Month: December 2022

Hatano, Eduardo published the artcileEnvironmental decomposition of olefinic cuticular hydrocarbons of Periplaneta americana generates a volatile pheromone that guides social behaviour, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol, the main research area is Periplaneta americana volatile pheromone olefinic cuticular hydrocarbon environmental decomposition; American cockroach; Periplaneta americana; cuticular hydrocarbons; environmental reaction; habitat selection; pro-semiochemicals.

Once emitted, semiochems. are exposed to reactive environmental factors that may alter them, thus disrupting chem. communication. Some species, however, might have adapted to detect environmentally mediated breakdown products of their natural chems. as semiochems. We demonstrate that air, water vapor and UV radiation break down unsaturated cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) of Periplaneta americana (American cockroach), resulting in the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In behavioral assays, nymphs strongly avoided aggregating in shelters exposed to the breakdown VOCs from cuticular alkenes. The three treatments (air, water vapor, UV) produced the same VOCs, but at different time-courses and ratios. Fourteen VOCs from UV-exposed CHCs elicited electrophysiol. responses in nymph antennae; 10 were identified as 2-nonanone, 1-pentanol, 1-octanol, 1-nonanol, tetradecanal, acetic acid, propanoic acid, butanoic acid, pentanoic acid and hexanoic acid. When short-chain fatty acids were tested as a mix and a blend of the alcs. and aldehyde was tested as a second mix, nymphs exhibited no preference for control or treated shelters. However, nymphs avoided shelters that were exposed to VOCs from the complete 10-compound mix. Conditioned shelters (occupied by cockroaches with faeces and CHCs deposited on the shelters), which are normally highly attractive to nymphs, were also avoided after UV exposure, confirming that breakdown products from deposited metabolites, including CHCs, mediate this behavior. Our results demonstrate that common environmental agents degrade CHCs into behaviorally active volatile compounds that potentially may serve as necromones or epideictic pheromones, mediating group dissolution

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences published new progress about Decomposition. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zecevic, Damir E. published the artcileRational development of solid dispersions via hot-melt extrusion using screening, material characterization, and numeric simulation tools, HPLC of Formula: 64519-82-0, the main research area is drug solid dispersion extrusion.

Effective and predictive small-scale selection tools are inevitable during the development of a solubility enhanced drug product. For hot-melt extrusion, this selection process can start with a microscale performance evaluation on a hot-stage microscope (HSM). A batch size of 400 mg can provide sufficient materials to assess the drug product attributes such as solid-state properties, solubility enhancement, and phys. stability as well as process related attributes such as processing temperature in a twin-screw extruder (TSE). Prototype formulations will then be fed into a 5 mm TSE (∼1-2 g) to confirm performance from the HSM under addnl. shear stress. Small stress stability testing might be performed with these samples or a larger batch (20-40 g) made by 9 or 12 mm TSE. Simultaneously, numeric process simulations are performed using process data as well as rheol. and thermal properties of the formulations. Further scale up work to 16 and 18 mm TSE confirmed and refined the simulation model. Thus, at the end of the laboratory-scale development, not only the clin. trial supply could be manufactured, but also one can form a sound risk assessment to support further scale up even without decades of process experience. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences published new progress about Decomposition. 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, HPLC of Formula: 64519-82-0.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ferreira de Lima, Nayana published the artcileIn vitro metabolic stress induced by nitazoxanide and flubendazole combination in Taenia crassiceps cysticerci, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is Taenia crassiceps nitazoxanide flubendazole antiparasitic cysticercosis; Experimental cysticercosis; Flubendazole; Metabolism; Nitazoxanide.

Taenia crassiceps is often used as exptl. model for T. solium cysticercosis studies. Currently cysticercosis antiparasitic treatment is based on albendazole and praziquantel which may present side effects and parasitic resistance. The search for other antiparasitic drugs is necessary. Nitazoxanide (NTZ) and flubendazole (FLB) are broad spectrum antiparasitic drugs that present anti-cysticercosis effect. Metabolic analyses help to determine the impact of these drugs on parasites. The aim of this study was to determine the impact on the production and excretion of organic metabolites in T. crassiceps cysticerci after in vitro exposure to NTZ and FLB, isolated or in combination. T. crassiceps cysticerci were culture in RPMI medium and exposed to 10μg/mL of NTZ, 10μg/mL of FLB or 10μg/mL of NTZ +10μg/mL of FLB. 24 h after exposure, the parasites were chromatog. analyzed to determine the impact of these drugs on glycolysis, homolactic fermentation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acids oxidation and proteins catabolism. It was possible to determine that the drugs combination induced greater metabolic impact on cysticerci in comparison to the isolated drugs exposure. The drugs combination induced gluconeogenesis, metabolic acidosis, increase in tricarboxylic acid cycle and in proteins catabolism. While the NTZ isolated exposure induced metabolic acidosis and protein catabolism and the FLB isolate exposure induced gluconeogenesis and protein catabolism. These results show that the combination of drugs with different modes of action increase the antiparasitic effect and may be indicated as alternative cysticercosis treatments.

Experimental Parasitology published new progress about Cysticercosis. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Mahmoudabadi, Samane Zarei published the artcileApplication of PC-SAFT EOS for Pharmaceuticals: Solubility, Co-Crystal, and Thermodynamic Modeling, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is pharmaceuticals solubility cocrystal thermodn modeling PCSAFT EOS; Co-crystal; PC-SAFT EOS; Solubility; Thermodynamic; Thermodynamic modeling.

In this study, the applicability of the perturbed chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC-SAFT) was evaluated for pharmaceutical compounds For this purpose, the parameters of the PC-SAFT equation of state (EOS) were regressed by applying the exptl. solubility data of 54 pharmaceuticals in pure solvents. The reported errors for train and test data show the suitability of the PC-SAFT EOS. The applicability of the PC-SAFT EOS was explored by its prediction accuracy for the ternary system of medicine in solvent mixtures The model errors were 23 and 26% for two ternary systems of salicylic acid and lidocaine HCl in solvent mixtures of ethanol and water, resp. The co-crystal formation of salicylic acid-sulfamethazine in methanol was investigated by the PC-SAFT EOS. Finally, the reaction and crystallization sections for acetaminophen production from p-aminophenol were simulated by accompanying the PC-SAFT EOS and equilibrium assumption. The purification efficiencies for acetaminophen were obtained to be 93-98% for different temperatures

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Philadelphia, PA, United States) published new progress about Crystals (Co). 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Viola, Arnaud published the artcileOn the importance of the crystalline surface structure on the catalytic activity and stability of tailored unsupported cobalt nanoparticles for the solvent-free acceptor-less alcohol dehydrogenation, Application of n-Octanol, the main research area is surface structure dehydrogenation catalysts cobalt nanoparticle; Acceptorless dehydrogenation of alcohols; Cobalt; Molecular hydrogen; Nanoparticles; PM-IRRAS.

Unsupported nanoparticles are now recognized as model catalysts to evaluate the intrinsic activity of metal particles, irresp. of that of the support. Co nanoparticles with different morphologies, rods, diabolos and cubes have been prepared by the polyol process and tested for the acceptorless catalytic dehydrogenation of alcs. under solvent-free conditions. Rods crystallize with the pure hcp. structure, diabolos with a mixture of hcp. and fcc. phases, while the cubes crystallize in a complex mixture of hcp., fcc. and ε-Co phases. All the cobalt particles are found to be highly selective towards the oxidation of a model secondary alc., octan-2-ol, into the corresponding ketone while no significant activity is found with octan-1-ol. Our results show the strong influence of particle shape on the activity and catalytic stability of the catalysts: Co nanorods display the highest conversion (85%), selectivity (95%) and recyclability compared to Co diabolos and Co cubes. We correlate the nanorods excellent stability with a strong binding of carboxylate ligands on their {1 1 2̅ 0} facets, preserving their crystalline superficial structure, as evidenced by phase modulation IR reflection absorption spectroscopy.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science published new progress about Crystallinity. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Application of n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kou, Jinfang published the artcilePrecisely controlled Pd nanoclusters confined in porous organic cages for size-dependent catalytic hydrogenation, Formula: C8H14O, the main research area is palladium nanocluster preparation catalytic hydrogenation property.

The precise size-controlled formation of palladium (Pd) nanoclusters with size-dependent catalytic activity was achieved through a cage confinement strategy. In this process, three typical porous organic cages (POCs) with gradually decreasing cavity diameters were used as encapsulation carriers. A series of Pd nanoclusters-based catalysts with corresponding Pd cluster sizes of 0.73, 0.68, and 0.43 nm, resp., was effectively fabricated by confining the Pd nanoclusters in size-adjustable cavities. The obtained Pd@POCs nanocatalysts exhibited excellent crystallinity, high stability, fascinating morphol. characteristics, and superior catalytic hydrogenation performance. Especially, the size-dependent catalytic performance toward hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol and semi-hydrogenation of alkyne compounds was demonstrated by exptl. results and theor. calculations The prepared Pd(1.71%)@FT-RCC3 catalyst with the smallest Pd cluster size of about 0.43 nm showed the best catalytic performance. This study promotes a better understanding of size-dependent catalysis and provides a new strategy for the fabrication of customized nanocatalysts.

Applied Catalysis, B: Environmental published new progress about Crystallinity. 107-54-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3,5-Dimethylhex-1-yn-3-ol, and the molecular formula is C8H14O, Formula: C8H14O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

He, Jing published the artcileUncovering the Polydisperse Characteristics of Modification Inhomogeneity for Starch during Oxidation by Sodium Periodate, Name: Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), the main research area is uncovering polydisperse inhomogeneity starch oxidation sodium periodate.

Revealing the modification inhomogeneity at the mol. level is important to understand the structure-property relationship for polysaccharide derivatives Herein, we report a study to uncover the polydisperse characteristics of inhomogeneity in both the chem. composition and mol. structure of dialdehyde starch (DA-starch) prepared by heterogeneous oxidation Based on the difference in the ratio (r) of refractive and absorbance index increments or absorbance index increments at two different wavelengths for modified and intact units, we have developed a universal theor. method to analyze the microscopic chem. composition of each fraction, which has been proved to show high accuracy (relative deviation within ±2%) by analyzing the exptl. data using quadruple-detection size-exclusion chromatog. In particular, the result has demonstrated that the degree of modification is much lower for DA-starch chains with larger mol. sizes and higher molar masses. In addition, by analyzing the polydisperse characteristics of inhomogeneity in the mol. structure, we have revealed the slight change of size-mass scaling relation; to be specific, starch macromols. are oxidized and degraded to less branched DA-starch fragments. We believe that the present study provides a fresh perspective regarding the modification inhomogeneity of polysaccharide derivatives, which is useful for practical industry applications.

Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) published new progress about Crystallinity. 7575-23-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), and the molecular formula is C17H28O8S4, Name: Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate).

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Talanikar, Aniket A. published the artcilePost-polymerization modifiable aromatic (co)poly(ether sulfone)s possessing pendant norbornenyl groups based upon a new bisphenol, Application of Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), the main research area is polyether sulfone preparation thiol ene modification thermal property.

A new bisphenol possessing pendant norbornenyl group viz., 4, 4′-(bicyclo (2.2.1) hept-5-en-2 yl methylene) bis (2-methoxyphenol) (BPA-NB) was synthesized by a single-step base-catalyzed condensation reaction of 5-norbornene-2-carboxaldehyde with guaiacol. NMR spectral data indicated formation of BPA-NB comprising of isomeric components. A series of (co)poly(ether sulfone)s possessing pendant norbornenyl groups was synthesized by nucleophilic aromatic substitution polycondensation of varying molar ratio of BPA-NB and bisphenol-A (BPA) with bis(4-fluorophenyl) sulfone. Inherent viscosity values and number average mol. weights of (co)poly(ether sulfone)s were in the range 0.67-1.01 dL/g and 75,400-1,16,300 g/mol, resp. indicating the formation of reasonably high mol. weight polymers. Tough, transparent, and flexible films could be cast from chloroform solutions of these (co)poly(ether sulfone)s. (Co)poly(ether sulfone)s were characterized using FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy, XRD, TGA and DSC anal. The formation of random copoly(ether sulfone)s was demonstrated by 13C NMR anal. The incorporation of BPA-NB into (co)poly(ether sulfone)s resulted into improvement in Tg values. BPA-NB-based (co)poly(ether sulfone)s offered possibilities for post-modifications involving either methoxyl or norbornenyl groups. A representative copoly(ether sulfone) (PSU-NB-2) possessing pendant norbornenyl groups was chem. modified via thiol-ene reaction with three representative thiol compounds, namely, 1-dodecanethiol, 2-furanmethanethiol and 2-mercaptoethanol to yield corresponding post-modified polymers in a quant. manner. Addnl., it was demonstrated that copoly(ether sulfone) possessing pendant norbornenyl groups could be used to form insoluble cross-linked gel in the presence of a multifunctional thiol cross-linker.

European Polymer Journal published new progress about Crystallinity. 7575-23-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), and the molecular formula is C17H28O8S4, Application of Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate).

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gan, Jiapan published the artcileMicrowave assisted extraction with three modifications on structural and functional properties of soluble dietary fibers from grapefruit peel, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4, the main research area is grapefruit peel soluble dietary fiber microwave assisted extraction.

Microwave-sodium hydroxide treatment (MST), microwave-enzymic treatment (MET) and microwave-ultrasonic treatment (MUT) were used to treat grapefruit peel, then the structural and functional properties of extracted soluble dietary fibers (SDF), named as MST-SDF, MET-SDF and MUT-SDF, were investigated. The SEM, mol. weight, X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, thermal properties and monosaccharide composition were used to determine the structural properties. Compared to the grapefruit peel SDF without treatment (WT-SDF) and pure microwave treatment (PMT-SDF), MST-SDF, MET-SDF and MUT-SDF showed a more complex and loose structure. Moreover, they possessed higher mol. weight, crystallinity and thermal stability, and more diverse monosaccharide composition In addition, functional properties, including water holding capacity (WHC), oil holding capacity (OHC), cholesterol adsorption capacity (CAC), glucose adsorption capacity (GAC) and nitrite ion adsorption capacity (NIAC), were enhanced by the three different modification methods. Especially, MUT-SDF showed the highest WHC, OHC, CAC, GAC and NIAC as compared with the other samples. In summary, the present study suggested that the MUT could be used as the ideal modification method for grapefruit peel SDF, and MUT-SDF has great potential for the application in functional food industry.

Food Hydrocolloids published new progress about Crystallinity. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Lazauskas, Algirdas published the artcileTrilayer Composite System Based on SiO2, Thiol-Ene, and PEDOT:PSS. Focus on Stability after Thermal Treatment and Solar Irradiance, SDS of cas: 7575-23-7, the main research area is trilayer composite system thermal treatment stability solar irradiance; PEDOT:PSS; SiO2; composite; solar irradiance; stability; thermal; thiol-ene; trilayer.

The trilayer composite was fabricated by combining functional layers of fumed SiO2, thiol-ene, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS). Optical, scratch-healing, non-wetting, and elec. stability was investigated at different instances of time after thermal and solar irradiance treatment. The trilayer composite was found to be optically stable and highly transparent for visible light after thermal and irradiance treatment for 25 h. Both treatment processes had a minor effect on the shape-memory assisted scratch-healing performance of the trilayer composite. Thermal treatment and solar irradiance did not affect the superhydrophobic properties (contact angle 170 ± 1°) of the trilayer composite. The sheet resistance increased from 90 ± 3 Ω/square (initial) to 109 ± 3 Ω/square (thermal) and 149 ± 3 Ω/square (irradiance) after 25 h of treatment, which was considered as not significant change.

Polymers (Basel, Switzerland) published new progress about Contact angle. 7575-23-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), and the molecular formula is C17H28O8S4, SDS of cas: 7575-23-7.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts