Month: November 2022

Structural and Functional Analysis of Bacterial Sulfonosphingolipids and Rosette-Inducing Factor 2 (RIF-2) by Mass Spectrometry-Guided Isolation and Total Synthesis was written by Leichnitz, Daniel;Peng, Chia-Chi;Raguz, Luka;Rutaganira, Florentine U. N.;Jautzus, Theresa;Regestein, Lars;King, Nicole;Beemelmanns, Christine. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2022.Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

We have analyzed the abundance of bacterial sulfonosphingolipids, including rosette-inducing factors (RIFs), in seven bacterial prey strains by using high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (HRMS2) and mol. networking (MN) within the Global Natural Product Social Mol. Networking (GNPS) web platform. Six sulfonosphingolipids resembling RIFs were isolated and their structures were elucidated based on comparative MS and NMR studies. Here, we also report the first total synthesis of two RIF-2 diastereomers and one congener in 15 and eight synthetic steps, resp. For the total synthesis of RIF-2 congeners, we employed a decarboxylative cross-coupling reaction to synthesize the necessary branched α-hydroxy fatty acids, and the Garner-aldehyde approach to generate the capnine base carrying three stereogenic centers. Bioactivity studies in the choanoflagellate Salpingoeca rosetta revealed that the rosette inducing activity of RIFs is inhibited dose dependently by the co-occurring sulfonosphingolipid sulfobacins D and F and that activity of RIFs is specific for isolates obtained from Algoriphagus. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Eco-friendly and efficient synthesis, characterisation and antibacterial studies of unsymmetrical bidentate Schiff bases and their Zn(II) complexes was written by Srivastava, K. P.;Singh, Anuradha;Singh, Suresh Kumar. And the article was included in Oriental Journal of Chemistry in 2014.SDS of cas: 65-22-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A rapid, efficient, clean and environmentally benign exclusive synthesis of Schiff bases as new ligands and their complexes with Zn(II) were developed using condensation of pyridoxal with amoxicillin, cephalexin, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim efficiently in an alc. suspension medium using alkali catalyst with excellent yields under microwaves irradiation This method provides several advantages such as environmental friendliness, simple work-up procedure, short reaction times, nonhazardous and excellent yield of products. The results are compared with conventional methods for their yield and reaction time. The Schiff base ligands and the complexes were characterized by micro-anal., thermo-gravimetric, magnetic and spectroscopic studies. All the Schiff bases were bidentate (NO donor) ligands. All complexes are six coordinate dihydrates and with 1:2 metal:ligand ratio. The complexes are colored and stable in air. All the complexes under study possess antibacterial activity. The antibacterial activity showed the following trend:. Zn(II)-complexes > Schiff base ligands > Parent drugs. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5SDS of cas: 65-22-5).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.SDS of cas: 65-22-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Enhancing Detection Sensitivity of ZnO-Based Infrared Plasmonic Sensors Using Capped Dielectric Ga₂O₃ Layers for Real-Time Monitoring of Biological Interactions was written by Kuranaga, Yasuhiro;Matsui, Hiroaki;Ikehata, Akifumi;Shimoda, Yuta;Noiri, Makoto;Ho, Ya-Lun;Delaunay, Jean-Jacques;Teramura, Yuji;Tabata, Hitoshi. And the article was included in ACS Applied Bio Materials in 2020.Quality Control of (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Surface plasmon resonances on Ga-doped ZnO (ZnO/Ga) layer surfaces (ZnO-SPRs) have attracted substantial attention as alternative plasmonic materials in the IR range. We present further enhancement of the detection limits of ZnO-SPRs to monitor biol. interactions by introducing thin dielec. layers into ZnO-SPRs, which remarkably modify the elec. fields and the corresponding decay lengths on the sensing surfaces. The presence of a high-permittivity dielec. layer of Ga₂O₃ provides high wavelength sensitivities of the ZnO-SPRs due to the strongly confined elec. fields. The superior sensing capabilities of the proposed samples were verified by real-time monitoring of the biol. interactions between biotin and streptavidin mols. Introduction of the high-permittivity dielec. layer into ZnO-SPRs effectively enhances the detection sensitivity and therefore allowed for the observation of biol. interactions. This paper provides useful information for the development of optical detection techniques for use in biol. fields based on ZnO from the viewpoints of plasmonic applications. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5Quality Control of (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate).

(2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Quality Control of (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Comprehensive evaluation on volatile components in ozone and ultraviolet combined treatment Lycium barbarum based on principal component analysis was written by Gong, Yuan;Wang, Xu;Liao, Ruo-yu;Xu, Meng-xia;Liu, Dun-hua. And the article was included in Shipin Gongye Keji in 2015.Application In Synthesis of 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In order to study on the effects of volatile components in ozone and UV combined treatment Lycium barbarum, the volatile components in samples with different processing methods were extracted by headspace-solid and anal. by gas chromatog. mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The anal. and evaluation on the volatile components by the principal components anal. (PCA) and cluster anal. (CA). The results indicated that seventy-eight volatile components were identified from Lycium barbarum with different processing methods, including 14 kinds of esters, 21 kinds of alcs., 16 kinds of olefins, 15 kinds of ketones, 5 kinds of aldehydes, 3 kinds of acids, 4 kinds of ethers and HCAS. Ten volatile components were common to these Lycium barbarum samples. PCA anal. identified 42 main volatile components. Combining with clustering anal. comprehensive evaluation that the flavor of volatile components descending order was after of combined treatment of Ozone and UV drying Lycium barbarum>after of combined treatment of Ozone and UV and vacuum dried Lycium barbarum>dried Lycium barbarum>fresh Lycium barbarum. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4Application In Synthesis of 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol).

2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Application In Synthesis of 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A rapid method for screening and evaluating mosquito repellents was written by Bar-Zeev, Micha. And the article was included in Bulletin of Entomological Research in 1962.Safety of 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Candidate repellents are rapidly screened and evaluated by comparing them with a standard repellent or with each other. Mosquitoes are confined in a Petri dish covered with mosquito gauze and the bottom is lined with 2 semicircular filter papers, 1 of which is treated with a standard repellent and the other with a test compound The dish is placed in an apparatus through which passes a low stream of air. Counts are taken every 30 sec. on and above the halves of the dish, which is jarred after every 2nd count to change the position of the insects; a total of 40 counts is taken. The index of reaction is the mean excess of position records for the candidate over those for the standard. In tests against Aedes aegypti, the repellency of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide and of O-chloro-N,N-diethylbenzamide did not differ, but each significantly exceeded that of di-Me phthalate (DMP). The loss of repelleney of DMP with time was approx. linear. DMP was superior to ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, Pr N,N-diethylsuccinamate, and indalone, and equal to dimethyl carbate, hexyl mandelate, and 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4Safety of 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol).

2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Safety of 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis, x-ray crystal structures, spectroscopic and electrochemical studies of Zn(II), Cd(II), Ni(II) and Mn(II) complexes of N¹,N⁴-bis(pyridoxylidene)triethylenetetramine was written by Mondal, Satyajit;Adak, Piyali;Das, Chandrima;Naskar, Sumita;Pakhira, Bholanath;Rheingold, Arnold L.;Sinn, Ekkehard;Eribal, Carla Sue;Chattopadhyay, Shyamal Kumar. And the article was included in Polyhedron in 2014.Safety of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Zn(II), Cd(II), Ni(II) and Mn(II) complexes of a new hexadentate ligand N¹,N⁴-bis(pyridoxylidene)triethylenetetramine were synthesized. X-ray crystal structures show that in all the complexes the metal:ligand stoichiometry is 1:1 and the ligand coordinates in a di-deprotonated hexadentate manner through two phenolate oxygens, two imine nitrogens and two secondary amine N atoms. Fluorescence spectroscopy shows that the ligand centered emission undergoes 3-fold enhancement of intensity on complexation with Zn(II) ion, whereas it is quenched or remains unaffected in presence of various biol. relevant divalent metal ions. The Zn(II) specific fluorescence enhancement indicates that the ligand may be used as a fluorogenic sensor for Zn(II) in biol. systems, with a sensitivity of detection of 10^-8 M. The electronic structures of the ligand as well as the complexes and their UV-visible absorption spectra are explained on the basis of DFT and TD-DFT calculations, resp. Covalence of the metal ligand bond follows the order Ni(II) >>> Mn(II) > Zn(II) ≈ Cd(II). This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Safety of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Safety of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Aroma components of Zijuan tea processed by four different methods was written by Chen, Bao;Jiang, Dong-hua;Luo, Fa-mei;Man, Hong-ping;Luo, Zheng-gang;Hu, Yan-ping;Yang, Liu-xia. And the article was included in Xiandai Shipin Keji in 2013.Application of 115-84-4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The aroma components of Zijuan tea processed by different methods (sun-dry tea, baked green tea, black tea and fermented tea) were extracted by solid phase micro-extraction (SPME), quantified by gas chromatog./mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and quantified by area normalization method. The results showed that 146 compounds were identified from different processed Zijuan Tea, including 81 compounds from sun-dry tea, 80 from baked green tea, 68 from black tea, 69 from fermented tea, and 30 from all the samples tested. The main aroma compounds of sun-dry tea were l-Octen-3-ol, 2-ethyl-Hexanol, Hotrienol, and β-Terpineol, etc. The main aroma compounds of baked green tea were linalool, 2-ethyl-hexanol, benzyl alc., l-octen-3-ol, etc. The main aroma compounds of black tea were linalool, epoxylinalol, cis-linalool oxide, and benzyl alc. The main aroma compounds of fermented tea were 1, 2, 3-trimethoxybenzene, epoxylinalol, cis-linalool oxide, and 2-ethyl-hexanol. In summary, there were significant differences in composition and content of aroma compounds of different processed Zijuan tea extracted by SPME. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4Application of 115-84-4).

2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Application of 115-84-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Pruned vine-shoots as a new enological additive to differentiate the chemical profile of wines was written by Cebrian-Tarancon, C.;Fernandez-Roldan, F.;Sanchez-Gomez, R.;Alonso, G. L.;Salinas, M. R.. And the article was included in Food Research International in 2022.Related Products of 29106-49-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

For this study, Tempranillo wines were made by adding their own toasted vine-shoots (SEGs, “Shoot- Enol. – Granule”). The SEGs were added in two doses (12 and 24 g/L) at three different times (before alc. fermentation, in the middle of alc. fermentation, and after fermentations) and phenolic, volatile, and mineral composition were analyzed. Results showed a decrease in the total content of phenolic compounds but stilbenes, specifically trans-resveratrol, increased in all wines macerated with SEGs, as did total anthocyanins when these additives were added in the middle of fermentation Furthermore, the ratios related to glycosylated monomeric anthocyanins were significantly higher in wines treated with SEGs. The use of SEGs did not affect the total content of volatile compounds However, changes in terms of individual compounds resulted in an odorant series associated with SEGs, named “sweet woody”, formed by compounds such as Et vanillate, Et cinnamate, and vanillin. Finally, the mineral composition of the wines was not affected using SEGs, whereby potassium was the most abundant in all the wines. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,2’R,3R,3’R,4R)-2,2′-Bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-[4,8′-bichromane]-3,3′,5,5′,7,7′-hexaol (cas: 29106-49-8Related Products of 29106-49-8).

(2R,2’R,3R,3’R,4R)-2,2′-Bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-[4,8′-bichromane]-3,3′,5,5′,7,7′-hexaol (cas: 29106-49-8) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Related Products of 29106-49-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Compatibility of arthropod repellents with certain functional finishes of cotton uniform fabric was written by Markarian, Haig;Pratt, John J. Jr.;DeMorco, Carlo G.;Gouck, Harry K.. And the article was included in Journal of Economic Entomology in 1968.Reference of 115-84-4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The compatibility of various insect repellents in combination with 2 water repellents, 2 detoxicants for chem. warfare agents, and a fire retardant impregnated into a standard Army cotton cloth was studied. The water repellant, Quarpel, increased the stability of the insect repellents, M-1960 [30% 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, 30% N-butylacetanilide, 30% benzyl benzoate, 10% poly(oxyethylene)(20)sorbitan monooleate] and benzyl benzoate to washing and showed a slightly increased stability of deet to rinsing. However all 3 of the insect repellents decreased the water repellency of Quarpel and removed the water repellency of a quaternary ammonium compound Effectiveness of a detoxicant for chem. warfare agents was enhanced when combined with either M-1960 or deet. Duration of effective mosquito repellency of M-1960 was decreased by the detoxicant for chem. warfare agents, while duration of effective tick repellency was increased. A fire retardant slightly enhanced the stability of M-1960 to washing but decreased its duration of effective mosquito and tick repellency. Fire retardancy was not affected. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4Reference of 115-84-4).

2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Reference of 115-84-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Antitrypanosomal activity of epi-polygodial from Drimys brasiliensis and its effects in cellular membrane models at the air-water interface was written by Goncalves, Giulia Elisa Guimaraes;Morais, Thiago Rahal;Gomes, Kaio de Souza;Costa-Silva, Thais Alves;Tempone, Andre Gustavo;Lago, Joao Henrique Ghilardi;Caseli, Luciano. And the article was included in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2019.COA of Formula: C37H74NO8P The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Epi-polygodial, a drimane sesquiterpene was isolated from Drimys brasiliensis (Winteraceae). This compound demonstrated high parasite selectivity towards Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes (IC₅₀ = 5.01 μM) with a selectivity index higher than 40. These results were correlated with the effects observed when this compound was incorporated in cellular membrane models of protozoans, represented by Langmuir monolayers of dipalmitoylphosphoethanolamine (DPPE). Surface pressure-area isotherms showed that epi-polygodial expands DPPE monolayers at higher areas and condenses them at lower areas, which was attributed to the preferential interaction with the polar heads of the lipid. This mechanism of action could be corroborated with Polarization-Modulation Reflection-Absorption Spectroscopy and Brewster Angle Microscopy. These results pointed to the fact that the interaction of epi-polygodial with DPPE monolayers at the air-water interface affects the phys. chem. properties of the mixed film, which may be important to comprehend the interaction of this drug with cellular membranes at the mol. level. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5COA of Formula: C37H74NO8P).

(2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.COA of Formula: C37H74NO8P

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts