-3-ol content in 20 samples of chicken meat, including mevalonic acid (pos. correlation), corticosterone (neg. correlation), and other lipids and lipid-like mols. Among these 218 metabolites, 17 metabolites were differentially expressed in different 1-octen-3-ol content groups. Similarly, 37 genes were not only differentially expressed, but were significantly correlated with 1-octen-3-ol. The regulation of HSP90AA1, PTPN9, and other genes converted more mevalonic acid to 1-octen-3-ol. Meanwhile, mevalonic acid, a key material in the synthesis of cholesterol, caused a decrease in corticosterone content, affecting ZNF414 and KLF15 gene expression. These findings reveal the effect of cholesterol on 1-octen-3-ol content, as well as a pos. regulation of mevalonic acid on the production of 1-octen-3-ol in chicken meat. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4COA of Formula: C8H16O).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.COA of Formula: C8H16O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Antiproliferative activity and SARs of caffeic acid esters with mono-substituted phenylethanols moiety was written by Xie, Jin;Yang, Fengzhi;Zhang, Man;Lam, Celine;Qiao, Yixue;Xiao, Jia;Zhang, Dongdong;Ge, Yuxuan;Fu, Lei;Xie, Dongsheng. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2017.COA of Formula: C9H9F3O This article mentions the following:

A series of caffeic acid phenylethyl ester (CAPE) derivatives with mono-substituted phenylethanols moiety were synthesized and evaluated by MTT assay on growth of 4 human cancer cell lines (Hela, DU-145, MCF-7 and ECA-109). The substituent effects on the antiproliferative activity were systematically investigated for the first time. It was found that electron-donating and hydrophobic substituents at 2′-position of phenylethanol moiety could significantly enhance CAPE’s antiproliferative activity. 2′-Propoxyl derivative, as a novel caffeic acid ester, exhibited exquisite potency (IC₅₀ = 0.4 卤 0.02 & 0.6 卤 0.03 渭M against Hela and DU-145 resp.). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6COA of Formula: C9H9F3O).

2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.COA of Formula: C9H9F3O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Unusual clinical presentation of allergic contact dermatitis to topical minoxidil was written by Feryel, Amri;Mouna, Korbi;Nesrine, Ben Salah;Hichem, Belhadjali;Jameleddine, Zili. And the article was included in Contact Dermatitis in 2022.Safety of 1,2-Propanediol This article mentions the following:

This article illustrates the unusual clin. presentation of allergic contact dermatitis to topical minoxidil. A 23-yr-old man, with no particular medical history, presented with erythema, itch, increased scaling of the scalp and a cervical lymphadenopathy, without any clin. sign of cutaneous infection. A complete ear, nose, throat examination excluded other cause for this cervical lymphadenopathy. The rest of phys. examination was within normal levels. He used 5% topical minoxidil solution (minoxidil 5%, propylene glycol) as a treatment for an AGA, 3 mo ago. He reported that the lesions on the scalp and the cervical lymphadenopathy first appeared some days after beginning the treatment with minoxidil and became aggravated progressively with subsequent applications. Several attempts of treatment reintroduction induced the recurrence of the same lesions on the scalp associated with cervical lymphadenopathy. ACD to minoxidil or conservatives was suspected. Patch testing was performed with minoxidil 5% solution ‘as is’ and propylene glycol. These tests were applied on the back. The readings were performed on day (D) 2 and D3 according to the ICDRG criteria and showed a pos. reaction for minoxidil 5% solution ‘as is’ (++). The patch test to propylene glycol showed no reaction. Eviction of minoxidil induced a long-lasting remission and complete resolution of the lymphadenopathy. No further episodes were noted after 3 mo of follow-up. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Safety of 1,2-Propanediol).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Safety of 1,2-Propanediol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Radical 1,4-Aryl Migration Enabled Remote Cross-Electrophile Coupling of 伪-Amino-尾-Bromo Acid Esters with Aryl Bromides was written by Tang, Shi;Xu, Zhen-Hua;Liu, Ting;Wang, Shuo-Wen;Yu, Jian;Liu, Jian;Hong, Yu;Chen, Shi-Lu;He, Jin;Li, Jin-Heng. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021.COA of Formula: C12H16BBrO2 This article mentions the following:

Here an unprecedented, efficient nickel-catalyzed radical relay was reported for the remote cross-electrophile coupling of 尾-bromo-伪-benzylamino acid esters with aryl bromides via 1,4-aryl migration/arylation cascades. 尾-Bromo-伪-benzylamino acid esters were considered as unique mol. scaffolds allowing for aryl migration reactions, which were conceptually novel variants for the radical Truce-Smiles rearrangement. This reaction enabled the formation of two new C(sp3)-C(sp2) bonds using a bench-stable Ni/bipyridine/Zn system featuring a broad substrate scope and excellent diastereoselectivity, which provided an effective platform for the remote aryl group migration and arylation of amino acid esters via redox-neutral C(sp3)-C(sp2) bond cleavage. Mechanistically, this cascade reaction was accomplished by combining two powerful catalytic cycles consisting of a cross-electrophile coupling and radical 1,4-aryl migration through the generation of C(sp3)-centered radical intermediates from the homolysis of C(sp3)-Br bonds and the switching of the transient alkyl radical into a robust 伪-aminoalkyl radical. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4COA of Formula: C12H16BBrO2).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R鈥昈鈭?. For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.COA of Formula: C12H16BBrO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Configuration of nitrogen-containing compounds. VI. Configuration of substituted 2-aminocyclohexanols was written by Kovar, Jan;Blaha, Karel. And the article was included in Chemicke Listy pro Vedu a Prumysl in 1958.Synthetic Route of C13H19NO This article mentions the following:

The rate of solvolysis of N-R-substituted-2-(p-nitrophenyl)-4,5-tetra-methylenoxazolidine (I) obtained by condensing N-R-substituted-2-aminocyclohexanols (II) with p-O₂NC₆H₄CHO was studied in regard to the steric structure of the starting amino alcs. trans-II (R = Me) obtained in 8.5 g. yield by shaking 24 hrs. a mixture of 13.4 g. trans-2-chlorocyclohexanol and 15 ml. solution containing 0.15 mole NH₂Me, adding 50 ml. N HCl, extracting undissolved oil with Et₂O, alkalizing the aqueous solution with NaOH, extracting with 4:1 CHCl₃-Et₂O, and evaporating the solvent gave an oily residue, b₂₁ 113掳, which crystallized, m. 22-4掳; HCl salt, m. 121掳 (9:1 Me₂CO-MeOH). Heating a solution of 4 g. trans-II (R = H) and 3.2 g. PhCH₂NH₂ in 7 ml. EtOH 8 hrs. to 145-55掳 in a sealed tube, dissolving the crystalline product in 50 ml. H₂O, and working up as above gave 2.0 g. trans-II (R = PhCH₂) b_0.6 125-7掳, m. 73掳 (petr. ether); picrate, m. 134-5掳 (50% EtOH); HCl salt, m. 204-5掳 (Me₂CO-EtOH 9:1); trans-N-benzoyl derivative (III) obtained in 77% yield by the usual method gave crystals, m. 116.5-17.5掳 (C₆H₆-petr. ether). Hydrogenating 27 g. 慰-AcNHC₆H₄OH over Raney Co in EtOH at 150-60掳 and 100 atm. 12 hrs., filtering off the catalyst, evaporating the solvent in vacuo, and treating the residue with 10 ml. Me₂CO gave 5.8 g. crystals of cis-II (R = Ac) (IV), m. 143-4掳. IV (4.7 g.) boiled 2 hrs. with 2.33N HCl and worked up as usual gave 4.3 g. HCl salt of cis-II (R = H), m. 186-6.5掳; free base, m. 73-5掳. cis-II (R = Me) was obtained according to Mousseron, et al. (C.A. 47, 9319a), m. 38-40掳; HCl salt, m. 205-6掳 (1:1 EtOH-Me₂CO); picrate, m. 141-2掳 (H₂O). cis-II (R = PhCH₂) was obtained by heating a solution of III in SOCl₂ 2.5 hrs. to 60掳, pouring the product into Et₂O, and refluxing the undissolved portion 5 hrs. with 10% HCl, or by distilling a solution of 747 mg. cis-II (R = H) and 1.5 g. PhCHO in 25 ml. C₆H₆ with simultaneous dropwise addition of C₆H₆, dissolving the residue in Et₂O, and boiling 6 hrs. with 1 g. LiAlH₄ to give crystalline HCl salt, m. 248-50掳 (1:1 EtOH-Me₂CO); free base, m. 67掳 (petr. ether); picrate, m. 157-8掳 (H₂O). The following I were obtained by heating slowly to boiling equivalent amounts of II and p-O₂NC₆H₄CHO in PhCl (50 ml. per 10 millimoles with continuous removal of H₂O. The products were crystallized from petr. ether or petr. ether-C₆H₆: cis-I (R = H), m. 73-3.5掳 (yield 93%); cis-I (R = Me), m. 68-9掳 (82%); cis-I (R = PhCH₂), m. 59-61掳 (94%); trans-I (R = H), m. 127掳 (65%); trans-I (R = Me), m. 77-8掳 (78%); trans-I (R = PhCH₂), m. 97.5-99掳 (50%). Treatment of I with 2,4-(O₂N)₂C₆H₃NHNH ₂ in EtOH at 24掳 catalyzed with H₂SO₄ brought about opening of the ring. Its rate was followed by determining gravimetrically the separated 4-O₂NC₆H₄CH:NNHC₆H₃(NO₂)₂-2,4. The reaction constants of the cis and trans isomers are, resp.: I (R = H) 9.81 脳 10^-3, 4.7 脳 10^-2; I (R = Me) 8.12 脳 10^-4, 8.0 脳 10^-2; I (R = PhCH₂) 1.31 脳 10^-3, 1 脳 10^-1. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol (cas: 40571-86-6Synthetic Route of C13H19NO).

Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol (cas: 40571-86-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Synthetic Route of C13H19NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

An imidazolium-based ionene blended with crosslinked PEO as a novel polymer membrane for selective CO₂ separation was written by Kammakakam, Irshad;Rao, Anil H. N.;Yoon, Hee Wook;Nam, SangYong;Park, Ho Bum;Kim, Tae-Hyun. And the article was included in Macromolecular Research in 2014.Product Details of 4074-88-8 This article mentions the following:

A novel imidazolium-based ionene was mixed with a di(ethylene glycol) diacrylate that was subsequently photocrosslinked to form a blend membrane useful for CO₂/N₂ gas separation The crosslinked poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) offered a mech. stable matrix with a high CO₂ affinity. The ionene loading affected both the structure and CO₂ separation performance of the blend membranes as demonstrated by varying the ionene content in three levels, 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 (ionene:crosslinker) by weight The CO₂ solubility of the membrane dramatically increased with the ionene loading level, and a high CO₂/N₂ permselectivity of 33.5 was obtained for the [3II-cPEO][TFSI]. The imidazolium-based ionene blend membranes prepared with crosslinked PEO (II-cPEO) also displayed good thermal and mech. stability. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Product Details of 4074-88-8).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O鈥旽 bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Product Details of 4074-88-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects on Pseudosuccinea columella Snails Exposed to Origanum vulgare and Thymus vulgaris Volatile Oils was written by do Carmo Sperandio, Natania;Vidal, Maria Larissa Bitencourt;da Silva, Ygor Henrique;Ito, Mitsue;Costa, Adilson Vidal;de Queiroz, Vagner Tebaldi;Ignacchiti, Mariana Drummond Costa;Boeloni, Jankerle Neves;Martins, Isabella Vilhena Freire. And the article was included in Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia in 2022.Recommanded Product: 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol This article mentions the following:

Fasciolosis is an anthropozoonosis of clin. and economic importance that affects several mammals. The causative agent, Fasciola hepatica, has as an obligate intermediate host, the snail Pseudosuccinea columella; therefore, control actions against the mollusks are essential to control the disease. This study aims to evaluate the effect of volatile oils of Origanum vulgare L. and Thymus vulgaris L., both species members of Lamiaceae family, and their resp. major compounds, carvacrol and thymol, as an alternative in the control of the American ribbed fluke snail. The specimens were immersed in solutions with concentrations of 0.025% (mv-1), 0.05% (mv^-1), and 0.1% (mv^-1) and analyzed at 30 min, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h in relation to motility, adhesion in the plate, response to painful stimulus, and mortality. For ovigerous masses, the interruption or not of embryonic development was analyzed, with observations every 72 h up to 18 days. All compounds promoted the mortality of mollusks and the paralysis of the embryonic development. The test constituents promoted mortality after 30 min. Histol. analyses indicated the occurrence of necrosis, mainly in the digestive gland and in the albumen gland and disorganized connective tissue. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Recommanded Product: 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O鈥旽 bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

COSMO Study on the Heptane-Toluene-DMF/DEG-KSCN Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium System was written by Fernanda Bonfim de Souza, Beatriz;Lenhare, Stephanie;Cristaldo Heck, Stenio;Zuber, Andre;Beneti, Stephani Caroline;Zanette, Andreia Fatima;Filho, Lucio Cardozo. And the article was included in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research in 2022.Reference of 111-46-6 This article mentions the following:

The class of aromatic hydrocarbons is one of the most important in the petrochem. industry. As they are in a multicomponent mixture with aliphatics, separation represents a huge challenge given the proximity of their b.ps., and liquid-liquid extraction represents a good alternative to conventional separation processes. In this paper, liquid-liquid equilibrium data of a heptane-toluene-dimethylformamide (DMF)-diethylene glycol (DEG) system in the presence and absence of potassium thiocyanate salt were obtained and used to study solvation of ions in the DMF-DEG polar mixture solvent, using COnductor-like Screening MOdel (COSMO) modeling. It was verified that the solvation complexes failed to describe the system equilibrium despite the otherwise expected. COSMO-RS (realistic solvents) calculations of the unsolvated ions presented better approximation with exptl. data compared to COSMO-SAC (segment activity coefficient) ones. The best simulation obtained with nonsolvated ions occurred probably due to 蟺 electron interactions with ion charge and hydrogen bond with the solvent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6Reference of 111-46-6).

2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Reference of 111-46-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Metabolic, cellular and defense responses to single and co-exposure to carbamazepine and methylmercury in Dreissena polymorpha was written by Baratange, Clement;Paris-Palacios, Severine;Bonnard, Isabelle;Delahaut, Laurence;Grandjean, Dominique;Wortham, Laurence;Sayen, Stephanie;Gallorini, Andrea;Michel, Jean;Renault, David;Breider, Florian;Loizeau, Jean-Luc;Cosio, Claudia. And the article was included in Environmental Pollution (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Carbamazepine (CBZ) and Hg are widespread and persistent micropollutants in aquatic environments. Both pollutants are known to trigger similar toxicity mechanisms, e.g. reactive oxygen species (ROS) production Here, their effects were assessed in the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha, frequently used as a freshwater model in ecotoxicol. and biomonitoring. Single and co-exposures to CBZ (3.9 渭g L-1) and MeHg (280 ng L-1) were performed for 1 and 7 days. Metabolomics analyses evidenced that the co-exposure was the most disturbing after 7 days, reducing the amount of 25 metabolites involved in protein synthesis, energy metabolism, antioxidant response and osmoregulation, and significantly altering cells and organelles structure supporting a reduction of functions of gills and digestive glands. CBZ alone after 7 days decreased the amount of 伪-aminobutyric acid and had a moderate effect on the structure of mitochondria in digestive glands. MeHg alone had no effect on mussels metabolome, but caused a significant alteration of cells and organelles structure in gills and digestive glands. Single exposures and the co-exposure increased antioxidant responses vs control in gills and digestive glands, without resulting in lipid peroxidation, suggesting an increased ROS production caused by both pollutants. Data globally supported that a higher number of hyperactive cells compensated cellular alterations in the digestive gland of mussels exposed to CBZ or MeHg alone, while CBZ + MeHg co-exposure overwhelmed this compensation after 7 days. Those effects were unpredictable based on cellular responses to CBZ and MeHg alone, highlighting the need to consider mol. toxicity pathways for a better anticipation of effects of pollutants in biota in complex environmental conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O鈥旽 bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of the first sulfur-35-labeled hERG radioligand was written by Raab, Conrad E.;Butcher, John W.;Connolly, Thomas M.;Karczewski, Jerzy;Yu, Nathan X.;Staskiewicz, Steven J.;Liverton, Nigel;Dean, Dennis C.;Melillo, David G.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2006.Related Products of 29364-29-2 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of the first high specific activity S-35-labeled hERG radioligand, [³⁵S]MK-0499, for use in high-throughput-screening (HTS) assays of drug candidates for hERG interaction is described. The radioligand is prepared by [³⁵S]sulfonylation of a high diastereomeric excess (de) aniline precursor prepared from unlabeled MK-0499. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Related Products of 29364-29-2).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R鈥昈鈭?. For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Related Products of 29364-29-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts