Month: October 2022

Melchiorre, Massimo; Amendola, Raffaele; Benessere, Vincenzo; Cucciolito, Maria E.; Ruffo, Francesco; Esposito, Roberto published the artcile< Solvent-free transesterification of methyl levulinate and esterification of levulinic acid catalyzed by a homogeneous iron(III) dimer complex>, HPLC of Formula: 104-76-7, the main research area is transesterification methyl levulinate esterification levulinic acid iron complex catalyst.

Levulinic acid esters MeC(O)CH2CH2CO2R (LAE) are emerging bio-based chems. used as solvents, additives and plasticizers. In this work a variety of levulinates (R= Bu, n-hexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, geranyl, 2-ethoxyethyl, benzyl, 2-octyl, cyclohexyl, menthyl) is obtained from the solvent-free transesterification of Me levulinate (ML) and esterification of levulinic acid (LA), catalyzed by a dimeric complex of iron(III). The results are competitive with the few related reports of literature mainly based on heterogeneous catalysis. This first systematic study based on a homogeneous catalytic system therefore represents a significant extension within the field of biomass valorization.

Molecular Catalysis published new progress about Alcohols Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 104-76-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, HPLC of Formula: 104-76-7.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Shan, Shan; Xiong, Yi; Guo, Jianguo; Liu, Mengyao; Gao, Xin; Fu, Xinjing; Zeng, Deyong; Song, Chen; Zhang, Yingchun; Cheng, Dayodu; Lu, Weihong published the artcile< Effect of an inulin-type fructan from Platycodon grandiflorum on the intestinal microbiota in rats exposed to PM2.5>, Name: (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetraol, the main research area is Platycodon fructan gastroprotectant polysaccharide intestinal microbiota PM25 exposure; Intestinal microbiota; Inulin-type fructan; PM2.5; Platycodon grandiflorum.

In this study, an inulin-type fructan (PGPI-1-a) was isolated from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum. PGPI-1-a was composed of (2 → 1)-linked β-D-fructofuranose (Fruf) and a terminal α-D-glucopyranose (Glcp) with a mol. weight of 12.1 kDa. PM2.5 exposure has brought a great threat to human health in recent years. Therefore, this study explored the effect of PGPI-1-a on the intestinal microbial community structure of rats exposed to PM2.5 using the animal model of PM2.5 inhalation exposure. The results showed that PGPI-1-a could regulate the intestinal microbiota by partly restoring the perturbed levels of Peptoniphilaceae_[G-2] and Lachnospiraceae_[G-2] caused by PM2.5 exposure. In addition, the relative abundance of Butyrivibrio, a butyric acid-producing genera, significantly increased after PGPI-1-a intervention. These results indicated that PGPI-1-a could improve the imbalance of intestinal microbiota due to PM2.5 exposure to a certain extent.

Carbohydrate Polymers published new progress about Actinobacteria. 492-62-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Name: (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetraol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ma, Haikuo; Chen, Qin; Zhu, Fang; Zheng, Jiyue; Li, Jiajun; Zhang, Hongjian; Chen, Shuaishuai; Xing, Haimei; Luo, Lusong; Zheng, Long Tai; He, Sudan; Zhang, Xiaohu published the artcile< Discovery and characterization of a potent Wnt and hedgehog signaling pathways dual inhibitor>, Reference of 660867-80-1, the main research area is Wnt hedgehog signaling inhibitor antitumor neoplasm pharmacokinetics; Antagonist; Cancer therapy; Hedgehog signaling pathway; Porcupine; Smoothened; Stem cell; Wnt signaling pathway.

Embryonic stem cell pathways such as hedgehog and Wnt pathways are central to the tumorigenic properties of cancer stem cells (CSC). Since CSCs are characterized by their ability to self-renew, form differentiated progeny, and develop resistance to anticancer therapies, targeting the Wnt and hedgehog signaling pathways has been an important strategy for cancer treatment. Although mols. targeting either Wnt or hedgehog are common, to the best of the knowledge, those targeting both pathways have not been documented. Here the authors report a small mol. (compound I) that inhibits both Wnt (IC50 = 0.5 nM) and hedgehog (IC50 = 71 nM) pathways based on reporter gene assays. The authors further identified that the mol. target of I for Wnt pathway inhibition was porcupine (a member of the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase family of proteins), a posttranslational modification node in Wnt signaling; while the target of I mitigating hedgehog pathway was Smoothened, a key G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) mediating hedgehog signal transduction. Preliminary anal. of structure-activity-relationship identified key functional elements for hedgehog/Wnt inhibition. In in vivo studies, compound I demonstrated good oral exposure and bioavailability while eliciting no overt toxicity in mice. An important consideration in cancer treatment is the potential therapeutic escape through compensatory activation of an interconnected pathway when only one signaling pathway is inhibited. Toward this end, compound I may not only lead to the development of new therapeutics for Wnt and hedgehog related cancers, but may also help to develop potential cancer treatment which needs to target Wnt and hedgehog signaling simultaneously.

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Antitumor agents. 660867-80-1 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C12H18BNO2, Reference of 660867-80-1.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Mingming; Tang, Shuangmei; Yang, Xiaoqi; Xie, Xinyu; Luo, Yang; He, Shaojuan; Li, Xuezhong; Feng, Xin published the artcile< Identification of key genes and pathways in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and asthma comorbidity using bioinformatics approaches>, Electric Literature of 1492-18-8, the main research area is gene expression nasal polyp bioinformatic chronic rhinosinusitis asthma comorbidity; asthma; bioinformatic; chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps; enrichment analysis; hub genes.

Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and asthma comorbidity (ACRSwNP) present severe symptoms and are more likely to relapse. However, the pathogenesis of ACRSwNP is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to explore the underlying pathogenesis of ACRSwNP using bioinformatics approaches. ACRSwNP-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by the anal. of the GSE23552 dataset. The clusterProfiler R package was used to carry out functional and pathway enrichment anal. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was built using the STRING database to explore key genes in the pathogenesis of ACRSwNP. The bioinformatics anal. results were verified through qRTPCR. The Connectivity Map (CMap) database was used to predict potential drugs for the treatment of ACRSwNP. A total of 36 DEGs were identified, which were mainly enriched in terms of regulation of immune response and detection sensory perception of taste. Thirteen hub genes including AZGP1, AQP9, GAPT, PIP, and PRR4 were identified as potential hub genes in ACRSwNP from the PPI network. Anal. of the GSE41861 dataset showed that upregulation of CST1 in nasal mucosa was associated with asthma. qRT-PCR detection confirmed the bioinformatics anal. results. Tacrolimus and spaglumic acid were identified as potential drugs for the treatment of ACRSwNP from the CMap database. The findings of this study provide insights into the pathogenesis of ACRSwNP and may provide a basis for the discovery of effective therapeutic modalities for ACRSwNP.

Frontiers in Immunology published new progress about Adaptive immunity. 1492-18-8 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C20H21CaN7O7, Electric Literature of 1492-18-8.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Singh, Akhand Pratap; Singh, Rachna; Verma, Sumit Singh; Rai, Vipin; Kaschula, Catherine H.; Maiti, Pralay; Gupta, Subash Chandra published the artcile< Health benefits of resveratrol: Evidence from clinical studies>, SDS of cas: 501-36-0 , the main research area is review resveratrol dietary supplement; chronic diseases; clinical trial; nutraceutical; pharmacokinetics; resveratrol.

A review. Resveratrol is a polyphenolic nutraceutical that exhibits pleiotropic activities in human subjects. The efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of resveratrol have been documented in over 244 clin. trials, with an addnl. 27 clin. trials currently ongoing. Resveretrol is reported to potentially improve the therapeutic outcome in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus, obesity, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, multiple myeloma, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, cardiovascular diseases, kidney diseases, inflammatory diseases, and rhinopharyngitis. The polyphenol is reported to be safe at doses up to 5 g/d, when used either alone or as a combination therapy. The mol. basis for the pleiotropic activities of resveratrol are based on its ability to modulate multiple cell signaling mols. such as cytokines, caspases, matrix metalloproteinases, Wnt, nuclear factor-κB, Notch, 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase, intercellular adhesion mol., vascular cell adhesion mol., sirtuin type 1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α, insulin-like growth factor 1, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3, Ras association domain family 1α, pAkt, vascular endothelial growth factor, cyclooxygenase 2, nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2, and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1. Although the clin. utility of resveratrol is well documented, the rapid metabolism and poor bioavailability have limited its therapeutic use. In this regard, the recently produced micronized resveratrol formulation called SRT501, shows promise. This review discusses the currently available clin. data on resveratrol in the prevention, management, and treatment of various diseases and disorders. Based on the current evidence, the potential utility of this mol. in the clinic is discussed.

Medicinal Research Reviews published new progress about Alzheimer disease. 501-36-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H12O3, SDS of cas: 501-36-0 .

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kesinger, Evan; Liu, Jianing; Jensen, Aaron; Chia, Catherine P.; Demers, Andrew; Moriyama, Hideaki published the artcile< Influenza D virus M2 protein exhibits ion channel activity in Xenopus laevis oocytes>, Recommanded Product: N-Methyl-D-glucamine Hydrochloride, the main research area is Xenopus oocyte influenza D virus M2 protein ion channel.

A new type of influenza virus, known as type D, has recently been identified in cattle and pigs. Influenza D virus infection in cattle is typically asymptomatic; however, its infection in swine can result in clin. disease. Swine can also be infected with all other types of influenza viruses, namely A, B, and C. Consequently, swine can serve as a “”mixing vessel”” for highly pathogenic influenza viruses, including those with zoonotic potential. Currently, the only antiviral drug available targets influenza M2 protein ion channel is not completely effective. Thus, it is necessary to develop an M2 ion channel blocker capable of suppressing the induction of resistance to the genetic shift. To provide a basis for developing novel ion channel-blocking compounds, we investigated the properties of influenza D virus M2 protein (DM2) as a drug target. To test the ion channel activity of DM2, the DNA corresponding to DM2 with cMyc-tag conjugated to its carboxyl end was cloned into the shuttle vector pNCB1. The mRNA of the DM2-cMyc gene was synthesized and injected into Xenopus oocytes. The translation products of DM2-cMyc mRNA were confirmed by immunofluorescence and mass spectrometry analyses. The DM2-cMyc mRNA-injected oocytes were subjected to the two-electrode voltage-clamp (TEVC) method, and the induced inward current was observed The midpoint (Vmid) values in Boltzmann modeling for oocytes injected with DM2-cMyc RNA or a buffer were -152 and -200 mV, resp. Assuming the same expression level in the Xenopus oocytes, DM2 without tag and influenza C virus M2 protein (CM2) were subjected to the TEVC method. DM2 exhibited ion channel activity under the condition that CM2 ion channel activity was reproduced. The gating voltages represented by Vmid for CM2 and DM2 were -141 and -146 mV, resp. The reversal potentials observed in ND96 for CM2 and DM2 were -21 and -22 mV, resp. Compared with intact DM2, DM2 variants with mutation in the YxxxK motif, namely Y72A and K76A DM2, showed lower Vmid values while showing no change in reversal potential. The M2 protein from newly isolated influenza D virus showed ion channel activity similar to that of CM2. The gating voltage was shown to be affected by the YxxxK motif and by the hydrophobicity and bulkiness of the carboxyl end of the mol.

PLoS One published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 35564-86-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C7H18ClNO5, Recommanded Product: N-Methyl-D-glucamine Hydrochloride.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dyck, Garrison J. B.; Raj, Pema; Zieroth, Shelley; Dyck, Jason R. B.; Ezekowitz, Justin A. published the artcile< The effects of resveratrol in patients with cardiovascular disease and heart failure: a narrative review>, Reference of 501-36-0, the main research area is review resveratrol cardioprotectant cardiovascular disease heart failure; CVD; heart failure; resveratrol.

A review. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death globally and responsible for the second highest number of deaths in Canada. Medical advancements in the treatment of CVD have led to patients living longer with CVD but often progressing to another condition called heart failure (HF). As a result, HF has emerged in the last decade as a major medical concern. Fortunately, various “”traditional”” pharmacotherapies for HF exist and have shown success in reducing HF-associated mortality. However, to augment the treatment of patients with CVD and/or HF, alternative pharmacotherapies using nutraceuticals have also shown promise in the prevention and treatment of these two conditions. One of these natural compounds considered to potentially help treat HF and CVD and prevent their development is resveratrol. Herein, we review the clin. findings of resveratrol’s ability to be used as an effective treatment to potentially help treat HF and CVD. This will allow us to gain a more fulsome appreciation for the effects of resveratrol in the health outcomes of specific patient populations who have various disorders that constitute CVD.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Cardioprotective agents. 501-36-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C14H12O3, Reference of 501-36-0.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wei, Wei; Zhang, Yu-Ting; Wang, Chen; Guo, Wenshan; Ngo, Huu Hao; Chen, Xueming; Ni, Bing-Jie published the artcile< Responses of anaerobic hydrogen-producing granules to acute microplastics exposure during biological hydrogen production from wastewater>, Safety of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetraol, the main research area is AHPG microplastics wastewater biol hydrogen production; Anaerobic hydrogen-producing granule; Extracellular polymeric substance; Microplastics; Toxicity; Wastewater.

Anaerobic hydrogen-producing granule (AHPG) has been successfully applied in hydrogen production from wastewater. While various types of microplastics in large amounts are readily detected in both municipal and industrial wastewaters, however, to date the response of AHPG to multiple coexisting microplastics in wastewater is unknown yet. Herein, this study provided a first insight into the acute exposure-response relationship between multiple coexisting microplastics and the AHPG during biol. hydrogen production from wastewater. Fluorescence tagging found that many microplastics accumulated and covered on the surface of the whole granule. Morphol. and particle size of microplastics-bearing AHPG were characterized by microscopic observation, showing that the shock load of microplastics in the wastewater at the studied concentrations (40 and 80 mg/L) made the granule loose and even break down with the decreased particle size. The visualization of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) structure revealed that microplastics decreased EPS production by 8.8-16.7%. Microbial community anal. demonstrated that the acute exposure of microplastics did not drive the change in the microbial community diversity and composition However, toxic leachates and upgraded oxidative stress induced by microplastics increased cell death up to 14.7% and decreased hydrogen production by 18.7%, when the AHPG exposed to 80 mg/L of microplastics. This work gained a new insight into the response of anaerobic microorganisms to coexisting microplastics in the real environment.

Water Research published new progress about Acidobacteria. 492-62-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Safety of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetraol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Yue, Le; Feng, Yan; Ma, Chuanxin; Wang, Chuanxi; Chen, Feiran; Cao, Xuesong; Wang, Jing; White, Jason C.; Wang, Zhenyu; Xing, Baoshan published the artcile< Molecular Mechanisms of Early Flowering in Tomatoes Induced by Manganese Ferrite (MnFe2O4) Nanomaterials>, Electric Literature of 87-73-0, the main research area is Solanum manganese ferrite amendment nanomaterial photosynthesis photosynthate flowering meristem; MnFe2O4 nanomaterials; early flowering; enhanced quality; increased yield; molecular mechanism; tomato.

Nanomaterials (NMs) have demonstrated enormous potential to improve agricultural production Ten mg L-1 of customized manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) NMs was selected as the optimal dose based on its outstanding effects on promoting tomato flowering and production After the foliar application before flowering, MnFe2O4 NMs increased the leaf chlorophyll content by 20 percent, and significantly upregulated the expressions of ferredoxin, PsaA, and PsbA in leaves, likely by serving as an electron donor, leading to a significant increase in photosynthesis efficiency by 13.3%. Long distance transport of sucrose was then confirmed by the upregulation of sucrose transporter SUT1 and SUT2 in NM-treated leaves and meristems. The genes associated with gibberellin biosynthesis, including GA20ox2, GA20ox3, and SIGAST, and a flowering induction gene SFT, were also significantly upregulated. Importantly, the flowering time was 13 days earlier by MnFe2O4 NMs over the control. At the reproductive stage, MnFe2O4 NMs increased pollen activity and ovule size, leading to the significant increase in fruit number per plant, single fruit weight, and fruit weight per plant by 50%, 30%, and 75%, resp. Metabolically, a significant increase of glucose-6-phosphate, phenylalanine, rutin, and ascorbic acid (vitamin C), as well as a significant decrease of tomatine and methionine, demonstrates an increased nutritional value of the tomato fruits. A verified companion field experiment showed an increase of 84.1% in total tomato production with the MnFe2O4 NM amendment. These findings provide support for the early flowering and yield improvement in nano-enabled agricultural systems.

ACS Nano published new progress about Absorption. 87-73-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C6H10O8, Electric Literature of 87-73-0.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sankar, Velayudham; Kathiresan, Murugavel; Sivakumar, Bitragunta; Mannathan, Subramaniyan published the artcile< Zinc-Catalyzed N-Alkylation of Aromatic Amines with Alcohols: A Ligand-Free Approach>, Product Details of C7H9NO, the main research area is alkyl amine preparation; amine alc alkylation zinc catalyst.

An efficient zinc-catalyzed N-alkylation reaction of aromatic amines was achieved using aliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic alcs. as the alkylating reagent. A variety of aniline derivatives, including heteroaromatic amines, underwent the N-alkylation reaction and furnished N-alkyl amines in good to excellent yields. The application of reaction was also further demonstrated by the synthesis of 2-phenylquinoline from acetophenone and 2-aminobenzyl alc. Deuterium labeling experiments showed that the reaction proceeded via a borrowing hydrogen process.

Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis published new progress about Alcohols Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 5344-90-1 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C7H9NO, Product Details of C7H9NO.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts