Month: November 2022

Castrosanto, Melvin A. published the artcileBarnyard grass [ Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv] leaves extract against tomato pests, COA of Formula: C8H8O3, the publication is Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture (2021), 101(15), 6289-6299, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Tomato is one of the widely cultivated crops worldwide that is affected by several pests, such as fungi (Fusarium oxysoporum, Alternaria solani), bacteria (Pectobacterium carotovorum) and weeds (Cyperus iria L., Amaranthus spinosus). A growing interest has emerged for developing plant-derived pesticidal compounds to counteract these pests. One attractive alternative is to use barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli), known to be widely resistant to synthetic herbicides, as a potential biopesticide compound source. Phytochem. screening of the crude extract showed that phenolic compounds were the most abundant component present in barnyard grass. The crude extract was evaluated for antifungal, antibacterial and herbicidal activities. Bioassays showed inhibition against F. oxysporum (10.73 ± 1.30%) and A. solani (20.47 ± 3.51%), the causative agent of Fusarium rot and early blight disease in tomato, resp. Antibacterial activity against P. carotovorum gave a mean zone of inhibition (paper disk diffusion assay) of 17.00 ± 1.00 mm and an IC50 (dose-response assay) of 2.26 mg mL-1 was observed Dose-responsive herbicidal activity on the lettuce seed germination bioassay produced an IC50 of 459.30 ppm. Selectivity studies showed inhibition towards C. iria and A. spinosus with no effect on tomato. Lastly, bioassay-guided fractionation coupled with untargeted metabolomics studies using ultra-performance liquid chromatog. with diode array detection-tandem mass spectrometry mass analyses revealed loliolide and tricin as the putative metabolites present in barnyard grass. To date, this is the first reported study on using barnyard grass as a potential alternative biopesticide against tomato pests such as fungi, bacteria and weeds. 2021 Society of Chem. Industry.

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published new progress about 90-64-2. 90-64-2 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Alcohol,Natural product, name is 2-Hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H8O3, COA of Formula: C8H8O3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Toprak, Nurettin Alper published the artcileThe effects of grinding aids on modelling of air classification of cement, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Construction and Building Materials (2018), 564-573, database is CAplus.

Until so far, several studies have been performed on grinding aids which have discussed the influences. However, the evaluations were all based on closed circuited grinding operations where the milling and the classification operations were integrated and had effect with each other. The novelty of this paper comes from its comprehensive test works with only on air classifier and development of grinding aid-specific model structure that has not been performed. Within the scope, laboratory scale air classifier was utilized and triethanolamine (TEA), triisopropanolamine (TIPA), and diethylenglycol (DEG) were mixed with cement at various dosage rates. The exptl. tests were performed at different wheel speed and air flow rates then the performance of the air classification was evaluated by plotting the Tromp curves. As a result, the limited change was observed for cut size and sharpness parameters however, bypass and fish hook parameters changed significantly. Among the grinding aids tested, TIPA type aid was found to be more effective on both bypass and fish hook parameters. Finally, the air classifier was modelled by using Whiten’s equation and the relations between dosage rate, type and model parameters were investigated. The results concluded that different types of grinding aids had varied influences and the model structures needed to be developed accordingly.

Construction and Building Materials published new progress about 122-20-3. 122-20-3 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Organic Pigment, name is Triisopropanolamine, and the molecular formula is C18H17NO8, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ford, Russell L. published the artcileIntramolecular Pd-Catalyzed Reductive Amination of Enolizable sp³-C-H Bonds, Product Details of C7H6FNO3, the publication is Organic Letters (2019), 21(21), 8827-8831, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A palladium-catalyzed reductive cyclization of nitroarenes has been designed to construct sp³-C-NHAr bonds from sp³-C-H bonds by using an enolizable nucleophile to intercept a nitrosoarene intermediate. Exposure of ortho-substituted nitroarenes to 5 mol % of Pd(OAc)₂ and 10 mol % of phenanthroline under 2 atm of CO constructs partially saturated 5-, 6-, or 7-membered N-heterocycles I (R¹ = H, Cl, Me, etc.; R² = H, F, Me, etc.; R³ = H, Me) using α-pyridyl carboxylates, malonates, 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid, 1,3-diones, or difurans as the nucleophile.

Organic Letters published new progress about 1043416-40-5. 1043416-40-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Fluoride,Nitro Compound,Benzene,Alcohol, name is (4-Fluoro-2-nitrophenyl)methanol, and the molecular formula is C7H6FNO3, Product Details of C7H6FNO3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Alqarni, Sara A. published the artcileDevelopment of a Fluorescent Nanofibrous Template by In Situ S_NAr Polymerization of Fluorine-Containing Terphenyls with Aliphatic Diols: Self-Assembly and Optical and Liquid Crystal Properties, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is ACS Omega (2021), 6(50), 35030-35038, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Stimulus-responsive supramol. organogels have been broadly studied, but the assembly of a liquid crystalline organogel with a thermoreversible response remains a challenge. This could be attributed to the difficulty of designing organogelators with liquid crystalline properties. Nucleophilic aromatic substitution (S_NAr) has been utilized to produce a diversity of pentafluorobenzene-containing aromatics, which are very regioselective to para positions. Those pentafluorobenzene-functionalized aromatics have been ideal compounds for the preparation of calamitic liquid crystals. In this context, novel fluoroterphenyl-containing main-chain polyether (FTP@PE) was synthesized using in situ S_NAr polymerization as a convenient and effective synthetic strategy toward the development of fluorescent liquid crystals bearing fluoroterphenyl and ether groups. The fluoroterphenyl unit was synthesized by Cu(I)-supported decarboxylation cross-coupling of potassium pentafluorobenzoate and 1,4-diiodobenzene. The chem. structures of FTP@PE were studied with ¹H/¹³C/¹⁹F NMR and IR spectra. The liquid crystal mesophases were determined with differential scanning calorimetry and polarizing optical microscopy. UV-visible absorbance and emission spectral profiles showed solvatochromic activity. The nanofibrous morphologies were studied with a scanning electron microscope. The organogels of FTP@PE were developed in a number of solvents via van der Waals attraction forces of aliphatic moieties and π stacking of fluoroterphenyl groups. They demonstrated thermoreversible responsiveness.

ACS Omega published new progress about 111-29-5. 111-29-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Alcohol,Ploymers, name is Pentane-1,5-diol, and the molecular formula is C5H12O2, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sha, Feng published the artcileLigand- and Additive-Controlled Pd-Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation of Alkynes with Aminophenols: Highly Chemo- and Regioselective Synthesis of α,β-Unsaturated Amides, Safety of 3-(Methylamino)phenol, the publication is ACS Catalysis (2017), 7(3), 2220-2229, database is CAplus.

This work describes the chemo- and regioselective direct aminocarbonylation of alkynes withh aminophenols to form hydroxy-substituted α,β-unsaturated amides in good to excellent yields. The latter are valuable compounds in pharmaceuticals and natural products. By a simple choice of different ligands and additives, branched or linear isomers could be selectively formed in excellent regioselectivity. Using a combination of boronic acid and 5-chlorosalicylic acid (“BCSA”) as the additives, linear amides were obtained in high yields and selectivities using 1,2-bis(di-tert-butylphosphinomethyl)benzene (DTBPMB) as the ligand. On the other hand, branched amides could be approached by introducing 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane as the ligand and p-TsOH·H₂O as the additive. In addition to the hydroxyl group, other functional substituents, such as carboxyl and vinyl groups, could also be tolerated using this method. As an application of this strategy, the natural product avenanthramide A could be synthesized directly in 84% yield and in 99% regioselectivity via the carbonylation of 2-amino-5-hydroxybenzoic acid and 4-ethynylphenol. Further studies show that the ligands and the additives are keys to good yields and selectivities.

ACS Catalysis published new progress about 14703-69-6. 14703-69-6 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Benzene,Phenol, name is 3-(Methylamino)phenol, and the molecular formula is C11H21BO2Si, Safety of 3-(Methylamino)phenol.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bayon, Yolanda published the artcile4-Trifluoromethyl derivatives of salicylate, triflusal and its main metabolite 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid, are potent inhibitors of nuclear factor κB activation, COA of Formula: C8H5F3O3, the publication is British Journal of Pharmacology (1999), 126(6), 1359-1366, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The effect of two derivatives of salicylate, 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid (HTB) and 2-acetoxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid (triflusal), on the activation of NF-κB elicited by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was tested. The expression of the mRNA of vascular cell adhesion mol.-1 (VCAM-1) was studied as an example of a gene the expression of which is regulated by NF-κB. To extend these findings to other systems, the induction of nitric oxide synthase in rat adherent peritoneal macrophages was studied. Both HTB and triflusal were more potent than aspirin or salicylate as inhibitors of the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. The calculation of the IC₅₀ values showed ≈ 2 mM for HTB, 4 mM for aspirin and >4 mM for salicylate. Comparison of the potency of these compounds on VCAM-1 mRNA expression showed complete inhibition by both triflusal and HTB at a concentration of 4 mM whereas aspirin and salicylate produced only 36-43% inhibition at the same concentration Inhibition of NF-κB activation was also observed in rat peritoneal macrophages stimulated via their receptors for the Fc portion of the antibody mol. with IgG/ovalbumin immune complexes. This was accompanied by a dose-dependent inhibition of nitrite production by the L-arginine pathway via iNOS. IC₅₀ values for this effect were 1.13±0.12 mM (triflusal), 1.84±0.34 (HTB), 6.08±1.53 mM (aspirin) and 9.16±1.9 mM (salicylate). These data indicate that the incorporation of a 4-trifluoromethyl group to the salicylate mol. strongly enhances its inhibitory effect on NF-κB activation, VCAM-1 mRNA expression and iNOS induction, irresp. of the presence of the acetyl moiety involved in the inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase.

British Journal of Pharmacology published new progress about 328-90-5. 328-90-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3O3, COA of Formula: C8H5F3O3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Capo, Xavier published the artcileQuantification of differential tissue biomarker responses to microplastic ingestion and plasticizer bioaccumulation in aquaculture reared sea bream Sparus aurata, Product Details of C12H10O4S, the publication is Environmental Research (2022), 113063, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Marine aquaculture is considered a potential source of microplastics (MPs). MPs can induce oxidative stress and damage in marine species. In this study we evaluated the impact of MPs intake in the com. fish, Sparus aurata, from aquaculture facilities and the antioxidant response associated to this MPs ingestion in caged specimens for 120 days. Sampling was carried out at the beginning of the study (T0), at 60 days (T60) and at 120 days (T120). At each sampling stage, gastrointestinal tract, blood, plasma, liver and muscle samples were obtained to analyze MPs intake (gastrointestinal tract), oxidative stress markers (blood, plasma and liver) and plasticizers bioaccumulation (muscle). Fish sampled at T60 presented the highest MPs intake and plasticizers accumulated in muscle over time, but with a different pattern according to type: bisphenols and phthalates. This indicates MPs ingestion induces a differential tissue response in S. aurata. Similarly, stress biomarkers presented a differential response throughout the study, depending on the analyzed tissue. In the case of oxidative damage markers, for malondialdehyde (MDA) an increase throughout the study was observed both in liver and blood cells but with a progressive decrease in plasma. In the case of phase I detoxifying enzyme activities in liver, 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), 7-benzyloxy-4-[trifluoromethyl]-coumarin-O-debenzyloxylase (BFCOD) and carboxylesterases (CE), showed a comparable decrease at T60 with a slight recovery at T120. In contrast, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity was significantly enhanced at T60 compared to the other sampling stages. In conclusion, MPs ingestion occurs in aquaculture reared seabream where potentially associated plasticizers accumulate in the muscle and both could be responsible for plasma and liver oxidative stress damage and alterations on detoxifying biomarkers responses.

Environmental Research published new progress about 80-09-1. 80-09-1 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Ploymers, name is 4,4′-Sulfonyldiphenol, and the molecular formula is C12H10O4S, Product Details of C12H10O4S.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Al-Ghannam, Sheikha M. published the artcileStability-indicating HPLC method for the determination of nicardipine in capsules and spiked human plasma. Identification of degradation products using HPLC/MS, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is Arabian Journal of Chemistry (2019), 12(8), 1983-1993, database is CAplus.

In this stability-indicating, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatog. method for nicardipine (NIC), forced degradation has been employed and the formed degradants were separated on a C18 (150 mm × 3.9 mm, 5μm) anal. column using a mobile phase consisted of 70% methanol: acetic acid containing 0.01 M triethylamine with pH 4. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the photodiode array detection wavelength was 353 nm. Forced degradation of the drug was carried out under acidic, basic, photolytic, and oxidative stress conditions. Chromatog. peak purity data indicated no co-eluting peaks with the main peaks. This method resulted in the detection of seven degradation products. Among these, two major degradation products from basic hydrolysis, one from oxidation by H₂O₂ and four from photolytic stress were identified by mass spectral data. A good linear response was achieved over the range of 0.5-40μg/mL with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.011μg/mL and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.036μg/mL. The suggested method was successfully applied for the anal. of NIC in its com. capsules, with mean% recovery value of 100.11 ± 2.26%. The method was extended to the in vitro determination on NIC in spiked human plasma samples with mean% recovery of 99.04 ± 5.67%. The suggested method was utilized to investigate the kinetics of photolytic induced degradation

Arabian Journal of Chemistry published new progress about 101-98-4. 101-98-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Benzene,Alcohol, name is 2-(Benzyl(methyl)amino)ethanol, and the molecular formula is C10H15NO, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

de Gracia Lux, Caroline published the artcileControlled degradation and release of polymer based nanoparticles, Quality Control of 25240-59-9, the publication is PMSE Preprints (2012), No pp. given, database is CAplus.

Polymer based nano and microparticles have recently received much interest for their ability both to encapsulate a therapeutic and release a payload on demand, in response to stimuli such as removal of a protecting group, pH, light and oxidative conditions. Upon exposure to specific conditions, these materials undergo reactions which degrade them in a very controlled manner. This paper presents controlled degradation and release studies from two new polymeric nanoparticles. First we use oxidative conditions to trigger the degradation of H₂O₂ bioresponsive polymeric nanoparticles. Then, using another approach, we exploit light sensitive end-cap groups to trigger the disassembly of a linear self-immolative material. Encapsulation of drugs could provide improved pharmacokinetics as they would be protected from the physiol. environment. Selected release could also allow lower drug loading through effective site delivery.

PMSE Preprints published new progress about 25240-59-9. 25240-59-9 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Boronic acid and ester,Boronic Acids,Boronate Esters, name is 4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C6H13BO3, Quality Control of 25240-59-9.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Storz, Michael P. published the artcileFrom in vitro to in cellulo: structure-activity relationship of (2-nitrophenyl)methanol derivatives as inhibitors of PqsD in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Recommanded Product: 4,4-Diethoxybutan-1-amine, the publication is Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry (2014), 12(32), 6094-6104, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Recent studies have shown that compounds based on a (2-nitrophenyl)methanol scaffold are promising inhibitors of PqsD, a key enzyme of signal mol. biosynthesis in the cell-to-cell communication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The most promising mol. displayed anti-biofilm activity and a tight-binding mode of action. Herein, the authors report on the convenient synthesis and biochem. evaluation of a comprehensive series of (2-nitrophenyl)methanol derivatives The in vitro potency of these inhibitors against recombinant PqsD as well as the effect of selected compounds on the production of the signal mols. HHQ and PQS in P. aeruginosa were examined The gathered data allowed the establishment of a structure-activity relationship, which was used to design fluorescent inhibitors, and finally, led to the discovery of (2-nitrophenyl)methanol derivatives with improved in cellulo efficacy providing new perspectives towards the application of PqsD inhibitors as anti-infectives.

Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry published new progress about 6346-09-4. 6346-09-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ether, name is 4,4-Diethoxybutan-1-amine, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Recommanded Product: 4,4-Diethoxybutan-1-amine.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts