Tag: M.W=150-200

Yang, Yanmin published the artcileStructural characterization and antioxidant activities of one neutral polysaccharide and three acid polysaccharides from Ziziphus jujuba cv. Hamidazao: A comparison, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Ziziphus Hamidazao neutral acid polysaccharide antioxidant anticancer agent; liver cancer; Antioxidant; Comparison; Polysaccharide; Structural characterization; Ziziphus jujuba cv. Hamidazao.

A neutral polysaccharide (HJP-1a) and three acid polysaccharides (HJP-2, HJP-3 and HJP-4) were obtained from Z. jujuba cv. Hamidazao. HJP-1a was mainly composed of arabinose and galactose in a ratio of 56.9:20.0, with an average mol. weight of 3.115 x 104 g/mol. HJP-2, HJP-3 and HJP-4 were homogeneous heteropolysaccharides mainly containing galacturonic acid, arabinose and galactose, with average mol. weights of 4.590 x 104, 6.986 x 104 and 1.951 x 105 g/mol, resp. Structural characterization indicated that the backbone of HJP-3 appeared to be mainly composed of →4-alpha-D-GalpA (1→ and →2,4)-alpha-L-Rhap (1→ residues with some branches consisting of →5)-alha-L-Araf 1→ residues and terminals of T-alpha-L-Araf 1→ and T-beta-D-Galp residues. The four purified fractions displayed dose-dependent radical scavenging activity on ABTS+ radicals and reducing capacity, as well as excellent protective effect on H2O2-induced HepG2 cells and metronidazole-damaged zebrafish embryos, especially HJP-2 in vitro and HJP-1a in vivo. Therefore, the polysaccharides from Z. jujuba cv. Hamidazao could be used as a potential antioxidant in functional foods.

Carbohydrate Polymers published new progress about Absorption. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gu, ShuangShuang published the artcileStructural characterization and inhibitions on α-glucosidase and α-amylase of alkali-extracted water-soluble polysaccharide from Annona squamosa residue, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Annona squamosa alpha glucosidase amylase polysaccharide structural characterization; Alkaline-extraction polysaccharide; Inhibitory on α-glucosidase and α-amylase; Structure analysis.

A novel acidic polysaccharide, named as AWPA, was extracted form Annona squamosa residue by 0.1 M NaOH alk. solution and purified by DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-150. HPLC anal. indicated that AWPA was a homogeneous polysaccharide with mol. weight of 3.08 x 103 kDa. The monosaccharide composition of AWPA, determined by ion chromatog., was consisted of L-arabinose, D-galactose, D-glucose, D-mannose, D-galacturonic acid in a percentage of 15.58:13.48:60.14:9.02:1.78, resp. The results of FT-IR, methylation and NMR showed that the sugar residue of AWPA were mainly composed ofα-L-Araf-(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, →4,6)-β-D-Galp(1→,→3,6)-α-D-Manp-(1→, resp). The Congo red experiment on AWPA showed that there was helix conformation. The microstructure of AWPA was detected by SEM, showing that the shape of AWPA was reticular and its structure was irregular. AWPA had effectively α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and α-amylase inhibitory activity with IC50 of 0.667 mg/mL and 1.360 mg/mL, resp. The inhibitory effects of AWPA on α-glucosidase and α-amylase were both reversible with mixed type and competitive type competition, resp. The significance of manuscript was not only to avoid the waste of Annona squamosa residue, but provided alternative in the developments of inhibitors of α-glucosidase and α-amylase.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Absorption. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Rozi, Parhat published the artcileIsolationscharacterizations and bioactivities of polysaccharides from the seeds of three species Glycyrrhiza, Product Details of C6H12O6, the main research area is Glycyrrhiza seed polysaccharide bioactivity; Antioxidant activity; Characterization; Glycyrrhiza; Polysaccharide.

In this paper, polysaccharides from the seeds of three species of genus Glycyrrhiza were extracted to investigate the physicochem. properties, structural characteristics and antioxidant activities. The polysaccharides were composed of xylose, mannose, galactose, and glucose with different molar ratio. Fourier transform IR spectroscopy showed the presence of key functional groups of polysaccharides whereas SEM anal. revealed the characteristic morphol. of different polysaccharides, and thermogravimetric anal. exhibited good thermal stability of all samples. The antioxidant activities of polysaccharides were evaluated in vitro. All the three polysaccharides demonstrated strong reducing power, as well as scavenging activity against DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl free radicals. Antioxidant assays indicated that all the polysaccharides have obvious antioxidant activities and possess a potential development and application value in food, cosmetics as well as pharmaceutical industries.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Absorption. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Product Details of C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Yun published the artcileGinger polysaccharides induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is hepatocellular carcinoma cell cycle arrest apoptosis polysaccharide; Apoptosis; Cell cycle arrest; Ginger polysaccharide.

In this study, ginger polysaccharide (GP) was obtained from ginger by enzymic method, its chem. properties and antitumor activity were investigated. The results indicated that the composition and proportion of GP were L-rhamnose, D-arabinose, D-mannose, D-glucose and D-galactose in a molar ratio of 3.64:5.37:3.04:61.03:26.91, GP had the characteristic absorption peak of polysaccharide. Congo red experiment showed that GP had a triple helix structure, which could have anti-tumor effect. Furthermore, MTT assay, cell morphol. observation, nuclear morphol. observation and reactive oxygen species observation demonstrated that GP had significant antitumor effect. Flow cytometry suggested that GP could promote apoptosis and arrest cells in G0-G1 phase. Real-time fluorescence quantification and Western blot revealed that GP could up-regulate the expression of Bax, Fas, FasL, caspase-3, p21 and p53, and down-regulate the expression of Bcl-2. These studies suggested that GP would be used as an antitumor drug in foods to promote the development of functional foods.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Absorption. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Cheng, Haiyang published the artcileCyclization of citronellal to p-menthane-3,8-diols in water and carbon dioxide, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is citronellal cyclization menthanediol green chem.

A clean process has been developed for the synthesis of p-menthane-3,8-diols from cyclization of citronellal in CO2-H2O medium without any additives. With the addition of CO2, the reaction rate could be enhanced about 6 times for the cyclization of citronellal in H2O, because CO2 dissolved into water and formed carbonic acid inducing an increase of the acidity. Although, the reaction conversion in CO2-H2O is slightly lower compared to that obtained with sulfuric acid as catalyst, CO2-H2O could replace the sulfuric acid at a relative higher reaction temperature The reaction kinetics studies showed that the hydration of isopulegol to p-menthane-3,8-diols is a reversible reaction. The equilibrium constant and the maximum equilibrium yield obtained in CO2-H2O at a range of CO2 pressures are similar to that with sulfuric acid catalyst.

Green Chemistry published new progress about Cyclization. 42822-86-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Balakrishnan, Bijina published the artcileNovel mRNA-Based Therapy Reduces Toxic Galactose Metabolites and Overcomes Galactose Sensitivity in a Mouse Model of Classic Galactosemia, Product Details of C6H12O6, the main research area is galactose GALT mutation fibroblast galactosemia; GALT; IEM; POI; ataxia; classic galactosemia; galactose toxicity; galactose-1 phosphate; galactose-1 phosphate uridylyltransferase; inborn errors of metabolism; mRNA therapy; primary ovarian insufficiency; speech dyspraxia.

Classic galactosemia (CG) is a potentially lethal inborn error of galactose metabolism that results from deleterious mutations in the human galactose-1 phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT) gene. Previously, we constructed a GalT-/- (GalT-deficient) mouse model that exhibits galactose sensitivity in the newborn mutant pups, reduced fertility in adult females, impaired motor functions, and growth restriction in both sexes. In this study, we tested whether restoration of hepatic GALT activity alone could decrease galactose-1 phosphate (gal-1P) and plasma galactose in the mouse model. The administration of different doses of mouse GalT (mGalT) mRNA resulted in a dose-dependent increase in mGalT protein expression and enzyme activity in the liver of GalT-deficient mice. Single i.v. (i.v.) dose of human GALT (hGALT) mRNA decreased gal-1P in mutant mouse liver and red blood cells (RBCs) within 24 h with low levels maintained for over a week. Repeated i.v. injections increased hepatic GalT expression, nearly normalized gal-1P levels in liver, and decreased gal-1P levels in RBCs and peripheral tissues throughout all doses. Moreover, repeated dosing reduced plasma galactose by 60% or more throughout all four doses. Addnl., a single i.p. dose of hGALT mRNA overcame the galactose sensitivity and promoted the growth in a GalT-/- newborn pup.

Molecular Therapy published new progress about Erythrocyte. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Product Details of C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sun, Tingting published the artcilePhysicochemical properties and immunological activities of polysaccharides from both crude and wine-processed Polygonatum sibiricum, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Polygonatum polysaccharide wine processing immunol activity physicochem property; Immunological activity; Polygonatum sibiricum; Polysaccharide; Spleen deficiency; Wine-processing.

Polygonatum sibiricum (PS) is a traditional Chinese herb used in both food and medicine with great bioactivity. The wine-processed pieces of PS are the main form for clin. application, while research has focused on the polysaccharides of their crude form. This study evaluated the physicochem. properties and immunol. activities of water-soluble polysaccharides from both crude (PSPC) and wine-processed PS (PSPW). PSPC and PSPW had significant differences in their physicochem. properties. PSPC was mainly composed of galactose, mannose, glucose, and galacturonic acid, in molar ratios of 29.63:36.10:15.09:10.20, while PSPW was mainly composed of galactose, mannose, and galacturonic acid, in molar ratios of 78.77:5.50:13.84. Both kinds of polysaccharides can enhance the cells viability, phagocytic capacity, acid phosphatase activity, and NO production of RAW264.7 cells. We found that PSPC and PSPW enhanced the immune functions of the immunosuppressive model for spleen deficient mice and reversed the decline of the secretions of IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ to a normal range. The PSPW showed more potent immunol. activities than PSPC. The results of the study identify the importance of wine-processing for PS and provide application foundations for the further development of PSPW as a functional food.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Erythrocyte. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Application of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Limpanuparb, Taweetham published the artcileAn in silico investigation of menthol metabolism, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is menthol metabolism signaling glucuronic acid.

Prevalence of mentholated products for consumption has brought great importance to studies on menthol’s metabolic pathways to ensure safety, design more potent derivatives, and identify therapeutic benefits. Proposed pathways of (-)-menthol metabolism based on metabolites found exptl. in previous works by Yamaguchi, Caldwell & Farmer, Madyastha & Srivatsan and Hiki et al. were not in agreement. This in silico approach is based on the three in vivo studies and aims to resolve the discrepancies. Reactions in the pathways are conjugation with glucuronic acid/sulfate, oxidation to alc., aldehyde & carboxylic acid, and formation of a four-membered/five-membered ring. Gas-phase structures, standard Gibbs energies and SMD solvation energies at B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level were obtained for 102 compounds in the pathways. This study provides a more complete picture of menthol metabolism by combining information from three exptl. studies and filling missing links in previously published pathways.

PLoS One published new progress about Free energy. 42822-86-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tapki, Ibrahim published the artcileEffects of oregano essential oil on reduction of weaning age and increasing economic efficiency in Holstein Friesian calves, Recommanded Product: rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, the main research area is oregano essential oil fed milk diarrhea growth weaning.

This study examined the potential use of oregano essentail oil as a milk additive for purposes of reducing weaning age; increasing economic efficiency; promoting calf growth as well as for improving blood parameters and general health status of Holstein Friesian calves. Twenty-eight Holstein Friesian calves were allocated into three groups: (a) Control calves were fed with whole milk (n=10), (b) OreganoLow (n=9), and (c) OreganoHigh (n=9) calves were fed with whole milk, plus 100 and 150 mg/l oregano essential oil per kg milk resp. The amount of the milk offered on daily basis was calculated as 10% of each calf live weight and was given in two meal times. All calves were kept in individual pens during exptl. period. Calves got weaned following the consumption of daily 900 g of concentrate feed over three consecutive days. Results demonstrated that OreganoLow calves marked improved growth performance, earlier weaning age and lower farm costs (P < 0.05) compared to Control and OreganoHigh calves. To conclude, dietary oregano essential oil seems to be a potential liquid feed additive that improves feed efficiency, health status, growth performance, and that reduces diarrhea incidents, hastens weaning age and minimizes dairy farm costs when used at the level of 100 mg/l. Pakistan Journal of Zoology published new progress about Body weight. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Recommanded Product: rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Shengnan published the artcileStructural characterization of a novel polysaccharide from Panax notoginseng residue and its immunomodulatory activity on bone marrow dendritic cells, Quality Control of 59-23-4, the main research area is Panax polysaccharide bone marrow dendritic cell immunomodulation; Bone marrow dendritic cells; Immunomodulatory adjuvant; Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen; Polysaccharide; Structural characterization.

This study isolated and characterized a novel polysaccharide (PNPS-0.3) from the residue of Panax notoginseng by gradient elution. PNPS-0.3 mainly consisted of a backbone of →4)- α-D-GalAp-(1 → 4-β-L-Rhap-1 → 4)-β-D-Galp-(1 → residues, with an α-L-Araf-1 → 5)-α-L-Araf-(1 → branch connecting to the backbone at O-3 of →4-β-L-Rhap-1 → and a mol. weight of 76,655 Da. Furthermore, the adjuvant potential of PNPS-0.3 with bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs) was investigated. The results suggested that PNPS-0.3 could induce maturation of BMDCs by reshaping the morphol., upregulating the CD40, CD80, CD86 and MHC II membrane phenotypic markers, and by promoting the secretion of TNF-α and IL-12 proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, PNPS-0.3 can trigger the DC-induced T-cell immune response, as indicated by the higher expressions of CD4, CD8, CD69, and MHC II in T cells with increased secretion of INF-β. PNPS-0.3 also upregulated the expressions of Myd88, IKKβ, P-P65, T-P65, and NF-κB, suggesting that the TLR4/TLR2-NF-κB signaling pathway was involved in the immunomodulatory mechanism. In conclusion, the immunoadjuvant potential of novel PNPS-0.3 was characterized, which is beneficial for the future utilization and development of P. notoginseng.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Bone marrow. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Quality Control of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts