Month: January 2023

Synthesis, structure and reactivity in styrene polymerization by heterocyclic alkoxy- and thiolatotitanium(IV) complexes was written by Aragon, Pedro J.;Carrillo-Hermosilla, Fernando;Villasenor, Elena;Otero, Antonio;Antinolo, Antonio;Rodriguez, Ana M.. And the article was included in European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry in 2006.COA of Formula: C7H9NO This article mentions the following:

The reaction of [Ti(OiPr)₄] or [TiCl₄(THF)₂] with two equivalent of pyridyl alcs. or pyridyl or pyrimidinyl thiols has proven to be a good preparative method to obtain a variety of non-metallocene diisopropoxo- or dichlorotitanium(IV) complexes. The complexes [Ti(X)₂{2-(OCH₂)-6-R-(C₅H₃N)}₂] were found to be dynamic at room temperature, with the heterocyclic alkoxy ligand dissociating and recoordinating in a κ²-N,O chelate fashion, as revealed by a single-crystal X-ray anal. of [Ti(OiPr)₂{2-(OCH₂)(C₅H₄N)}₂] (1). The dynamic behavior of some of the resulting thiolato complexes was also studied and the single-crystal X-ray anal. of [Ti(OiPr)₂{2-S-4,6-Me₂-(C₄HN₂)}₂] (5) revealed a κ²-N,S system for these complexes. These complexes show catalytic activity in the polymerization of styrene upon activation with methylaluminoxane. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0COA of Formula: C7H9NO).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.COA of Formula: C7H9NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Beyond estrogen: advances in tissue selective estrogen complexes and selective estrogen receptor modulators was written by Pinkerton, J. V.;Conner, E. A.. And the article was included in Climacteric in 2019.SDS of cas: 128607-22-7 This article mentions the following:

Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are synthetic non-steroidal agents which have variable estrogen agonist and antagonist activities in different target tissues. Tamoxifen is an anti-estrogen in the breast used for treatment and prevention of breast cancer, with estrogen agonist activity in the uterus. Raloxifene prevents and treats osteoporosis and prevents breast cancer, and can be safely combined with vaginal but not systemic estrogen. The tissue selective estrogen complex combines conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) with the SERM bazedoxifene (BZA). The five Selective Estrogen Menopause and Response to Therapy studies, with up to 2 years of data, demonstrated that CEE/BZA 0.45 mg/BZA 20 mg improved vasomotor symptoms and vulvovaginal atrophy, prevented bone loss, and was neutral on breast tenderness, breast d., with breast cancer incidence similar to placebo. Protection against estrogen-induced endometrial hyperplasia and cancer was found, with similar amenorrhea rates to placebo. Ospemifene is approved to treat dyspareunia, with potential benefits on bone and the breast, while lasofoxifene is being developed to treat resistant estrogen receptor-pos. breast cancer in women. Estetrol is an estrogen synthesized exclusively during pregnancy by the human fetal liver and initially considered a weak estrogen, but it appears to have dual weak estrogenic/anti-estrogenic features. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7SDS of cas: 128607-22-7).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.SDS of cas: 128607-22-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Phytogenic supplement containing menthol, carvacrol and carvone ameliorates gut microbiota and production performance of commercial layers was written by Bajagai, Yadav S.;Petranyi, Friedrich;J. Yu, Sung;Lobo, Edina;Batacan, Romeo Jr.;Kayal, Advait;Horyanto, Darwin;Ren, Xipeng;M. Whitton, Maria;Stanley, Dragana. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2022.Recommanded Product: 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol This article mentions the following:

Consumer push towards open and free-range production systems makes biosecurity on farms challenging, leading to increased disease and animal welfare issues. Phytogenic products are increasingly becoming a viable alternative for the use of antibiotics in livestock production Here we present a study of the effects of com. phytogenic supplement containing menthol, carvacrol and carvone on intestinal microbiota of layer hens, microbial functional capacity, and intestinal morphol. A total of 40,000 pullets were randomly assigned to two sides of the exptl. shed. Growth performance, mortality, egg production and egg quality parameters were recorded throughout the trial period (18-30 wk of age). Microbial community was investigated using 16S amplicon sequencing and functional difference using metagenomic sequencing. Phytogen supplemented birds had lower mortality and number of dirty eggs, and their microbial communities showed reduced richness. Although phytogen showed the ability to control the range of poultry pathogens, its action was not restricted to pathogenic taxa, and it involved functional remodelling the intestinal community towards increased cofactor production, heterolactic fermentation and salvage and recycling of metabolites. The phytogen did not alter the antimicrobial resistance profile or the number of antibiotic resistance genes. The study indicates that phytogenic supplementation can mimic the action of antibiotics in altering the gut microbiota and be used as their alternative in industry-scale layer production In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Recommanded Product: 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Recommanded Product: 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Palladium-catalyzed intermolecular transthioetherification of aryl halides with thioethers and thioesters was written by Li, Yahui;Bao, Gao;Wu, Xiao-Feng. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2020.Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4 This article mentions the following:

A new palladium-catalyzed intermol. transthioetherification reaction of aryl halides with thioethers and thioesters was developed. The synthetic utility and practicality of this catalytic protocol were demonstrated in a wide range of successful transformations (>70 examples). This catalytic protocol was applicable in carbonylative coupling processes as well, and the first example of carbonylative methylthioesterification of aryl halides was achieved. Notably, this work also provided an approach to using natural products, such as methionine and selenomethionine, as the functional group sources. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Binaphthol-derived phosphoric acids as efficient organocatalysts for the controlled ring-opening polymerization of γ-benzyl-L-glutamate N-carboxyanhydrides was written by Liang, Jinpeng;Zhi, Xinmei;Zhou, Qiwen;Yang, Jing. And the article was included in Polymer in 2019.Synthetic Route of C40H26O2 This article mentions the following:

Despite great progress, it is still one attractive topic to explore new controlled ring-opening polymerization method to fabricate well-defined polypeptides. Considering the activation of organophosphates and the polymerization characteristics of N-carboxyanhydrides (NCA), we herein describe an effective (S)-1,1′-binaphthyl-based phosphoric acid catalytic system that mediates controlled ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of γ-benzyl-L-glutamate N-carboxy-anhydrides (BLG-NCA) with primary amines as initiator. In the presence of (S)-2,2′-dimethoxyl-1,1′-binaphthyl phosphoric acid ((S)-1e), ROP with various feeding ratios of BLG-NCA to initiator afforded poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate) (PBLG) with expected mol. weights (5.0-32.7 kg/mol) and relatively narrow dispersities (M_w/M_n = 1.05-1.16). The kinetics and chain extension experiments were conducted to identify that (S)-1e-catalyzed ROP of BLG-NCA in a controlled/living manner. A probable interaction between (S)-1e and the amine group of initiator/polymer chain-end was verified from ¹H NMR, ³¹P NMR experiments A plausible phosphate-ammonium mode catalyzing ROP of BLG-NCA was discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-[2,3′:1′,1”:3”,2”’-Quaternaphthalene]-2′,2”-diol (cas: 863659-89-6Synthetic Route of C40H26O2).

(S)-[2,3′:1′,1”:3”,2”’-Quaternaphthalene]-2′,2”-diol (cas: 863659-89-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Synthetic Route of C40H26O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Anti-Proliferative Activity of (κ¹-C)- and (κ²-C,S)-Pt^II Complexes Bearing Thioether-Functionalized N-Heterocyclic Carbenes was written by Egly, Julien;Bouche, Mathilde;Chen, Weighang;Maisse-Francois, Aline;Achard, Thierry;Bellemin-Laponnaz, Stephane. And the article was included in European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry in 2018.Safety of Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate This article mentions the following:

A series of platinum(II) complexes bearing thioether-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene ligands have been synthesized and characterized. The hemilabile and reversible character (i.e., coordination/decoordination) of the sulfur moiety in these platinum complexes has been established by ligand displacement (addition of pyridine) and ligand abstraction (on silica gel). The chem. reactivity of these complexes with glutathione has been investigated by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Their biol. activity towards various human cancer cells has been studied; these S-functionalized NHC-platinum complexes displayed moderate cytotoxicity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Safety of Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Safety of Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

PALS, MIR and UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy studies of pHEMA hydrogel, silicon- and fluoro-containing contact lens materials was written by Filipecka, Katarzyna;Budaj, Mariusz;Chamerski, Kordian;Miedzinski, Rafal;Sitarz, Maciej;Miskowiak, Bogdan;Makowska-Janusik, Malgorzata;Filipecki, Jacek. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2017.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Studies on polymeric materials used in contactol. for manufacturing of contact lenses are presented in the paper. Different types of brand new contact lenses were investigated: hydrogel, silicone-hydrogel and rigid gas permeable. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was used to characterize geometrical sizes and fraction of the free volume holes in the investigated samples. Measurements reveal significant differences between the materials. Namely differences in size and fraction of free volume were observed These changes are strongly correlated with oxygen permeability in contact lenses. Middle IR (MIR) spectroscopy was carried out to investigate the internal structure of materials. Furthermore, UV-vis-NIR studies were performed to determine the transmittance properties of contact lenses. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bioproduction of Enantiopure (R)- and (S)-2-Phenylglycinols from Styrenes and Renewable Feedstocks was written by Sekar, Balaji Sundara;Mao, Jiwei;Lukito, Benedict Ryan;Wang, Zilong;Li, Zhi. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2021.Computed Properties of C8H10ClNO This article mentions the following:

Enantiopure (R)- and (S)-2-phenylglycinols are important chiral building blocks for pharmaceutical manufacturing Several chem. and enzymic methods for their synthesis were reported, either involving multi-step synthesis or starting from a relatively complex chem. Here, we developed one-pot simple syntheses of enantiopure (R)- and (S)-2-phenylglycinols from cheap starting materials and renewable feedstocks. Enzyme cascades consisting of epoxidation-hydrolysis-oxidation-transamination were developed to convert styrene to (R)- and (S)-2-phenylglycinol (1a), with butanediol dehydrogenase for alc. oxidation as well as BmTA and NfTA for (R)- and (S)-enantioselective transamination, resp. The engineered E. coli strains expressing the cascades produced 1015 mg/L (R)-1a in >99% ee and 315 mg/L (S)-1a in 91% ee, resp., from styrene. The same cascade also converted substituted styrenes and indene into substituted (R)-phenylglycinols and (1R,2R)-1-amino-2-indanol in 95->99% ee. To transform bio-based L-phenylalanine 6 to (R)-1a and (S)-1a, (R)- and (S)-enantioselective enzyme cascades for deamination-decarboxylation-epoxidation-hydrolysis-oxidation-transamination were developed. The engineered E. coli strains produced (R)-1a and (S)-1a in high ee at 576 mg/L and 356 mg/L, resp., from L-phenylalanine 6, as the first synthesis of these compounds from a bio-based chem. Finally, L-phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway was combined with (R)- or (S)-enantioselective cascade in one strain or coupled strains, to achieve the first synthesis of (R)-1a and (S)-1a from a renewable feedstock. The coupled strain approach enhanced the production, affording 274 and 384 mg/L (R)-1a and 274 and 301 mg/L (S)-1a, from glucose and glycerol, resp. The developed methods could be potentially useful to produce these high-value chems. from cheap starting materials and renewable feedstocks in a green and sustainable manner. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Amino-2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 926291-77-2Computed Properties of C8H10ClNO).

(R)-2-Amino-2-(3-chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 926291-77-2) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Computed Properties of C8H10ClNO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Direct conversion of waste polyesters to low molecular weight polyols for polyurethane production was written by Ngo, Dieu Minh;Lee, Kyunghan;Ho, Linh Nguyet Thi;Lee, Jinseok;Jung, Hyun Min. And the article was included in Polymer Degradation and Stability in 2022.Electric Literature of C4H10O3 This article mentions the following:

An effective process for synthesizing liquid dihydroxyl group-ended oligomers directly from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using a metal chelating agent, EDTA (EDTA), is described in this study. The deactivation of transesterification catalyst was confirmed by a model process that involves the reaction of bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate with diethylene glycol under different catalytic conditions. The depolymerization of PET was performed with an excess amount of diethylene glycol and Zn²⁺ catalysts to form intermediates. The chelating agent was then introduced as a catalytic defunctionalizer, after which the residual glycols were distilled and recovered under reduced pressure. The obtained polyols were characterized by ¹H and ¹³C NMR, gel permeation chromatog., and viscometry. Utilizing EDTA showed high efficiency in blocking catalysts during high-temperature distillation, resulting in maximum trimer chain-length sized and low-viscosity liquid polyols. Subsequently, thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) were prepared using synthesized polyols as the soft segment, with 4,4′-methylene-bis(Ph isocyanate) and 1,4-butanediol as the isocyanate and chain extender, resp. The final TPUs were characterized using Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric anal., and mech. testing. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6Electric Literature of C4H10O3).

2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Electric Literature of C4H10O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of core-crosslinked star polymers via organocatalyzed living radical polymerization was written by Zheng, Yichao;Sarkar, Jit;Niino, Hiroshi;Chatani, Shunsuke;Hsu, Shu Yao;Goto, Atsushi. And the article was included in Polymer Chemistry in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 4074-88-8 This article mentions the following:

Core-crosslinked star polymers were prepared using organocatalyzed living radical polymerization via a “grafting-through” approach. A PBA homopolymer, an amphiphilic PMMA-PPEGA block copolymer, and a hard-soft PMMA-PBA block copolymer were synthesized as macroinitiators, where PBA is poly(Bu acrylate), PMMA is poly(Me methacrylate), and PPEGA is poly(poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether acrylate). The macroinitiators were utilized in the polymerization of crosslinkable divinyl monomers, generating core-crosslinked star polymers in 40-80% yields. The PMMA-PBA block copolymer macroinitiator was synthesized from a PMMA with an unsaturated chain end (PMMA-Y) via an addition-fragmentation chain transfer method. The ease of handling of PMMA-Y is an advantage of the use of PMMA-Y. One-pot synthesis of a PBA star polymer was also successful, giving a star in a relatively high yield (73%). The one-pot synthesis offers a practical approach for synthesizing a core-crosslinked star polymer. The present approach is free from metals and odorous compounds, which is an attractive feature of the present approach. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8HPLC of Formula: 4074-88-8).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 4074-88-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts