Month: November 2022

The author of 《Occupational exposure of pharmacists to drugs during the preparation of powder drugs in dispensing pharmacies》 were Murahashi, Tsuyoshi; Suzuki, Ayaka; Motojima, Shiho; Higuchi, Toshiyuki. And the article was published in Yakugaku Zasshi in 2021. Electric Literature of C13H19Br2ClN2O The author mentioned the following in the article:

Occupational exposure of pharmacists to drugs during powder drug preparation in dispensing pharmacies was investigated. First, we determined frequently prescribed tipepidine hibenzate and ambroxol hydrochloride suspended in the air of the dispensing room. The median concentration of the drugs in the air was 0.01 μg/m3 and 0.02 μg/m3, resp.; these values indicate that the air in the dispensing room was contaminated with powder drug. To estimate drug exposure during powder drug preparation, drug dust was collected near the nose of workers. Anal. of the active ingredients of the drugs used in the preparation revealed that eight drugs, including bethanechol, l-carbocisteine, and zonisamide, were detected in the range of 1.5-1220 μg/m3. Assuming that the respiratory volume of an adult was 0.008 m3/min, it was estimated that 0.4-36 μg of the ingredients were exposed per prescription by multiplying concentration, respiratory volume and sampling time (3-5 min). Furthermore, the effect of wearing a medical mask on the drug powder exposure was evaluated using a self-made apparatus When the amount of drug powder collected on filters that is either covered with or without a medical mask was compared, the covered filter exhibited reduced drug powder accumulation to less than 10% the amount collected on the uncovered filter. The present data suggested that a medical mask might decrease the drug dust allergies in dispensing pharmacists.trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride(cas: 23828-92-4Electric Literature of C13H19Br2ClN2O) was used in this study.

trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride(cas: 23828-92-4) is a mucolytic expectorant and a metabolite of bromhexine.Electric Literature of C13H19Br2ClN2O It is used in the treatment of respiratory disorders characterized by viscous or excessive mucus.

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
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Usuki, Toyonobu; Komatsu, Akira published an article in Tetrahedron Letters. The title of the article was 《Preparation of monoalkylpiperidines via the mild hydrogenation of monoalkynylpyridines》.Recommanded Product: 93524-95-9 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Monoalkynylpyridines were prepared via a Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction between monoiodopyridines and alkynes. From the obtained monoalkynylpyridines, mild hydrogenation was conducted to produce the corresponding monoalkylpiperidines in moderate to excellent yields. The hydrogenation reaction was carried out under H2(1 atm) in the presence of 10 wt% Pd/C (5 equiv) in either AcOH or MeOH at room temperature Therefore, this mild method was useful for the quick and easy preparation of monoalkylpiperidines. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 3-(4-Pyridyl)-2-propyn-1-ol(cas: 93524-95-9Recommanded Product: 93524-95-9)

3-(4-Pyridyl)-2-propyn-1-ol(cas: 93524-95-9) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine, its benzo and pyridine-based compounds play diverse roles in organic chemistry. As ligands, solvents, and catalysts they facilitate reactions; thus descriptions of these new ligands and their applications abound each year.Recommanded Product: 93524-95-9

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
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Zhang, Feng; Niu, Yujie; Hong, Dacheng; Ye, Yilin; Hua, Yuhui; Ding, Shihao; Zhang, Yandong published an article on February 28 ,2021. The article was titled 《Synthetic studies towards atkamine》, and you may find the article in Chinese Chemical Letters.Application In Synthesis of 4,4-Diethoxybutan-1-amine The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Atkamine (I) is a complex marine pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloid that comprises a heptacyclic scaffold bearing five different heterocycles and four contiguous stereocenters, and therefore it is a highly challenging target for synthetic chemists. We herein reported a modular synthetic strategy toward this alkaloid, featuring a formal [5 + 2] annulation and an asym. Michael addition The efficient synthesis of the long-chain aliphatic aldehyde and chiral amino acetal fragments have been achieved. A simplified tetracyclic intermediate bearing the core structure of atkamine has been successfully constructed through the formal [5 + 2] annulation. In the experiment, the researchers used 4,4-Diethoxybutan-1-amine(cas: 6346-09-4Application In Synthesis of 4,4-Diethoxybutan-1-amine)

4,4-Diethoxybutan-1-amine(cas: 6346-09-4) belongs to anime. Milder oxidation, using reagents such as NaOCl, can remove four hydrogen atoms from primary amines of the type RCH2NH2 to form nitriles (R―C≡N), and oxidation with reagents such as MnO2 can remove two hydrogen atoms from secondary amines (R2CH―NHR′) to form imines (R2C=NR′). Tertiary amines can be oxidized to enamines (R2C=CHNR2) by a variety of reagents.Application In Synthesis of 4,4-Diethoxybutan-1-amine

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
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In 2015,Muench, Falk; Juretzka, Benjamin; Narayan, Suman; Radetinac, Aldin; Flege, Stefan; Schaefer, Sandra; Stark, Robert W.; Ensinger, Wolfgang published 《Nano- and microstructured silver films synthesised by halide-assisted electroless plating》.New Journal of Chemistry published the findings.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Electroless Ag plating baths were modified with different amounts of chloride and bromide, and the effect on the deposition kinetics and the morphol. of the resulting Ag films was evaluated. The baths were based on Ag nitrate and tartrate as the metal source and the reducing agent. Ethylenediamine was used as the complexing agent to suppress Ag halide precipitation With increasing halide concentration, a reduction in the deposition rate and a decreased tendency towards three-dimensional nucleation was found. Bromide affected the plating reaction more strongly than chloride. The deposit morphologies range from coarse-grained, compact particle aggregates over bimodal structures composed of island-like microparticles and smaller particles of varying geometry to shape-controlled films dominated by plates with a triangular or hexagonal shape. The fabrication of Ag films of adjustable micro- and nanostructure is relevant for various applications such as heterogeneous catalysis, sensing and plasmonics. As an example for structural tailoring enabled by the outlined reaction system, the authors created a biomimetic, self-cleaning coating possessing a static contact angle of 165 ± 3° and a tilt angle of <3°. To this end, a hydrophobic metal surface was designed which exhibits a superimposed roughness on the micrometer and submicron scale. The former was defined by the Ag deposition, the latter by consecutive galvanic replacement. To achieve superhydrophobic properties, the metal surface was coated with an alkanethiol self-assembled monolayer. In the experiment, the researchers used Potassium sodium (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxysuccinate tetrahydrate(cas: 6381-59-5Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks)

Potassium sodium (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxysuccinate tetrahydrate(cas: 6381-59-5) is a ferroelectric crystal with a high piezoelectric effect and electromechanical coupling coefficient. Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks As a Biuret reagent, it is used to measure the protein concentration. Furthermore, it is used as laxative and is also used in food industry.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2016,Baranauskiene, Renata; Rutkaite, Ramune; Peciulyte, Laura; Kazernaviciute, Rita; Venskutonis, Petras Rimantas published 《Preparation and characterization of single and dual propylene oxide and octenyl succinic anhydride modified starch carriers for the microencapsulation of essential oils》.Food & Function published the findings.COA of Formula: C4H12KNaO10 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Hydroxypropylation with propylene oxide followed by esterification with octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) was used to produce modified potato starch derivatives suitable for the encapsulation of essential oils. Caraway essential oil (EO) was encapsulated by spray-drying into enzymically hydrolyzed dual/single modified and native starches. The EO microencapsulation efficiency in different modified starches, the retention of volatile aroma compounds, the emulsion particle size and the microstructure of the spray-dried encapsulated powd. products, as well as the compositional aroma changes taking place during the processing and storage for up to 8 mo have been estimated The increase of OSA content from 0.97 to 2.52% in the P-native structure and from 0.91% to 2.66% in P-HP resulted in the significant increase in the encapsulating capacity, evaluated as a percentage of the total EO retained, from 61.6 to 88.0% and 73.8% to 84.0%, resp. However, the compositional changes of the microencapsulated caraway EO constituents were not remarkable. Addnl., the effect of pure and encapsulated caraway EO products on the oxidative stability of com. rapeseed oil and mayonnaise was evaluated using the instrumental Oxipres method and it was shown that they were more effective in emulsion type products by the up to 1.8-fold increase in the oxidative stability of mayonnaise. After reading the article, we found that the author used Potassium sodium (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxysuccinate tetrahydrate(cas: 6381-59-5COA of Formula: C4H12KNaO10)

Potassium sodium (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxysuccinate tetrahydrate(cas: 6381-59-5) is a ferroelectric crystal with a high piezoelectric effect and electromechanical coupling coefficient. COA of Formula: C4H12KNaO10 It is utilized to break up emulsion in organic synthesis as well as a common precipitant in protein crystallography.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2018,Murray, Stephanie A.; Luc, Eugenia C. M.; Meek, Simon J. published 《Synthesis of Alkenyl Boronates from Epoxides with Di-[B(pin)]-methane via Pd-Catalyzed Dehydroboration》.Organic Letters published the findings.Application of 78782-17-9 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A practical and broadly applicable catalytic method for the synthesis of E-alkenylborons is presented. Reactions are promoted by [Pd(Cl)(η3-C3H5)]2 and proceed by the dehydroboration of cyclic borates. Through the use of epoxides and readily available di-B(pin)-methane (pin = pinacolato) a range of allylic alc.-containing alkenyl boronates, including those that contain a tertiary alc., may be prepared in up to 75% yield, and >20:1 E/Z. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of Bis[(pinacolato)boryl]methane(cas: 78782-17-9Application of 78782-17-9)

Bis[(pinacolato)boryl]methane(cas: 78782-17-9) belongs to organoboron compounds.Application of 78782-17-9 Organoboron compounds are versatile intermediates and as such are some of the most important classes of reagents in modern organic chemistry. This stems from their ease of preparation combined with their ability to undergo a broad range of chemical transformations.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2018,Gu, Xuesong; Xie, Shubo; Chen, Qiang; Chen, Shufeng; Zhao, Haiying; Bian, Zhanxi published 《Anti-migration and burning rate catalytic performances of novel ferrocene-based porphyrins and their transition-metal complexes》.New Journal of Chemistry published the findings.Product Details of 26153-38-8 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Two series of novel ferrocene-based porphyrins and their transition metal (Zn, Co, Ni, and Cu) complexes were synthesized and characterized. One has ferrocene on the skirt of meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) via long chain alkoxy groups (HP1 and HP2); the other has a close connection of TPP and ferrocene containing long chain alkyl groups by ester linkage (HP3). Their UV-visible absorption spectra, fluorescence spectra, thermal stability and electrochem. properties were studied. They were applied for the 1st time as burning rate catalysts (BRCs) in a simulative solid propellant to overcome the migration problem. Their catalytic effects on the thermal degradation of ammonium perchlorate (AP) were evaluated by thermogravimetric and DSC techniques, and the catalytic effects of free porphyrin, Zn(II) porphyrin and Ni(II) porphyrin were similar to that of catocene. While Cu(II) and Co(II) porphyrins exhibited higher catalytic effects than catocene, the Co(II) complexes lowered the thermal decomposition temperature of AP more dramatically compared with Cu(II) complexes. What’s more, these compounds displayed nonmigratory ability in the migration test. Therefore, the novel ferrocene-based porphyrin derivatives are nonmigratory BRCs with high catalytic efficiency for composite solid propellants and have potential applications in aerospace. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 3,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde(cas: 26153-38-8Product Details of 26153-38-8)

3,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde(cas: 26153-38-8) is used as a building block in the synthesis of more complex structures. It is also used in the synthesis of terbutaline, which is an important bronchodilator.Product Details of 26153-38-8

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
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In 2018,Schoonen, Lise; Eising, Selma; van Eldijk, Mark B.; Bresseleers, Jaleesa; van der Pijl, Margo; Nolte, Roeland J. M.; Bonger, Kimberly M.; van Hest, Jan C. M. published 《Modular, Bioorthogonal Strategy for the Controlled Loading of Cargo into a Protein Nanocage》.Bioconjugate Chemistry published the findings.Synthetic Route of C7H9NO2 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Virus capsids, i.e., viruses devoid of their genetic material, are suitable nanocarriers for biomedical applications such as drug delivery and diagnostic imaging. For this purpose, the reliable encapsulation of cargo in such a protein nanocage is crucial, which can be accomplished by the covalent attachment of the compounds of interest to the protein domains positioned at the interior of the cage. This approach is particularly valid for the capsid proteins of the cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV), which have their N-termini located at the inside of the capsid structure. Here, the authors examined several site-selective modification methods for covalent attachment and encapsulation of cargo at the N-terminus of the CCMV protein. Initially, the authors explored approaches to introduce an N-terminal azide functionality, which would allow the subsequent bioorthogonal modification with a strained alkyne to attach the desired cargo. As these methods showed compatibility issues with the CCMV capsid proteins, a strategy based on 2-pyridinecarboxaldehydes for site-specific N-terminal protein modification was employed. This method allowed the successful modification of the proteins, and was applied for the introduction of a bioorthogonal vinylboronic acid moiety. In a subsequent reaction, the proteins could be modified further with a fluorophore using the tetrazine ligation. The application of capsid assembly conditions on the functionalized proteins led to successful particle formation, showing the potential of this covalent encapsulation strategy. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 2,6-Pyridinedimethanol(cas: 1195-59-1Synthetic Route of C7H9NO2)

2,6-Pyridinedimethanol(cas: 1195-59-1) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine’s structure is isoelectronic with that of benzene, but its properties are quite different. Pyridine is completely miscible with water, whereas benzene is only slightly soluble. Like all hydrocarbons, benzene is neutral (in the acid–base sense), but because of its nitrogen atom, pyridine is a weak base.Synthetic Route of C7H9NO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2018,Mogharabi-Manzari, Mehdi; Amini, Mohsen; Abdollahi, Mohammad; Khoobi, Mehdi; Bagherzadeh, Ghodsieh; Faramarzi, Mohammad Ali published 《Co-immobilization of Laccase and TEMPO in the Compartments of Mesoporous Silica for a Green and One-Pot Cascade Synthesis of Coumarins by Knoevenagel Condensation》.ChemCatChem published the findings.HPLC of Formula: 26153-38-8 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Co-immobilization of bio- and chemocatalysts produces sustainable, recyclable hybrid systems that open new horizons for green cascade approaches in organic synthesis. Here, the co-immobilization of laccase and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO) in mesoporous silica was used for the one-pot aqueous synthesis of 30 coumarin-3-carboxylate derivatives under mild conditions through the condensation of in situ oxidized 2-hydroxybenzyl alcs. and malonate derivatives A maximum yield was obtained after incubating at pH 6.0 and 45°C for 24 h. An efficient organic synthesis was catalyzed by the hybrid catalyst in 10% organic solvent. More than 95% of the initial activity of the enzyme was preserved after 10 cycles, and no significant catalyst deactivation occurred after 10 runs. This new system efficiently catalyzed the in situ aerobic oxidation of salicyl alcs., followed by Knoevenagel condensation, which confirmed the possibility of producing efficient hybrid catalysts by co-immobilization of catalytic species in mesoporous materials. In addition to this study using 3,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, there are many other studies that have used 3,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde(cas: 26153-38-8HPLC of Formula: 26153-38-8) was used in this study.

3,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde(cas: 26153-38-8) is used as a building block in the synthesis of more complex structures. It is also used in the synthesis of terbutaline, which is an important bronchodilator.HPLC of Formula: 26153-38-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2019,Nature Chemistry included an article by Ruffoni, Alessandro; Julia, Fabio; Svejstrup, Thomas D.; McMillan, Alastair J.; Douglas, James J.; Leonori, Daniele. Electric Literature of C3H8ClNO. The article was titled 《Practical and regioselective amination of arenes using alkyl amines》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The formation of carbon-nitrogen bonds for the preparation of aromatic amines is among the top five reactions carried out globally for the production of high-value materials, ranging from from bulk chems. to pharmaceuticals and polymers. As a result of this ubiquity and diversity, methods for their preparation impact the full spectrum of chem. syntheses in academia and industry. In general, these mols. are assembled through the stepwise introduction of a reactivity handle in place of an aromatic C-H bond (i.e., a nitro group, halogen or boronic acid) and a subsequent functionalization or cross-coupling. Here we show that aromatic amines can be constructed by direct reaction of arenes and alkyl amines using photocatalysis, without the need for pre-functionalization. The process enables the easy preparation of advanced building blocks, tolerates a broad range of functionalities, and multigram scale can be achieved via a batch-to-flow protocol. The merit of this strategy as a late-stage functionalization platform has been demonstrated by the modification of several drugs, agrochems., peptides, chiral catalysts, polymers and organometallic complexes. The experimental process involved the reaction of Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride(cas: 18621-18-6Electric Literature of C3H8ClNO)

Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride(cas:18621-18-6) is one of azetidine.Azetidines (azacyclobutanes) constitute a well-known class of heterocyclic compounds. Azetidine scaffold has been discovered in several natural products.Electric Literature of C3H8ClNO Several pharmacologically important synthetic compounds also contain azetidine ring. Because of inherent ring strain, the synthesis of azetidines is a challenging endeavor.

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