Month: February 2023

Modified WO₃ nanorod with Pt nanoparticle as retrievable materials in catalytic and photocatalytic aerobic oxidation of alcohols was written by Hosseini, Farnaz;Safaei, Elham;Mohebbi, Sajjad. And the article was included in Journal of Nanoparticle Research in 2017.Recommanded Product: 1777-82-8 This article mentions the following:

Catalytic and photocatalytic oxidation of aromatic alcs. using WO₃ nanorod and a series of Pt/WO₃ nanocomposite Pt nanoparticles was loaded on WO₃ nanorod with several mass ratios 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 via a photoreduction process (PRP) and characterized by transmissionelectron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) imaging, Energy-dispersive X-rayspectroscopy (EDAZ), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Steady state diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), inductivelycoupledplasma (ICP) and XPS. WO₃ nanorods were obtained monodispersed with average 40nm diameter and square cross section without significant size change by the loading of platinum nanoparticles on it. Progress of oxidation reaction was monitored by GC and the yield of aerobic photocatalytic oxidation of alcs. reached up to 98% for Pt/WO₃ and 69% for WO₃ while, no oxidation was detected in the absence of light. The highest photocatalytic performance was obtained for mass ratio 0.2 with the selectivity >99%. This nanocomposite had potentials to be used as high-performance heterogeneous catalyst and photocatalyst under visible light irradiation with advantages of high activity, high selectivity and reusability. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8Recommanded Product: 1777-82-8).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Recommanded Product: 1777-82-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Reaction of 2,6-lutidine 1-oxide with acetic anhydride was written by Kobayashi, Goro;Furukawa, Sunao;Kawada, Yuitsu. And the article was included in Yakugaku Zasshi in 1954.Application of 1122-71-0 This article mentions the following:

2,6-Lutidine 1-oxide (4 g.) in 15 ml. Ac₂O heated 2 hrs. at 130-40掳, the Ac₂O removed in vacuo, the residue with water concentrated in vacuo, made alk. with K₂CO₃, extracted with CHCl₃ and distilled, gave 4 g. oil, b₄ 100-5掳. The oil in 10 ml. 10% HCl refluxed 30 min., the product concentrated in vacuo, made alk. with K₂CO₃, extracted with CHCl₃ and distilled, gave 1.8 g. oil, and oxidation of the oil with KMnO₄ gave 6,2-Me(HOH₂C)C₅H₃N (I), m. 96掳; picrate, m. 129-32掳. I in C₆H₆ treated with PCl₃ gave 6,2-Me(ClH₂C)C₅H₃N (picrate, m. 162-3掳). The residue after distillation of I recrystallized from AcOEt gave 0.2 g. 2,6,3-Me₂(HO)C₅H₂N, columns, m. 210-12掳. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0Application of 1122-71-0).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Application of 1122-71-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Venlafaxine-loaded sustained-release poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-itaconic acid) hydrogel composites: their synthesis and in vitro/in vivo attributes was written by Ali, Liaqat;Ahmad, Mahmood;Aamir, Muhammad Naeem;Minhas, Muhammad Usman;Rasul, Akhtar;Yousuf, Muhammad;Hussain, Hina;Khan, Jawad Ahmad;Sohail, Muhammad. And the article was included in Iranian Polymer Journal in 2019.Name: ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) This article mentions the following:

Hydrogels have potential applications as sustained-release drug delivery systems, as an example in treatment of major depressive disorders. This paper reports some works carried out to obtain a new type of copolymeric hydrogel for an anti-depressant drug. The copolymerization of itaconic acid, hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and tetraethyleneglycol dimethacrylate was performed. The gels were evaluated for swelling, diffusion coefficient, drug incorporation, in vitro dissolution, and in vivo performance in rabbits after oral administration. The pharmacokinetic parameters like bioavailability, C_max and T_max were calculated for hydrogels in comparison to oral solution containing equivalent amount of venlafaxine. The HEMA-based matrixes showed negligible swelling and release rate of venlafaxine, which were also very low in a buffer of pH 1.2. However, both the swelling and release rate of venlafaxine were faster at high pH (6.5 and 7.5). The T_max of the formulation with the highest swelling and release rate (T₁) were found at 600 min compared to that at 180 min for oral solution having equivalent quantity of venlafaxine. However, C_max for oral cross-linked hydrogel composite was significantly lower than that for equivalent amount of oral drug solution The synthesized hydrogel composites showed a promising ability for sustained release of venlafaxine both in vitro and in vivo. It was found that venlafaxine delivery through oral route was practical. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Name: ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate)).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Name: ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate)

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Nickel-Catalyzed N-Arylation of NH-Sulfoximines with Aryl Halides via Paired Electrolysis was written by Liu, Dong;Liu, Zhao-Ran;Ma, Cong;Jiao, Ke-Jin;Sun, Bing;Wei, Lei;Lefranc, Julien;Herbert, Simon;Mei, Tian-Sheng. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021.SDS of cas: 68716-49-4 This article mentions the following:

A novel strategy for the N-arylation of NH-sulfoximines has been developed by merging nickel catalysis and electrochem. (in an undivided cell), thereby providing a practical method for the construction of sulfoximine derivatives Paired electrolysis is employed in this protocol, so a sacrificial anode is not required. Owing to the mild reaction conditions, excellent functional group tolerance and yield are achieved. A preliminary mechanistic study indicates that the anodic oxidation of a Ni^II species is crucial to promote the reductive elimination of a C-N bond from the resulting Ni^III species at room temperature In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4SDS of cas: 68716-49-4).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.SDS of cas: 68716-49-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Impact of gastric pH and dietary fiber on calcium availability of various calcium salts was written by Weerapol, Yotsanan;Cheewatanakornkool, Kamonrak;Sriamornsak, Pornsak. And the article was included in Silpakorn University Science and Technology Journal in 2010.Related Products of 5743-47-5 This article mentions the following:

The objective of this study was to compare calcium release and ionization from com. calcium supplements and various salts of calcium with different solubilities. The impact of pH of test fluid and dietary fiber co-administered with calcium supplement on calcium availability was also studied. Compressed tablets of six different calcium salts were prepared by direct compression. Calcium release from tablets was tested in simulated gastric fluid without pepsin (SGF, pH 1.2) or fed state simulated gastric fluid (FSSGF, pH 4.8), using USP dissolution apparatus The ionized calcium concentration in test fluid was determined by calcium ion selective electrode. The results demonstrated that most of the formulations released calcium within 1 h. Tablets made of higher solubility calcium salts demonstrated a faster calcium release. The calcium release from calcium hydrogen phosphate and calcium carbonate tablets in gastric fluid with higher pH showed a slower calcium release than in SGF. The dietary fiber co-administered with calcium supplement influenced the calcium availability, especially in medium with higher pH. The results suggested that most of the calcium salts could be used as calcium supplement. However, the use of calcium carbonate required an acidic environment in order to be dissolved in the gastrointestinal tract. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5Related Products of 5743-47-5).

Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Related Products of 5743-47-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tuning Triplet Energy Transfer of Hydroxamates as the Nitrene Precursor for Intramolecular C(sp³)-H Amidation was written by Jung, Hoimin;Keum, Hyeyun;Kweon, Jeonguk;Chang, Sukbok. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2020.Electric Literature of C9H9F3O This article mentions the following:

Reported herein is the design of a photosensitization strategy to generate triplet nitrenes and its applicability for the intramol. C-H amidation reactions. Substrate optimization by tuning phys. organic parameters according to the proposed energy transfer pathway led us to identify hydroxamates as a convenient nitrene precursor. While more classical nitrene sources, representatively organic azides, were ineffective under the current photosensitization conditions, hydroxamates, which are readily available from alcs. or carboxylic acids, are highly efficient in accessing synthetically valuable 2-oxazolidinones and 纬-lactams by visible light. Mechanism studies supported our working hypothesis that the energy transfer path is mainly operative. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6Electric Literature of C9H9F3O).

2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Electric Literature of C9H9F3O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Aminations of Aryl Bromides in Water at Room Temperature was written by Lipshutz, Bruce H.;Chung, David W.;Rich, Brian. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2009.Name: 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol This article mentions the following:

Unsym. diarylamines and triarylamines R¹C₆H₄NR²R³ [R¹ = H, 4-NC, 4-O₂N, etc.; R² = H, Me, Ph; R³ = 4-FC₆H₄, 1-naphthyl, 2,4-(MeO)₂C₆H₃, etc.] were obtained via palladium-catalyzed amination at ambient temperatures in water. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5Name: 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol).

2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O鈥旽 bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Name: 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

New insights into the thermal degradation behavior of Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes containing carvacrol essential oil via thermogravimetric analysis was written by Li, Zhe;Jiang, Xiaoxia;Zhu, Lin;Chen, Fucai;Liu, Hongning;Ming, Liangshan. And the article was included in Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry in 2022.Formula: C10H14O This article mentions the following:

The physicochem. properties and thermodn. parameters of cyclodextrin inclusion complexes (ICs) containing essential oil were investigated by thermogravimetric anal. It is necessary to understand the ICs thermal decomposition behavior and kinetics to control and elucidate the inclusion complexation mechanisms. Carvacrol essential oil was encapsulated with hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-尾 CD) using the freeze-drying method. The IC was characterized by SEM, FT-IR, and phase solubility, which confirmed that there were mol. interactions between the carvacrol essential oil and HP-尾 CD. Moreover, thermal experiments were carried out by a thermogravimetric analyzer at different heating rates (10-40 掳C min-1). In addition, three different models, i.e., FOW, KAS, and Starink, were used to calculate the kinetic energy. The FOW was a more proficient model for the calculation of activation energy (Ea). Further, the average values of Ea varied from conversion, and for carvacrol, HP-尾 CD, and carvacrol/HP-尾 CD IC, they were found to be 70.56, 162.15, and 152.57 kJ mol-1 based on the FOW model, resp. In general, carvacrol encapsulated into HP-尾 CD as an IC showed high thermal stability. The kinetic results could be useful in predicting the thermal performance of IC and in helping optimize exptl. procedures for the encapsulation of essential oils in cyclodextrins. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Formula: C10H14O).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Formula: C10H14O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A catalytic stereo- and chemo-selective method for the reduction of substituted aromatics was written by Fache, Fabienne;Lehuede, Stephan;Lemaire, Marc. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 1995.Application In Synthesis of 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol This article mentions the following:

Various substituted aromatics have been reduced using colloidal ruthenium under H₂ pressure with good stereoselectivity (cis/trans up to 60). Interesting chemoselectivities are also observed In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5Application In Synthesis of 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol).

2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Application In Synthesis of 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts