Month: December 2022

Gonzalez-Correa, J. A. published the artcileProtective effect of triflusal and its main metabolite HTB in an in vitro model of anoxia-reoxygenation in rat brain slices: comparison with acetylsalicylic and salicylic acids, Recommanded Product: 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, the publication is Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Archives of Pharmacology (2005), 371(1), 81-88, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Triflusal is a fluorinated derivative of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) with demonstrated antithrombotic activity. Recently, evidence for a neuroprotective effect was obtained. The aim of this study was to compare the neuroprotective effects of the main metabolite of triflusal (2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid, HTB) and the ASA metabolite salicylic acid (SA) in an in vitro model of anoxia-reoxygenation in rat brain slices. Rat brain slices (n=10 per group) were subjected to a period of anoxia followed by 180 min reoxygenation. The authors measured oxidative stress parameters (lipid peroxidation, glutathione system), prostaglandins (PGE₂), nitric oxide pathway activity (NO) (nitrites+nitrates, constitutive and inducible NO synthase activity) and LDH efflux, a biochem. marker of cell death. Various concentrations (10, 100, and 1000 μM) of triflusal, HTB, ASA, or SA were tested. Triflusal at 10, 100, and 1000 μM decreased LDH efflux in rat brain slices after anoxia/reoxygenation by 24, 35, and 49% resp. This effect was proportionately greater than that of ASA (0, 13, and 32%). The results with HTB were similar to those with triflusal, whereas SA showed a greater protective effect than ASA (13, 33, and 35%). The antioxidant effects of HTB and SA on the biochem. mechanisms of cell damage studied here were also greater than the effects of triflusal and ASA, a finding attributable mainly to the decrease in lipid peroxidation and to the ability of HTB to also increase glutathione levels. The triflusal metabolite reduced inducible NO synthase activity by 18, 21, and 30%, whereas SA inhibited this activity by 9, 17, and 23%. Triflusal and HTB led to greater increases in NO synthase than ASA or AS. In conclusion, the metabolite HTB plays an important role in the neuroprotective effect of triflusal, at least in the exptl. model of anoxia-reoxygenation tested here.

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Archives of Pharmacology published new progress about 328-90-5. 328-90-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3O3, Recommanded Product: 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Escobar-Martinez, Ivan published the artcileAdministration Time Significantly Affects Plasma Bioavailability of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins Extract in Healthy and Obese Fischer 344 Rats, COA of Formula: C8H8O3, the publication is Molecular Nutrition & Food Research (2022), 66(3), 2100552, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Phenolic compounds are bioactive mols. that are associated with several health benefits. Metabolization and absorption are the main determinants of their bioavailability and bioactivity. Thus, the study of the factors that modulate these processes, such as sex or diet is essential. Recently, it has been shown that biol. rhythms may also play a key role. Hence, the aim of this study is to evaluate if the bioavailability of a grape proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) is affected by the administration time in an animal model of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods and Results : Female and male Fischer 344 rats are fed either a standard or a cafeteria diet (CAF) for 9 wk, and an oral dose of GSPE (25 mg kg-1) is daily administered either at 8:00 am (zeitgeber time (ZT)-0) or at 8:00 pm (ZT-12) during the last 4 wk. Plasma phenolic compounds are then quantified by liquid chromatog./electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Phase-II and gut microbiota-derived phenolic metabolites are affected by ZT in all conditions or only in obese rats, resp. CAF feeding affected the bioavailability of phenolic acids and free flavan-3-ols. Differences due to sex are also observed These findings demonstrate that ZT, diet, and sex are key factors influencing phenolic compounds bioavailability.

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research published new progress about 621-37-4. 621-37-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol,Natural product, name is 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H8O3, COA of Formula: C8H8O3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Espinosa-Aguirre, J. J. published the artcileGenotoxicity of amebicide and anthelmintic drugs in Escherichia coli pol A⁺/pol A^–, Recommanded Product: N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-phenoxyethanaminium 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoate, the publication is Mutation Research, Genetic Toxicology Testing (1987), 188(2), 111-20, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The amebicides dehydroemetine and chloroquine and the anthelmintic pyrvinium pamoate, previously reported to be mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium were clearly genotoxic in the Escherichia coli pol A⁺/pol A^– assay. Two other antiparasitic drugs, diiodohydroxyquin and 4-hexylresorcinol, were also genotoxic in E. coli, while iodochlorhydroxyquin preferentially inhibited the pol A⁺ strain. From the 3 alternative testing methods employed, the liquid suspension succeeded in detecting 5 antiparasitic drugs as genotoxic; the microsuspension identified 2, and the disk diffusion method only 1. However, the metabolic activation system could only be coupled successfully and in a reproducible way to the microsuspension assay.

Mutation Research, Genetic Toxicology Testing published new progress about 3818-50-6. 3818-50-6 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Anti-infection,Antiparasitic, name is N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-phenoxyethanaminium 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoate, and the molecular formula is C28H29NO4, Recommanded Product: N-Benzyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-phenoxyethanaminium 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Koester, Roland published the artcileReactions of methylenecyclopropane. I. Halogenation, hydrohalogenation, and hydroxybromination, Synthetic Route of 50915-29-2, the publication is Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie (1973), 1619-27, database is CAplus.

The reactions of methylenecyclopropane with Cl, Br, HCl, HBr, and HOBr at 0 to -78° were investigated. The influence of LiBr, hydroquinone, and Bz2O2 on the halogenations and of Lewis acids, e.g., FeCl3 or SnCl4, on the hydrohalogenations was examined With Cl and HCl ring opening predominated, yielding CH2:C(CH2Cl)2 and CH2:CMeCH2Cl, resp. Reaction with Br preferentially afforded 1-bromo-1-(bromomethyl)cyclopropane (I). Hydroxybromination gave only 1-bromo-1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropane (II). Reduction of I or the tosylate of II with NaBHEt3 gave 1-bromo-1-methyl-cyclopropane.

Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie published new progress about 50915-29-2. 50915-29-2 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Cyclopropanes, name is (1-Bromocyclopropyl)methanol, and the molecular formula is C4H7BrO, Synthetic Route of 50915-29-2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Norris, Paul C. published the artcileResolvin D3 multi-level proresolving actions are host protective during infection, Product Details of C3H6O2, the publication is Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (2018), 81-89, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Resolution of infection and inflammation is governed by innate immune cells. The resolvin family of n-3 mediators produced by resolving exudates stimulates clearance of neutrophils and attenuates pro-inflammatory signals. Using metabololipidomics, endogenous resolvin D3 (RvD3) was identified in self-resolving exudates during active E. coli infection. Through a new, independent synthetic route for RvD3, we matched endogenous and synthetic RvD3 and determined that RvD3 (ng doses) potently reduced the resolution interval (R_i) by ∼4.5 h during E. coli peritonitis after administration at peak inflammation (T_max=12 h) and increased leukocyte phagocytosis of E. coli and neutrophils as well as reduced proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, MMP-2 and MMP-9. At pM-nM concentrations, RvD3 also enhanced human macrophage efferocytosis and bacterial phagocytosis, increased neutrophil bacterial phagocytosis and intracellular ROS generation, and reduced human platelet-PMN aggregation. These results provide addnl. evidence for potent RvD3 immunoresolvent actions in host defense, host protection and antimicrobial defense.

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids published new progress about 57044-25-4. 57044-25-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Epoxides,Chiral,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Alcohol, name is (R)-Oxiran-2-ylmethanol, and the molecular formula is C3H6O2, Product Details of C3H6O2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Clery, Robin A. published the artcileChemical Diversity of Citrus Leaf Essential Oils, COA of Formula: C10H18O, the publication is Chemistry & Biodiversity (2022), 19(3), e202100963, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The essential oils from leaves of 20 com. citrus accessions maintained by the University of California, Riverside Givaudan Citrus Variety Collection and selected on the basis of their odor profile were analyzed by GCMS/FID. The main components were quantified while the semi-quant. percentage composition data was compiled with data from other publications for sample visualization, classification and comparison with leaf oils from other citrus accessions. Some compositional clusters aligned closely with the taxonomic clades of sweet orange, bitter orange, and C. hystrix while other clades like the mandarins and lemons showed distinct chem. sub-groups. Characteristic compounds for the clusters included linalyl acetate and linalool (bitter orange leaf), sabinene (sweet orange leaf), Me N-Me anthranilate (mandarin leaf), γ-terpinene (yuzu leaf), citronellal (C. hystrix), limonene, citronellal and citral (lemons and citrons). A chemometric approach combined with t-SNE cluster plots can be more informative than taxonomic assignments when considering flavor and fragrance characteristics.

Chemistry & Biodiversity published new progress about 106-25-2. 106-25-2 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Natural product, name is cis-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-Octadien-1-Ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, COA of Formula: C10H18O.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chihara, Yuko published the artcileSerum-resistant Gene Transfer Activity of Mannosylated Dendrimer/α-Cyclodextrin Conjugate (G3), Application In Synthesis of 96345-79-8, the publication is Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry (2006), 56(1-2), 89-93, database is CAplus.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate in vitro gene transfer activity of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) starburst dendrimer (generation 3, G3) conjugate with α-cyclodextrin (α-CDE conjugate (G3)) bearing mannose (Man-α-CDE conjugate (G3)) with the degree of substitution of the mannose moiety 10 (DSM 10) as a novel non-viral vector in NIH3T3 and HepG2 cells. Man-α-CDE conjugate (G3) was found to have much higher gene transfer activity than dendrimer and α-CDE conjugate in NIH3T3 and HepG2 cells, which are independent of the expression of cell-surface mannose receptors. Gene transfer activity of Man-α-CDE conjugate (G3) was highly serum-resistant compared to that of dendrimer and α-CDE conjugate. No cytotoxicity after transfection of the complex of pDNA with Man-α-CDE conjugate (G3) was observed and the transfection activity was much higher than Lipofectin in NIH3T3 cells. These results suggest the potential use of Man-α-CDE conjugate (G3) as a non-viral vector.

Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry published new progress about 96345-79-8. 96345-79-8 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Sugar Units,Gal and Man, name is (2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-isothiocyanatophenoxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, and the molecular formula is C13H15NO6S, Application In Synthesis of 96345-79-8.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Mitsui, Masaaki published the artcileOn the Origin of Photoluminescence Enhancement in Biicosahedral Ag_xAu_25-x Nanoclusters (x = 0-13) and Their Application to Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Photon Upconversion, SDS of cas: 4410-99-5, the publication is Advanced Optical Materials, database is CAplus.

Numerous reports hitherto show that the photoluminescence (PL) properties of metal nanoclusters (NCs) can be enhanced by alloying the metal cores. In particular, biicosahedral [Ag_xAu_25-x(PPh₃)10(SR)5Cl₂]²⁺ (abbreviated as Ag_xAu_25-x hereafter; with PPh₃ = triphenylphosphine; SR = thiolate ligand) NCs attract significant attention because their PL quantum yield is improved by 200 times when 13 Au atoms are replaced with Ag atoms (x = 13). In this contribution, the origin of the PL in the Ag_xAu_25-x system and its remarkable enhancement are investigated on the basis of spectroscopic investigations of the PL behavior and its quenching by an organic fluorophore, finding that (i) the observed PL of Ag_xAu_25-x is phosphorescent; (ii) not only Ag₁₃Au₁₂ but also Ag₁₂Au₁₃ NCs contribute to the PL; and (iii) replacing the central vertex atom of the biicosahedron with an Ag atom causes a blue shift of the triplet states, which suppresses the T1-S0 intersystem crossing and enhances the phosphorescence emission. Addnl., the results of single-particle PL spectroscopy and defocused imaging with rotation of linearly polarized excitation light reveal that the phosphorescence transition dipole moment of Ag₁₃Au₁₂ exists in the long axis direction of the biicosahedron. Furthermore, the Ag_xAu_25-x NCs can sensitize mol. triplets and efficiently induce red-to-blue photon upconversion via triplet-triplet annihilation.

Advanced Optical Materials published new progress about 4410-99-5. 4410-99-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Thiol,Benzene, name is 2-Phenylethanethiol, and the molecular formula is C8H10S, SDS of cas: 4410-99-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

O’Brien, Luke published the artcileGold(I)-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Allylation of Azinium Ions with Allylboronates, Computed Properties of 25240-59-9, the publication is Angewandte Chemie, International Edition (2022), 61(22), e202202305, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Gold(I)-catalyzed nucleophilic allylations of pyridinium and quinolinium ions with various allyl pinacolboronates was reported. The reactions was completely selective with respect to the site of the azinium ion that was attacked, to give various functionalized 1,4-dihydropyridines and 1,4-dihydroquinolines. Evidence suggested that the reactions proceed through nucleophilic allylgold(I) intermediates formed by transmetalation from allylboronates. D. functional theory (DFT) calculations provided mechanistic insight.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about 25240-59-9. 25240-59-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Boronic acid and ester,Boronic Acids,Boronate Esters, name is 4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C6H13BO3, Computed Properties of 25240-59-9.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Lopez-Periago, A. published the artcileImpregnation of a biocompatible polymer aided by supercritical CO₂: Evaluation of drug stability and drug-matrix interactions, Safety of 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, the publication is Journal of Supercritical Fluids (2009), 48(1), 56-63, database is CAplus.

Poly(Me methacrylate) (PMMA) was loaded with 2-acetyloxy-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzoic acid (triflusal) by a supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂) impregnation method. The main objective of this work was to provide information for the infusion of additives into nonporous polymeric substrates for design of sustained release systems. Chem. and H-bonding interactions between the matrix and the infused drug were evaluated together with the impregnated drug stability. The composition of the obtained systems was characterized by ¹H magnetic nuclear resonance and liquid chromatog. The microstructure of the impregnated matrix was studied using thermal anal. The affinity of the solute to the polymer was explored via attenuated total reflection (ATR)-FTIR and Raman spectroscopies. Finally, an in vitro elution method coupled with high-performance liquid chromatog. was used to evaluate the release behavior of prepared formulations. Loadings of ca. 20 weight% of active agent in PMMA were obtained, while the drug crystallization was avoided. From a pharmaceutical point of view, the impregnated samples had an excellent potential for the preparation of sustained formulations, since the delivery profiles were consistent with keeping stable levels of the drug over a long period of time.

Journal of Supercritical Fluids published new progress about 328-90-5. 328-90-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3O3, Safety of 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts