Month: November 2022

In 2020,Letters in Applied Microbiology included an article by Wang, Y.; Li, X.; Wang, D.; Sun, S.; Lu, C.. Related Products of 23828-92-4. The article was titled 《In vitro interactions of ambroxol hydrochloride or amlodipine in combination with antibacterial agents against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro interactions of ambroxol hydrochloride (ABH) or amlodipine (AML) with commonly used antibacterial agents, including meropenem, imipenem-cilastatin sodium, biapenem, cefoperazone-sulbactam, polymyxin B, and tigecycline, against six carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) clin. isolates. Drug interactions were interpreted using two models, i.e., the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) model and the percentage of growth difference (ΔE) model. The results show that a majority of the combination groups exhibited partial synergy and additive interactions, such as the combinations of carbapenems and cefoperazone-sulbactam (SCF) with ABH or AML. While the combination of PB/AML exhibited synergistic interactions against all tested isolates, and PB/ABH exhibited synergistic interactions against two isolates. The FICI and ΔE model correlated very well for the combinations of PBABH and PB/AML against AB2. The combinations of TGC with ABH or AML mainly exhibited additive and indifferent interactions. There were no antagonistic interactions observed in any of the combinations. In conclusion, this study revealed that the non-antibacterial agents ABH or AML can work synergistically or partial synergistically with antibacterial agents against CRAB. This finding is crucial for overcoming the carbapenem resistance of A. baumannii. In addition to this study using trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride, there are many other studies that have used trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride(cas: 23828-92-4Related Products of 23828-92-4) was used in this study.

trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride(cas: 23828-92-4) is a medication indicated to alleviate chest congestion associated with conditions that include bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchospasm asthma, cough, and allergy.Related Products of 23828-92-4 Preclinically, ambroxol, the active ingredient of Mucosolvan, has been shown to increase respiratory tract secretion.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Lenssen, T; Dankelman, J; Horeman, T published an article on January 22 ,2022. The article was titled 《SATA-LRS: A modular and novel steerable hand-held laparoscopic instrument platform for low-resource settings☆.》, and you may find the article in Medical engineering & physics.Recommanded Product: 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 2-(acetylthio)acetate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

BACKGROUND: Hospitals in low resource settings (LRS) can benefit from modern laparoscopic methodologies. However, cleaning, maintenance and costs requirements play a stronger role while training and technology are less available. Steerable laparoscopic instruments have additional requirements in these settings and need extra identified adaptations in their design. METHOD: Several modular detachability and tip steerability features were applied to the SATA-LRS instrument platform designed specifically for LRS. Ten subjects participated a dis- and reassembly experiment to validate the modularity, and in a steering experiment using a custom made set-up to validate steering. RESULTS: A new steerable SATA-LRS instrument was developed with the ability to exchange end-effectors through a disassembly of the shafts. Experiments showed an average 34 and 90 s for complete dis- and reassembly, respectively. Participants were able to handle the instrument independently after a single demonstration and 4 rounds of repetitions. Precise tip-target alignment in the box set-up showed a very short learning-curve of 6 repetitions. CONCLUSION: A novel instrument platform with articulating and rotating end-effector was designed for LRS. Within a minute the SATA-LRS can be disassembled to component level for inspection, cleaning, maintenance and repair, and can be autonomously reassembled by novices after a minimal training. The modular buildup is expected to reduce purchasing and repair costs. The instrument has been shown intuitive by use without extensive training. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 2-(acetylthio)acetate(cas: 76931-93-6Recommanded Product: 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 2-(acetylthio)acetate)

2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 2-(acetylthio)acetate(cas: 76931-93-6) belongs to pyrrolidine. Pyrrolidine being a good nucleophile easily undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions with different electrophiles such alkyl halides and acyl halides, and forms N-substituted pyrrolidines. N-Alkylpyrrolidine on further reaction with alkyl halide provided quaternary salts.Recommanded Product: 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 2-(acetylthio)acetate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Lu, Xiao-Yu; Xia, Ze-Jie; Gao, Ang; Liu, Qi-Le; Jiang, Run-Chuang; Liu, Chuang-Chuang published an article in Journal of Organic Chemistry. The title of the article was 《Dual Nickel/Ruthenium Strategy for Photoinduced Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling of α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids with Cycloketone Oxime Esters》.Formula: C12H20O6 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Herein, a dual nickel/ruthenium strategy is developed for photoinduced decarboxylative cross-coupling between α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids and cycloketone oxime esters. The reaction mechanism is distinct from previous photoinduced decarboxylation of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids. This reaction might proceed through a nickelacyclopropane intermediate. The C(sp2)-C(sp3) bond constructed by the aforementioned reaction provides an efficient approach to obtaining various cyanoalkyl alkenes, which are synthetically valuable organic skeletons in organic and medicinal chem., under mild reaction conditions. The protocol tolerates many critical functional groups and provides a route for the modification of complex organic mols. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of ((3aS,5aR,8aR,8bS)-2,2,7,7-Tetramethyltetrahydro-3aH-bis([1,3]dioxolo)[4,5-b:4′,5′-d]pyran-3a-yl)methanol(cas: 20880-92-6Formula: C12H20O6)

((3aS,5aR,8aR,8bS)-2,2,7,7-Tetramethyltetrahydro-3aH-bis([1,3]dioxolo)[4,5-b:4′,5′-d]pyran-3a-yl)methanol(cas: 20880-92-6) is a useful reactant for examining the effectiveness of sulfamate and sulfamide groups for the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase-​II (CA-​II)​. And it is used as chiral auxiliaries in Michael and Aldol addition reactions.Formula: C12H20O6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The author of 《Inhibition of the autoxidation of fats and oils. X. Antioxidant activity of some catechol derivatives for vitamin A in fish-liver oil》 were Tamura, Saburo; Okuma, Kazuhiko; Okubo, Hide. And the article was published in Nippon Nogei Kagaku Kaishi in 1954. Reference of 4-Butylbenzene-1,2-diol The author mentioned the following in the article:

A com. product consisting of liver oils from cods and sharks containing about 36,000 international units of vitamin A/g. oil served as the substrate. The antioxidant activity was expressed by the stability (number of days required for 50% loss of vitamin A in the liver oil) and the inhibitor ratio defined as (Lx-Lc)/(Ls-Lc), where Lc is the stability of liver oil in the absence of antioxidant, Ls the stability of the oil treated with the standard antioxidant, IXa, Lx the stability of the oil treated with the test antioxidant. The inhibitor ratio for 0.05 and 0.10%, resp., was as follows: Et gallate, 0.70, 0.98; Et 4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)butyrate, 0.63, 0.77; Me 6-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)hexanoate, 0.67, 0.77; [3,4-(HO)2C6H3]2(CH2)n (A) (n = 3), 0.83, 1.00; A (n = 4), 1.42, 1.40; A (n = 5), 1.17, 1.21; A (n = 6), 1.17, 1.21; A (n = 9), 0.88, 0.91; A (n = 10), 0.88, 1.00; II, 1.08, 1.12; VII, 1.08, 0.98; and III, 0.75, 0.81.4-Butylbenzene-1,2-diol(cas: 2525-05-5Reference of 4-Butylbenzene-1,2-diol) was used in this study.

4-Butylbenzene-1,2-diol(cas: 2525-05-5) belongs to organoboron compounds. Organoboron compounds are versatile intermediates and as such are some of the most important classes of reagents in modern organic chemistry. Organoboron compounds are less toxic than organostannane reagents, and unlike alkynylzinc and magnesium, many organoboron compounds possess remarkable oxidative and thermal stabilities. Reference of 4-Butylbenzene-1,2-diol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The author of 《Study on the efficacy and safety of ambroxol combined with methylprednisolone in patients with acute lung injury》 were Su, Weiwei; Dong, Qinglian; Jiao, Fangfang. And the article was published in BioMed Research International in 2021. Quality Control of trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride The author mentioned the following in the article:

There is no better treatment method towards paraquat-induced acute lung injury (ALI) at present. Ambroxol combined with methylprednisolone exhibits a significant improvement effect on ALI treatment, whereas their mechanism in ALI is still unclear. 64 Patients with ALI caused by paraquat poisoning brought to author’s hospital from Jan. 2015 to Jan. 2018 were selected. They were separated into a combined treatment group (CTG) and a routine treatment group (RTG) on the basis of different treatment methods. The survival of patients was observed after 7 days of treatment. Arterial blood gas, oxygen partial pressure (PaO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2), patient’s spontaneous respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume (VT), and pos. end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) were observed before and after treatment for 7 days. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were analyzed. The differences of indexes between the dead patients and the survivors were observed, and the potential predictive value of death was analyzed. After treatment, the indexes of patients were significantly improved in both groups compared with those before therapy. Further comparison showed that the improvement of PaO2, PaCO2, and PaO2/FiO2 in CTG was obviously higher than that in RTG (p < 0.05). The improvement of RR, PEEP, and VT in CTG was obviously higher than that in RTG (p < 0.05). The decreased degree of IL-6 and TNF-α in CTG was higher than that in RTG (p < 0.05). The 7-day mortality rate of 64 patients was 39.06%, and there was no obvious difference in the 7-day survival rate in both groups (p = 0.649). IL-6 and TNF-α were expected to be potential prediction indexes of paraquat-induced ALI. Ambroxol combined with methylprednisolone significantly improved the oxygen partial pressure and oxygenation index of patients with paraquat-induced ALI and inhibited the inflammatory response of patients. In the experiment, the researchers used trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride(cas: 23828-92-4Quality Control of trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride)

trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride(cas: 23828-92-4) is a mucolytic expectorant and a metabolite of bromhexine.Quality Control of trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride It is used in the treatment of respiratory disorders characterized by viscous or excessive mucus.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tu, Jia-Lin; Tang, Wan; Xu, Wei; Liu, Feng published an article on February 5 ,2021. The article was titled 《Iminyl-Radical-Promoted C-C Bond Cleavage/Heck-Like Coupling via Dual Cobaloxime and Photoredox Catalysis》, and you may find the article in Journal of Organic Chemistry.Related Products of 20880-92-6 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Herein an unprecedented protocol for radical-olefin coupling of α-imino-oxy acids and alkenes for the synthesis of alkene-containing nitriles via synergistic photoredox and cobaloxime catalysis was reported. With visible-light irradiation, the transformation provided a variety of corresponding alkene-containing nitriles under mild reaction conditions. The C-C bond cleavage/Heck-like coupling reaction generated E-selective coupling products with excellent chemo- and stereo-selectivity. This iminyl-radical-mediated reaction was external-oxidant-free, exhibited wide functional-group compatibility, and occurred with the extrusion of acetone, H2, and CO2. The experimental process involved the reaction of ((3aS,5aR,8aR,8bS)-2,2,7,7-Tetramethyltetrahydro-3aH-bis([1,3]dioxolo)[4,5-b:4′,5′-d]pyran-3a-yl)methanol(cas: 20880-92-6Related Products of 20880-92-6)

((3aS,5aR,8aR,8bS)-2,2,7,7-Tetramethyltetrahydro-3aH-bis([1,3]dioxolo)[4,5-b:4′,5′-d]pyran-3a-yl)methanol(cas: 20880-92-6) is a useful reactant for examining the effectiveness of sulfamate and sulfamide groups for the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase-​II (CA-​II)​. And it is used as chiral auxiliaries in Michael and Aldol addition reactions.Related Products of 20880-92-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Yaxin; Zhao, Jianyou; Qiao, Tianjiao; Zhang, Jian; Chen, Gong published their research in Chinese Journal of Chemistry on December 31 ,2021. The article was titled 《Tunable System for Electrochemical Reduction of Ketones and Phthalimides》.COA of Formula: C13H11ClO The article contains the following contents:

An efficient, tunable system for electrochem. reduction of ketones R1C(O)R2 (R1 = Ph, pyridin-2-yl, 4-chlorophenyl, etc.; R2 = H, t-Bu, thiophen-2-yl, 3-bromophenyl, etc.) and phthalimides I (R3 = prop-2-en-1-yl, phenoxymethyl, Bn, etc.) at room temperature without the need for stoichiometric external reductants was reported. By utilizing NaN3 as the electrolyte and graphite felt as both the cathode and the anode, it was able to selectively reduce the carbonyl groups of the substrates to alcs. R1C(OH)R2, pinacols (R1C(OH)R2)2, or methylene groups e.g., 13-chloro-4-azatricyclo[9.4.0.0 (3,8)]pentadeca-1(11),3,5,7,12,14-hexaene by judiciously choosing the solvent and an acidic additive. The reaction conditions were compatible with a diverse array of functional groups, and phthalimides I could undergo one-pot reductive cyclization to afford products with indolizidine scaffolds e.g., 10-azatetracyclo[8.7.0.0(2,7).0(12,17)]heptadeca-2,4,6,12(17),13,15-hexaen-11-one. Mechanistic studies showed that the reactions involved electron, proton, and hydrogen atom transfers. Importantly, an N3/HN3 cycle operated as a hydrogen atom shuttle, which was critical for reduction of the carbonyl groups to methylene groups e.g., 13-chloro-4-azatricyclo[9.4.0.0 (3,8)]pentadeca-1(11),3,5,7,12,14-hexaene. In addition to this study using (3-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methanol, there are many other studies that have used (3-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methanol(cas: 63012-03-3COA of Formula: C13H11ClO) was used in this study.

(3-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methanol(cas: 63012-03-3) belongs to hydroxy-containing compounds. Hydroxy-containing compounds engage in intermolecular hydrogen bonding increasing the electrostatic attraction between molecules and thus to higher boiling and melting points than found for compounds that lack this functional group. Organic compounds, which are often poorly soluble in water, become water-soluble when they contain two or more hydroxy groups, as illustrated by sugars and amino acid.COA of Formula: C13H11ClO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 1990,Archibald, T. G.; Baum, K.; Garver, L. C. published 《Synthesis of N-nitroazetidines》.Synthetic Communications published the findings.Recommanded Product: Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Direct nitrolysis of 3-substituted azetidine hydrochlorides with acetyl nitrate gives cyclic nitramines I (R = ONO2, O3SMe, CO2H). In the experiment, the researchers used Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride(cas: 18621-18-6Recommanded Product: Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride)

Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride(cas:18621-18-6) is one of azetidine.Azetidines (azacyclobutanes) constitute a well-known class of heterocyclic compounds. Azetidine scaffold has been discovered in several natural products.Recommanded Product: Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride Several pharmacologically important synthetic compounds also contain azetidine ring. Because of inherent ring strain, the synthesis of azetidines is a challenging endeavor.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2013,Zhang, Lei; Villalobos, Anabella; Beck, Elizabeth M.; Bocan, Thomas; Chappie, Thomas A.; Chen, Laigao; Grimwood, Sarah; Heck, Steven D.; Helal, Christopher J.; Hou, Xinjun; Humphrey, John M.; Lu, Jiemin; Skaddan, Marc B.; McCarthy, Timothy J.; Verhoest, Patrick R.; Wager, Travis T.; Zasadny, Kenneth published 《Design and Selection Parameters to Accelerate the Discovery of Novel Central Nervous System Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Ligands and Their Application in the Development of a Novel Phosphodiesterase 2A PET Ligand》.Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published the findings.Synthetic Route of C3H8ClNO The information in the text is summarized as follows:

To accelerate the discovery of novel small mol. central nervous system (CNS) positron emission tomog. (PET) ligands, we aimed to define a property space that would facilitate ligand design and prioritization, thereby providing a higher probability of success for novel PET ligand development. Toward this end, we built a database consisting of 62 PET ligands that have successfully reached the clinic and 15 radioligands that failed in late-stage development as neg. controls. A systematic anal. of these ligands identified a set of preferred parameters for physicochem. properties, brain permeability, and nonspecific binding (NSB). These preferred parameters have subsequently been applied to several programs and have led to the successful development of novel PET ligands with reduced resources and timelines. This strategy is illustrated here by the discovery of the novel phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) PET ligand 4-(3-[18F]fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-7-methyl-5-{1-methyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-4-yl}imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazine, [18F]PF-05270430 (5). In addition to this study using Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride, there are many other studies that have used Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride(cas: 18621-18-6Synthetic Route of C3H8ClNO) was used in this study.

Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride(cas:18621-18-6) is one of azetidine.Azetidines (azacyclobutanes) constitute a well-known class of heterocyclic compounds. Azetidine scaffold has been discovered in several natural products.Synthetic Route of C3H8ClNO Several pharmacologically important synthetic compounds also contain azetidine ring. Because of inherent ring strain, the synthesis of azetidines is a challenging endeavor.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2018,Jiang, Fen; Guo, An-ping; Xu, Jia-chen; You, Qi-Dong; Xu, Xiao-Li published 《Discovery of a Potent Grp94 Selective Inhibitor with Anti-Inflammatory Efficacy in a Mouse Model of Ulcerative Colitis》.Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published the findings.Product Details of 27489-62-9 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

As the endoplasmic reticulum paralog of Hsp90, Grp94 chaperones a small set of client proteins associated with some diseases, including cancer, primary open-angle glaucoma, and inflammatory disorders. Grp94-selective inhibition has been a potential therapeutic strategy for these diseases. In this study, inspired by the conclusion that ligand-induced “”Phe199 shift”” effect is the structural basis of Grp94-selective inhibition, a series of novel Grp94 selective inhibitors incorporating “”benzamide”” moiety were developed, among which compound I manifested the most potent Grp94 inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 2 nM and over 1000-fold selectivity to Grp94 against Hsp90α. In a DSS-induced mouse model of ulcerative colitis (UC), compound I exhibited significant anti-inflammatory efficacy. This work provides a potent Grp94 selective inhibitor as probe compound for the biol. study of Grp94 and represents the first study that confirms the potential therapeutic efficacy of Grp94-selective inhibitors against UC. In the experiment, the researchers used trans-4-Aminocyclohexanol(cas: 27489-62-9Product Details of 27489-62-9)

trans-4-Aminocyclohexanol(cas: 27489-62-9) belongs to anime. The methylamines occur in small amounts in some plants. Many polyfunctional amines (i.e., those having other functional groups in the molecule) occur as alkaloids in plants—for example, mescaline, 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethylamine; the cyclic amines nicotine, atropine, morphine, and cocaine; and the quaternary salt choline, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium chloride, which is present in nerve synapses and in plant and animal cells.Product Details of 27489-62-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts