Month: October 2022

Ochowiak, M.; Kasperkowiak, A.; Doligalski, M.; Sosnowski, T. R.; Matuszak, M.; Wlodarczak, S.; Markowska, M.; Krupinska, A.; Jablczynska, K. published their research in International Journal of Pharmaceutics (Amsterdam, Netherlands) on August 15 ,2019. The article was titled 《The thermostated medical jet nebulizer: Aerosol characteristics》.SDS of cas: 23828-92-4 The article contains the following contents:

The sudden expansion of gas at the outlet of the jet (pneumatic) nebulizer significantly reduces the temperature of the solution, which may provoke bronchospasm, therefore it is recommended to use modern pneumatic inhalers equipped with a thermostat or a universal thermal attachment that allow to obtain a higher temperature aerosol, i.e. thermo-aerosol. The research was carried out for model Newtonian fluids. The droplet diameters of the aerosol spray were investigated using a Spraytec aerosol particle size measurement system. Anal. of the obtained results showed that the increase in solution viscosity caused a decrease in mean droplet diameters and prolonged nebulization time. The anal. of exptl. data made it possible to propose a correlation equation describing the mean diameter of the droplets depending on the properties of the liquid and the flow conditions in the thermostated medical nebulizer. The obtained data contributes to a better understanding of the complex liquid atomization process and can be helpful in the design of medical nebulizers and pharmaceutical preparations After reading the article, we found that the author used trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride(cas: 23828-92-4SDS of cas: 23828-92-4)

trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride(cas: 23828-92-4) is a mucolytic expectorant and a metabolite of bromhexine.SDS of cas: 23828-92-4 It is used in the treatment of respiratory disorders characterized by viscous or excessive mucus.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Application of 57044-25-4On May 15, 2019 ,《Photo-control of cancer cell growth by benzodiazo N-substituted pyrrole derivatives》 appeared in Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, A: Chemistry. The author of the article were Imperatore, Concetta; Scuotto, Maria; Valadan, Mohammadhassan; Rivieccio, Elisa; Saide, Assunta; Russo, Annapina; Altucci, Carlo; Menna, Marialuisa; Ramunno, Anna; Mayol, Luciano; Russo, Giulia; Varra, Michela. The article conveys some information:

In order to expand the class of diazocompounds able to act as photo-activable microtubule inhibitors the potential of azo-heteroarenes has been explored. In this paper we focus on the synthesis, phys. properties and biol. effects of Me rac-2-(2-((E)-(4-((R)-2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)phenyl) diazenyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-3-hydroxypropanoate (1a) and Me rac-2-(2-((E)-(4-((S)-2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)phenyl) diazenyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-3-hydroxypropanoate (1b). Preliminary biol. studies on the HCT-116 p53-/- cancer cell line have shown that the weak antiproliferative action of the trans isomers of these mols., especially of 1a, is enhanced upon LED light irradiation at 435 nm. On A375 cells the mols. have not shown any effect on cell viability either in the dark or under irradiation Moreover, the two diastereomeric components of 1a as pure stereomers have been synthesized and characterized for their chem.-phys. properties. Interestingly, upon irradiation, 1a has shown an antiproliferative activity on the HCT-116 p53-/- cells greater than that of the pure stereomers, 1RR and 1RS. Tubulin polymerization assay has also demonstrated that 1a, 1RR and 1RS inhibit tubulin aggregation mostly after exposure of the samples to LED light irradiation The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of (R)-Oxiran-2-ylmethanol(cas: 57044-25-4Application of 57044-25-4)

(R)-Oxiran-2-ylmethanol(cas: 57044-25-4) is a chiral building block used to construct an epoxyvinyl iodide intermediate in a synthesis of a furanocembrane, a marine natural product.Application of 57044-25-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Lee, Sie Huey; Heng, Desmond; Teo, Jeanette W. P.; Toh, Frederick K. Y.; Tan, Reginald B. H. published their research in International Journal of Pharmaceutics (Amsterdam, Netherlands) on December 15 ,2019. The article was titled 《Inhaled mucoactive particles with tailored architecture for enhanced aerodynamicity, stability and efficacy》.Recommanded Product: trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride The article contains the following contents:

In respiratory and genetic disorders such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis and cystic fibrosis (CF), the lungs produce excess mucus, resulting in a thickened mass, which clogs up the airways and reduces airflow. Consequently, breathing becomes more difficult. Medications that break down the structure of mucus will be especially useful in managing the early symptoms of these diseases and preventing their progression into the more severe forms. This work therefore seeks to develop an inhaled mucoactive dry powder formulation that is efficacious on multiple fronts. As an innovative step, sodium chloride was used to tailor the surface architecture of ambroxol hydrochloride particles, such that the resulting angular features on the surfaces contributed to the creation of corrugated particles with enhanced aerodynamicity. The optimized spray-dried powder particles were of respirable-size (d50 of 2.85 ± 0.15 μm) and moderately corrugated. When the crystalline powder was dispersed via an Aerolizer inhaler at 60 L/min, it gave a fine particle fraction (FPF) of ∼31%, which was a ten-fold improvement over the unmodified species (i.e. ambroxol hydrochloride alone). Tests on artificial sputum medium (ASM) showed that the optimized formulation was potentially useful in liquefying the mucus, which favorably pointed towards the effectiveness of the formulation. In addition, the formulation was also stable to moisture ingress (up to ∼60% RH) and had good flowability. Hence, the advent of angular adjuvant sodium chloride particles in a mucoactive formulation conferred a three-fold benefit to the product: (1) Improved aerodynamicity and flowability, (2) Enhanced moisture stability and (3) Synergistic mucolytic properties. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride(cas: 23828-92-4Recommanded Product: trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride)

trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride(cas: 23828-92-4) is a medication indicated to alleviate chest congestion associated with conditions that include bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchospasm asthma, cough, and allergy.Recommanded Product: trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride Preclinically, ambroxol, the active ingredient of Mucosolvan, has been shown to increase respiratory tract secretion.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The author of 《Stability indicating RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of H1- histamine receptor antagonist and mucolytic agent in marketed formulation》 were Jayaprakash, M.; Puranik, S. B.; Gowri, R.. And the article was published in International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Research in 2020. Reference of trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride The author mentioned the following in the article:

RP-HPLC method has been developed for simultaneous determination of Stability indicating HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of Ambroxol hydrochloride and Levocetirizine dihydrochloride in marketed formulation. The HPLC system used was SHIMADZU UFLC-2000 Prominence LC20AD SPDM 20A Binary Gradient System with Rheodyne injector 20μL and the column Enable C18 250 x 4.6 mm, 5μm. The mobile phase comprised of Phosphate buffer (pH 3.0): Methanol in the ratio of 20:80 volume/volume and flow rate of 1.0 mL/min with PDA detection at 236 nm produced peaks of Ambroxol hydrochloride and Levocetirizine dihydrochloride in the chromatogram which was well resolved with a retention time of 3.4 min and 4.7 min resp. The developed HPLC method was validated for various parameters like accuracy, precision, specificity, LOD, LOQ, linearity, range, and robustness as per ICH guidelines. The results obtained were well within the acceptance criteria for all the parameters. The proposed method was applied for the simultaneous estimation of Ambroxol hydrochloride and Levocetirizine dihydrochloride in marketed formulations (capsule). The assay results conformed to the label claim of the formulation. Hence the proposed method can be used for the routine anal. of Ambroxol hydrochloride and Levocetirizine dihydrochloride in their marketed capsule dosage formulations. Forced degradation studies were carried out in Acidic medium, Alk. medium, Oxidation condition, Thermal condition, and Photostability condition and it was found that the degradation and the peaks of degraded products did not interfere with the method. Hence the developed and validated HPLC method can be employed for routine anal. of Ambroxol hydrochloride and Levocetirizine dihydrochloride in marketed formulations. The results obtained were within the acceptance criteria for the parameter. The proposed methods were applied for the estimation of Ambroxol hydrochloride and Levocetirizine dihydrochloride in marketed formulations. Hence the proposed method was found to be satisfactory and could be used for the routine anal. of Ambroxol hydrochloride and Levocetirizine dihydrochloride in their marketed capsule dosage formulations. In the experiment, the researchers used trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride(cas: 23828-92-4Reference of trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride)

trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride(cas: 23828-92-4) is a mucolytic expectorant and a metabolite of bromhexine.Reference of trans-4-((2-Amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)amino)cyclohexanol hydrochloride It is used in the treatment of respiratory disorders characterized by viscous or excessive mucus.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The author of 《Photocatalyzed borylation using water-soluble quantum dots》 were Chandrashekar, Hediyala B.; Maji, Arun; Halder, Ganga; Banerjee, Sucheta; Bhattacharyya, Sayan; Maiti, Debabrata. And the article was published in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2019. Application In Synthesis of 4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-2-phenyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane The author mentioned the following in the article:

The synthesis of arylboronates by Sandmeyer-type reactions in the presence of water still remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report the use of water-soluble MPA-capped quantum dot (QD) photocatalysts for the borylation of diazonium salts in the presence of water. A biphasic system under mild acidic conditions remains critical to prevent decomposition and competitive disulfide bond formation. The present protocol offers a broader scope of substrates and borylating agents. Addnl., this catalytic system offers a significantly high turnover number (TON). The present methodol. can effectively distinguish subtle reactivity differences between boronic acids and boronates. Mechanistic investigation suggests an excited-state electron transfer pathway.4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-2-phenyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(cas: 24388-23-6Application In Synthesis of 4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-2-phenyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane) was used in this study.

4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-2-phenyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane(cas: 24388-23-6) also known as boronate ester, is generally used in metal-catalyzed C-C bond formation reactions like Suzuki–Miyaura reaction.Application In Synthesis of 4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-2-phenyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

《In-silico approach of 7-azaindole derivatives as inhibitors of bromodomain and insulin growth factor receptors for the treatment of diabetes-related cancer》 was published in International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Research in 2020. These research results belong to Samani, Kamrudeen; Sharma, Uday Raj; Joshi, Abhishek Raj; V., Surendra; Pm, Manjunath; D., Giles. Computed Properties of C3H6O2 The article mentions the following:

Several 7-azaindole derivatives were designed for its dual targeted inhibition towards 1K3A and 4HY3. Drug likeness, ADME studies, virtual toxicity studies and mol. docking studies were carried out using Accelrys drug discovery studio 3.5. All the compounds were found to follow Lipinski rule of 5. Mol. docking was performed for 21 designed ligands against 1K3A and 4HY3 receptors. Some of the designed compounds possess good binding affinity towards 1K3A and 4HY3. The 21 designed 7-azaindole derivatives were then docked against 1K3A (Insulin growth factor) and 4HY3 (bromodomain) receptors. The compounds were found to be having good interaction with amino acids such as VAL 215, GLY 105, LYS 325, ASP 164, LYS 1138, LEU 1143. The compounds 3a4-(1 H-pyrrolo{2,3-b}pyridin-2-yl)benzene-1,2-diol,4a 5-(1 Hpyrrolo{2,3-b}pyridin-2-yl)benzene-1,3-diol and 20a 2-(2- iodophenyl)-1 H-pyrrolo{2,3-b}pyridine having hydroxyl- and Iodo- substitution possess dual inhibition towards bromodomain and insulin growth factor receptor. Hence, these derivatives could be effective as a dual target in drug discovery for the cancer treatment. In addition to this study using Oxetan-3-ol, there are many other studies that have used Oxetan-3-ol(cas: 7748-36-9Computed Properties of C3H6O2) was used in this study.

Oxetan-3-ol(cas: 7748-36-9) is used as a reagent in the synthesis of 5-fluoro-4,6-dialkoxypyrimidine GPR119 agonists. It is also used as a reagent in the synthesis of cyclic sulfone hydroxyethylamines as potent and selective β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) inhibitors.Computed Properties of C3H6O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Song, Liya; Chen, Pengfei; Yu, Jin; Han, Xiaolu; Hua, Yabing; Liu, Shan; Pang, Bo; Gao, Jing; Ma, Jiahua; Xu, Liang published their research in Journal of Materials Chemistry B: Materials for Biology and Medicine in 2021. The article was titled 《A novel cyanoacrylate-based matrix excipient in HPMCP capsules forms a sustained intestinal delivery system for orally administered drugs with enhanced absorption efficiency》.HPLC of Formula: 4048-33-3 The article contains the following contents:

Patients prefer oral drug delivery due to its convenience and noninvasiveness. Nevertheless, a multitude of potentially clin. important drugs will not reach the market or achieve their full potential, due to their low bioavailability and instability in gastric acid. In this study, a novel oral drug delivery system based on poly-cyanoacrylate [a polymer of 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate (MECA)] and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) was developed and shown to permit intestinal targeting and sustained drug release. Aspirin [acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)] was selected as a model drug for atherosclerosis treatment. It was phys. dissolved in liquid MECA, and the ASA-MECA matrix was then polymerized into a solid drug-loading depot in an HPMCP shell. The delivery of the drug depot in the intestine was achieved with the HPMCP shell; then the polymerized MECA (polyMECA) provided sustained drug release. The polyMECA excipient was not absorbed by the intestine due to its high mol. weight; a fluorescein-labeled assay indicated that it was excreted completely in feces after drug release. The formulation, ASA-polyMECA-HPMCP, showed good intestinal targeting and sustained drug release in vitro and in vivo. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that this formulation improved the bioavailability of ASA relative to com. available controls. ASA-polyMECA-HPMCP showed desirable anti-atherosclerosis efficacy in a rabbit model, with significant enhancement of atheromatous lesion stability. Biosafety tests proved the low toxicity of ASA-polyMECA-HPMCP and the polyMECA matrix. We believe that this work has provided a practical and biocompatible system for sustained intestinal drug delivery that can be applied broadly with various drugs for specific therapeutic aims.6-Aminohexan-1-ol(cas: 4048-33-3HPLC of Formula: 4048-33-3) was used in this study.

6-Aminohexan-1-ol(cas: 4048-33-3) may be used along with glutaric acid to generate poly(ester amide)s with excellent film- and fiber forming properties. It can undergo cyclization over copper supported on γ-alumina and magnesia to form hexahydro-1H-azepine.HPLC of Formula: 4048-33-3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Product Details of 591-70-8On October 31, 1999 ,《Removal of pollutants from municipal wastewater by electron-beam treatment in an aerosol flow》 appeared in High Energy Chemistry (Translation of Khimiya Vysokikh Energii). The author of the article were Podzorova, E. A.; Pikaev, A. K.; Belyshev, V. A.; Lysenko, S. L.. The article conveys some information:

The removal of inorganic and organic pollutants from municipal wastewater by electron-beam treatment in an aerosol flow was examined The concentrations of pollutants (heavy metals, phosphates, sulfates, chlorides, carbonates, phenol, naphthalene, biphenyl, cholesterol, and their derivatives, alkylbenzenes, S-containing compounds, etc.) became lower than the maximum permissible values for service water as a result of this treatment (a dose of several KGrays). The majority of the above compounds was trapped by the precipitate formed upon irradiation In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Octadecan-9-ol(cas: 591-70-8Product Details of 591-70-8)

Octadecan-9-ol(cas: 591-70-8) belongs to hydroxy-containing compounds. Hydroxy-containing compounds engage in intermolecular hydrogen bonding increasing the electrostatic attraction between molecules and thus to higher boiling and melting points than found for compounds that lack this functional group.Product Details of 591-70-8 Organic compounds, which are often poorly soluble in water, become water-soluble when they contain two or more hydroxy groups, as illustrated by sugars and amino acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2019,Acta Crystallographica, Section E: Crystallographic Communications included an article by Uprety, Bhawna; Arderne, Charmaine. HPLC of Formula: 156-87-6. The article was titled 《The crystal structure of the zwitterionic co-crystal of 2,4-dichloro-6-{[(3-hydroxypropyl)azaniumyl]methyl}phenolate and 2,4-dichlorophenol》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The title compound, C10H13Cl2NO2.C6H4Cl2O, was formed from the incomplete Mannich condensation reaction of 3-aminopropan-1-ol, formaldehyde and 2,4-dichlorophenol in methanol. This resulted in the formation of a co-crystal of the zwitterionic Mannich base, 2,4-dichloro-6-{[(3-hydroxypropyl)azaniumyl]methyl}phenolate and the unreacted 2,4-dichlorophenol. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system (in space group Cc) and the asym. unit contains a mol. each of the 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,4-dichloro-6-{[(3-hydroxypropyl)azaniumyl]methyl}phenolate. Examination of the crystal structure shows that the two components are clearly linked together by hydrogen bonds. The packing patterns are most interesting along the b and the c axes, where the co-crystal in the unit cell packs in a manner that shows alternating aromatic dichlorophenol fragments and polar hydrogen-bonded channels. The 2,4-dichlorophenol rings stack on top of one another, and these are held together by π-π interactions. The crystal studied was refined as an inversion twin. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 3-Aminopropan-1-ol(cas: 156-87-6HPLC of Formula: 156-87-6)

3-Aminopropan-1-ol(cas: 156-87-6) belongs to anime. In organic chemistry, amines are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair. Amines are formally derivatives of ammonia (NH3), wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group (these may respectively be called alkylamines and arylamines; amines in which both types of substituent are attached to one nitrogen atom may be called alkylarylamines).HPLC of Formula: 156-87-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The author of 《Design and Synthesis of Galactose-Biotin Lipid Materials for Liposomes to Promote the Hepatoma Cell-Targeting Effect》 were Ding, Ruihua; Li, Zhenjie; Wang, Jianyi; Zhu, Xueyan; Zhao, Zhuang; Wang, Mian. And the article was published in Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Philadelphia, PA, United States) in 2019. SDS of cas: 534-03-2 The author mentioned the following in the article:

A series of novel low-toxic hepatoma cell-targeting lipid materials were designed and synthesized, in which monogalactose, digalactose, and galactose-biotin were used as targeting moieties and hydrophilic heads while stearate was used as hydrophobic tail (Mono-Gal-ST, Di-Gal-ST, and Gal-Biotin-ST). The corresponding galactose-biotin-modified liposomes (Mono-Gal-LPs, Di-Gal-LPs, and Gal-Biotin-LPs) and conventional liposomes (LPs) were prepared These galactose-biotin-modified liposomes can distinguish hepatoma cells from other tissue cells owing to the recognition of asialoglycoprotein receptor by galactose group. Moreover, the ability of liposomes to distinguish hepatoma cells from normal hepatocytes follows a trend of LPs < Mono-Gal-LPs < Di-Gal-LPs < Gal-Biotin-LPs, which is attributed to the cluster glycoside effect and the synergistic effect of galactose and biotin. In addition, the endocytosis of these galactose-biotin-modified liposomes were competitively inhibited by galactose, further confirming these liposomes entered hepatoma cells via asialoglycoprotein receptor-mediated pathway. In addition to this study using 2-Aminopropane-1,3-diol, there are many other studies that have used 2-Aminopropane-1,3-diol(cas: 534-03-2SDS of cas: 534-03-2) was used in this study.

2-Aminopropane-1,3-diol(cas: 534-03-2) belongs to anime. To avoid the problem of multiple alkylation, methods have been devised for “blocking” substitution so that only one alkyl group is introduced. The Gabriel synthesis is one such method; it utilizes phthalimide, C6H4(CO)2NH, whose one acidic hydrogen atom has been removed upon the addition of a base such as KOH to form a salt.SDS of cas: 534-03-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts