Month: November 2022

Enhanced Production Process of Recombinant Mature Serratiopeptidase in Escherichia coli Using Fed-Batch Culture by Self-Proteolytic Activity of Fusion Protein was written by Doshi, Pooja;Dantroliya, Sadik;Modi, Akhilesh;Shukla, Arpit;Patel, Dhaval;Joshi, Chaitanya;Joshi, Madhvi. And the article was included in Fermentation in 2022.Electric Literature of C9H18O5S The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Microbial enzymes are increasingly finding applications as therapeutics due to their targeted activity and minimal side effects. Serratiopeptidase, also known as a miracle enzyme, has already proved its potential as an anti-inflammatory, mucolytic, fibrinolytic, analgesic in many studies. A cost effective, bioreactor level production process has been described here comprising of the fed-batch fermentation to produce recombinant serratiopeptidase protein expressed as a fusion construct. High yield of cell mass as well as protein was obtained by the optimization of bioreactor parameters. The downstream solubilization and purification processes were also optimized to achieve maximum yield of pure, active serratiopeptidase protein. A final yield of 2.5 ± 0.764 g L^-1 of protein was obtained, having 8382 ± 291 U mg^-1 of specific caseinolytic activity. Addnl., a novel, unexpected self-proteolytic activity of the enzyme that cleaves the N-terminal 6x His-SUMO fusion tag along with the enzyme propeptide, thus yielding a mature serratiopeptidase, was also found. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Electric Literature of C9H18O5S).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Electric Literature of C9H18O5S

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Targeting PPARs Signaling Pathways in Cardiotoxicity by Natural Compounds was written by Yarmohammadi, Fatemeh;Hayes, A. Wallace;Karimi, Gholamreza. And the article was included in Cardiovascular Toxicology in 2022.Synthetic Route of C20H22O8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A review. Cardiotoxicity can be a complication of both drugs and a variety of other chems. that affects morbidity, quality of life, and even mortality. The accumulation of lipids and inflammation have been implicated in the development of cardiotoxicity. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a family of transcription factors, have a role in controlling the cardiac expression of genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism and the inflammatory response. The different PPAR isoforms, PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARβ/δ, have a role in multiple functions in cardiac tissue. The protective nature of several naturally occurring chems. (NCs) against cardiotoxicity by targeting PPARα and PPARγ has been reported. The literature related to the ability of several NCs to modulate cardiotoxicity through targeting the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/the PPARγ coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α)/PPARα, the PPARα/the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and the PPARγ/the nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factors 2 (Nrf2)/the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)/NF-κB signaling pathways are reviewed. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(3-Hydroxy-5-((E)-4-hydroxystyryl)phenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 27208-80-6Synthetic Route of C20H22O8).

(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(3-Hydroxy-5-((E)-4-hydroxystyryl)phenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 27208-80-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Synthetic Route of C20H22O8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Assisting anti-PD-1 antibody treatment with a liposomal system capable of recruiting immune cells was written by Zhou, Boyang;Jiang, Qiongchao;Xiao, Xiaoyun;Xu, Xiaolin;Xu, Yanni;Kong, Yao;Zhang, Wenyue;Zeng, Yunting;Liu, Xiaodi;Luo, Baoming. And the article was included in Nanoscale in 2019.Electric Literature of C37H74NO8P The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Despite the functions of anti-PD-1 antibodies as immune checkpoint regulators, less than 30% of patients exhibit durable therapeutic responses to anti-PD-1 antibodies. Studies have shown that insufficient infiltration of immune cells might limit the outcome of anti-PD-1 therapy. Therefore, we synthesized an immune cell-recruiting liposomal system (FN-nps) to improve this therapeutic strategy. The FN-nps could generate cell debris and expose heat shock protein 70, which could recruit immune cells to tumor sites to assist in anti-PD-1 treatment. In vivo experiments revealed that the FN-nps could assist in anti-PD-1 therapy by increasing the number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and tumor site by generating tumor antigens, and this effect was accompanied by an increase in cytokine expression. The number of CTLs increased and mRNA expression levels of cytokines were regulated when the FN-nps were combined with anti-PD-1 therapy. The revealed properties of the liposomal system make it highly promising for assisting in anti-PD-1 antibody immunotherapy in different cancers. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5Electric Literature of C37H74NO8P).

(2R)-3-(((2-Aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)propane-1,2-diyl dipalmitate (cas: 923-61-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Electric Literature of C37H74NO8P

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomic analysis of the flavonoid regulatory networks in Sorghum bicolor seeds was written by Zhou, Yaxing;Lv, Jingbo;Yu, Zhonghao;Wang, Zhenguo;Li, Yan;Li, Mo;Deng, Zhilan;Xu, Qingquan;Cui, Fengjuan;Zhou, Wei. And the article was included in BMC Genomics in 2022.Related Products of 29106-49-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The objective of this study was to reveal the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in white (Z6), red (Z27) and black (HC4) seeds of the sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) using metabolomics and transcriptomics, to identify different flavonoid metabolites, and to analyze the differentially expressed genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. We analyzed the metabolomics and transcriptomics data of sweet sorghum seeds. Six hundred and fifty-one metabolites including 171 flavonoids were identified in three samples. Integrated anal. of transcriptomics and metabolomics showed that 8 chalcone synthase genes (gene19114, gene19115, gene19116, gene19117, gene19118, gene19120, gene19122 and gene19123) involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, were identified and play central role in change of color. Six flavanone including homoeriodictyol, naringin, prunin, naringenin, hesperetin and pinocembrin were main reason for the color difference. Our results provide valuable information on the flavonoid metabolites and the candidate genes involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in sweet sorghum seeds. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,2’R,3R,3’R,4R)-2,2′-Bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-[4,8′-bichromane]-3,3′,5,5′,7,7′-hexaol (cas: 29106-49-8Related Products of 29106-49-8).

(2R,2’R,3R,3’R,4R)-2,2′-Bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-[4,8′-bichromane]-3,3′,5,5′,7,7′-hexaol (cas: 29106-49-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Related Products of 29106-49-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Experimental and Computational Investigations of 4-((E)-(2-Amino-5- Nitrophenylimino)Methyl)-5- (Hydroxymethyl)-2-Methylpyridin-3-Ol Schiff Base Derived from Vitamin B₆ was written by Beyramabadi, S. A.;Khashi, M.;Morsali, A.;Gharib, A.;Chegini, H.. And the article was included in Journal of Structural Chemistry in 2018.COA of Formula: C8H10ClNO3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

An unsym. tridentate Schiff base 4-((E)-(2-amino-5-nitrophenylimino)methyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)- 2-methylpyridin-3-ol is newly synthesized and characterized exptl. Its geometrical parameters, the assignment of IR bands and NMR chem. shifts are also computed by the d. functional theory method. In addition, the atoms in mols. (AIM) anal. is employed to investigate its geometry. Only one of the diamine-NH₂ groups undergoes the condensation reaction. In the structure of the synthesized Schiff base, the remaining amino group lies in the para position with respect to the nitro group (isomer 1). In both gas and solution phases, isomer 1 is more stable than isomer 2 with the meta orientation of the amino and nitro groups. The NMR chem. shifts and the AIM anal. show that isomer 1 is a more favorite structure for the synthesized Schiff base. It has no planar structure. The phenolic proton is engaged in the intramol. hydrogen bond with the azomethine nitrogen atom. The exptl. results are in good agreement with the theor. ones, confirming the validity of the optimized geometry. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5COA of Formula: C8H10ClNO3).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.COA of Formula: C8H10ClNO3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Genetic and bioprocess engineering for the selective and high-level production of geranyl acetate in Escherichia coli was written by Wang, Xun;Zhang, Xinyi;Zhang, Jia;Xiao, Longjie;Zhou, Yujunjie;Zhang, Yu;Wang, Fei;Li, Xun. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2022.Related Products of 367-93-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Geranyl acetate is, as one of the monoterpenoids, a natural constituent of more than 60 essential oils. Production of such an ester fragrance compound by plant extracts is limited by low yield and high processing costs but plausible by microbial synthesis. We report a microbial cell factory that realizes selective and high-level geranyl acetate production in Escherichia coli. For this purpose, co-expression of geraniol synthase and alc. acetyltransferase was initially used to increase production yield, but a considerable quantity of precursor geraniol was also produced. Further, introducing an extra AAT gene copy and controlling the substrate glycerol supply enabled a drastically higher selective geranyl acetate production Eventually, the highest reported titer of 52.78 mM (equivalent to 10.36 g/L) geranyl acetate, accounting for 98.5% of total products, was achieved under a controlled fermentation system. Such selective and high-level geranyl acetate production by combining genetic and bioprocess engineering is also a promising strategy for other monoterpene esters in E. coli. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Related Products of 367-93-1).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Related Products of 367-93-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Versatility in acyltransferase activity completes chicoric acid biosynthesis in purple coneflower was written by Fu, Rao;Zhang, Pingyu;Jin, Ge;Wang, Lianglei;Qi, Shiqian;Cao, Yang;Martin, Cathie;Zhang, Yang. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2021.Recommanded Product: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench) is a popular native North American herbal plant. Its major bioactive compound, chicoric acid, is reported to have various potential physiol. functions, but little is known about its biosynthesis. Here, taking an activity-guided approach, we identify two cytosolic BAHD acyltransferases that form two intermediates, caftaric acid and chlorogenic acid. Surprisingly, a unique serine carboxypeptidase-like acyltransferase uses chlorogenic acid as its acyl donor and caftaric acid as its acyl acceptor to produce chicoric acid in vacuoles, which has evolved its acyl donor specificity from the better-known 1-O-β-D-glucose esters typical for this specific type of acyltransferase to chlorogenic acid. This unusual pathway seems unique to Echinacea species suggesting convergent evolution of chicoric acid biosynthesis. Using these identified acyltransferases, we have reconstituted chicoric acid biosynthesis in tobacco. Our results emphasize the flexibility of acyltransferases and their roles in the evolution of specialized metabolism in plants. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Recommanded Product: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Incorporation of phenolic-rich ingredients from integral valorization of Isabel grape improves the nutritional, functional and sensory characteristics of probiotic goat milk yogurt was written by Silva, Francyeli Araujo;Queiroga, Rita de Cassia Ramos do Egypto;de Souza, Evandro Leite;Voss, Glenise Bierhalz;Borges, Graciele da Silva Campelo;Lima, Marcos dos Santos;Pintado, Maria Manuela Estevez;Vasconcelos, Margarida Angelica da Silva. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Product Details of 29106-49-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

This study elaborated different probiotic goat milk yogurt formulations with addition of a low-calorie Isabel “Precoce” grape preparation and flour from derived solid byproducts. Physicochem. characteristics, probiotic counts, phenolic and protein/peptide mol. weight profile, antioxidant capacity (AC) and sensory acceptance of different yogurt formulations were evaluated. Yogurts with Isabel grape ingredients (IGI) had high nutritional value, distinct phenolic profile and high AC. High counts of probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus La-05 were found in yogurts during storage. AC of yogurts with IGI increased during a simulated gastrointestinal digestion with breakdown of high mol. weight proteins and release of protein-bound phenolics. AC of yogurts with IGI should be linked to goat milk peptides and Isabel grape phenolics. Yogurts with IGI had enhanced sensory acceptance. Incorporation of Isabel grape preparation and derived byproduct flour into probiotic goat milk yogurt resulted in an added-value product with multifunctional characteristics and improved sensory characteristics. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,2’R,3R,3’R,4R)-2,2′-Bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-[4,8′-bichromane]-3,3′,5,5′,7,7′-hexaol (cas: 29106-49-8Product Details of 29106-49-8).

(2R,2’R,3R,3’R,4R)-2,2′-Bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-[4,8′-bichromane]-3,3′,5,5′,7,7′-hexaol (cas: 29106-49-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Product Details of 29106-49-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A Synchronized Increase of Stilbenes and Flavonoids in Metabolically Engineered Vitis vinifera cv. Gamay Red Cell Culture was written by Wang, Ru;Lenka, Sangram Keshari;Kumar, Varun;Sikron-Persi, Noga;Dynkin, Irena;Weiss, David;Perl, Avichai;Fait, Aaron;Oren-Shamir, Michal. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2021.Application In Synthesis of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(3-Hydroxy-5-((E)-4-hydroxystyryl)phenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Stilbenes and flavonoids are two major health-promoting phenylpropanoid groups in grapes. Attempts to promote the accumulation of one group usually resulted in a decrease in the other. This study presents a unique strategy for simultaneously increasing metabolites in both groups in V. vinifera cv. Gamay Red grape cell culture, by overexpression of flavonol synthase (FLS) and increasing Phe availability. Increased Phe availability was achieved by transforming the cell culture with a second gene, the feedback-insensitive E. coli DAHP synthase (AroG*), and feeding them with Phe. A combined metabolomic and transcriptomic anal. reveals that the increase in both phenylpropanoid groups is accompanied by an induction of many of the flavonoid biosynthetic genes and no change in the expression levels of stilbene synthase. Furthermore, FLS overexpression with increased Phe availability resulted in higher anthocyanin levels, mainly those derived from delphinidin, due to the induction of F3′5′H. These insights may contribute to the development of grape berries with increased health benefits. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(3-Hydroxy-5-((E)-4-hydroxystyryl)phenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 27208-80-6Application In Synthesis of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(3-Hydroxy-5-((E)-4-hydroxystyryl)phenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol).

(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(3-Hydroxy-5-((E)-4-hydroxystyryl)phenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 27208-80-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Application In Synthesis of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(3-Hydroxy-5-((E)-4-hydroxystyryl)phenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Multiomics analysis reveals that peach gum colouring reflects plant defense responses against pathogenic fungi was written by Liu, Jia;Zhang, Xiping;Tian, Ju;Li, Yong;Liu, Qiyue;Chen, Xiaolong;Feng, Fayun;Yu, Xiangyang;Yang, Chenye. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Synthetic Route of C30H26O12 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In the present study, the differences in the antioxidant capability, metabolite composition and fungal diversity in peach gum with various colors were investigated. Metabolomics revealed that peach gum comprised many small-mol. metabolites (including primary and secondary metabolites), and most polyphenols (such as flavonoids and phenolic acids) showed a significantly pos. relationship with the color deepening, total phenol content and antioxidant capability. Using fungal diversity anal., the abundance of five fungi at the genus level increased with peach gum color deepening, and these fungi demonstrated a significantly pos. relationship with two defense hormones (salicylic acid and abscisic acid) and most polyphenols (particularly flavonoids). The gummosis pathogenic fungus Botryosphaeria was among the five fungi, suggesting that peach gum coloring may reflect plant defense responses against pathogenic fungi. Addnl., the concentrations of 12 flavonoids in peach gum samples were detected based on LC-QQQ/MS, among which hesperetin, naringenin and eriodictyol were the most abundant. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,2’R,3R,3’R,4R)-2,2′-Bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-[4,8′-bichromane]-3,3′,5,5′,7,7′-hexaol (cas: 29106-49-8Synthetic Route of C30H26O12).

(2R,2’R,3R,3’R,4R)-2,2′-Bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-[4,8′-bichromane]-3,3′,5,5′,7,7′-hexaol (cas: 29106-49-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Synthetic Route of C30H26O12

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts