Tag: M.W=150-200

Zhang, Mengjie published the artcileCharacterization and functional analysis of a novel mannose-binding lectin from the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus, Product Details of C6H12O6, the main research area is mannose binding lectin antimicrobial activity phylogenetic analysis Portunus review; Antimicrobial activities; Mannose-binding lectin; Pattern recognition receptor; Portunus trituberculatus.

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) that plays an important role in the innate immune response. In this study, a novel mannose-binding lectin was cloned from the swimmimg crab Portunus trituberculatus (designated as PtMBL). The complete cDNA of PtMBL gene was 1208 bp in length with an open reading frame (ORF) of 732 bp that encoded 244 amino acid proteins. PtMBL shared lower amino acid similarity with other MBLs, yet it contained the conserved carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) with QPD motif and was clearly member of the collectin family. PtMBL transcripts were mainly detected in eyestalk and gill with sexually dimorphic expression. The temporal expression of PtMBL in hemocytes showed different activation times after challenged with Vibrio alginolyticus, Micrococcus luteus and Pichia pastoris. The recombinant PtMBL protein revealed antimicrobial activity against the tested Gram-neg. and Gram-pos. bacteria. It could also bind and agglutinate (Ca2+-dependent) both bacteria and yeast. Furthermore, the agglutinating activity could be inhibited by both D-galactose and D-mannose, suggesting the broader pathogen-associated mol. patterns (PAMPs) recognition spectrum of PtMBL. These results together indicate that PtMBL could serve as not only a PRR in immune recognition but also a potential antibacterial protein in the innate immune response of crab.

Fish & Shellfish Immunology published new progress about Cell activation. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Product Details of C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Yan, Jingmin published the artcileA 3-O-methylated heterogalactan from Pleurotus eryngii activates macrophages, Product Details of C6H12O6, the main research area is Pleurotus heterogalactan macrophage MAPK NFkappaB TLR2 signaling; Heterogalactan; MAPKs; Macrophage; NF-κB; Pleurotus eryngii; TLR2.

Mushroom-derived polysaccharides exhibit various biol. activities owing to their diverse structural features. Here, we purified a 3-O-methylated heterogalactan (WPEP-N-b, Mw 21.4 kDa) from the fruiting bodies of Pleurotus eryngii. WPEP-N-b is composed primarily of galactose (43.8%), mannose (39.3%), methyl-galactose (11.7%) and glucose (9.2%) residues, with the main chain being composed of α-1,6-linked D-Galp and 3-O-Me-D-Galp, branched at O-2 with single t-β-D-Manp as major the side chain. β-1,6-D-Glcp residues are present as minor components either in side-chains or backbone. WPEP-N-b increases macrophage phagocytosis and secretion of NO, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that WPEP-N-b promotes the degradation of IκB-α, and enhances phosphorylation of MAPKs and the NF-κB p65 subunit. Our results also indicate that this polysaccharide activates RAW264.7 cells via MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways and the Toll-like receptor 2(TLR2). These results increase our understanding as to how mushroom-derived polysaccharides modulate the immunol. process.

Carbohydrate Polymers published new progress about Cell activation. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Product Details of C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Xie, Fan published the artcileStructural characteristics of tamarind seed polysaccharides treated by high-pressure homogenization and their effects on physicochemical properties of corn starch, Formula: C6H12O6, the main research area is tamarind seed corn starch polysaccharide physicochem property; Freeze-thaw stability; Pasting properties; Structural characteristics; Tamarind seed polysaccharides modification.

In this work, structural characteristics of TSPs treated by high-pressure homogenization (HPH) and their effects on physicochem. properties of corn starch were analyzed. HPH induced monosaccharides change, Gal/Glc ratio decrease from 0.32 to 0.25, and mol. weight (Mw) decrease from 10.55 to 4.47 x 105 Da through damaging glycosidic linkages in the backbone and side-chain of TSPs. Furthermore, 90 MPa homogenized TSP (higher Gal removal) showed inhibitory effects on starch paste retrogradation, and TSPs with a lower Mw (homogenized at 60 and 90 MPa) could limit water precipitation during the long-term storage. Moreover, Mw and Gal/Glc ratio were the major factors for the determined effects of TSPs on physicochem. properties of corn starch. The results could provide new insights into the relationship between TSP structure and their effects on the physicochem. properties of starch.

Carbohydrate Polymers published new progress about Cell morphology. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Formula: C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Api, A. M. published the artcileResearch Institute for Fragrance Materials fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 2-Hydroxy-α,α,4-trimethylcyclohexanemethanol, CAS Registry Number 42822-86-6, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is RIFM fragrance ingredient safety hydroxytrimethylcyclohexanemethanol.

Research Institute for Fragrance Materials (RIFM)’s Expert Panel concludes that this material is safe under the limits described in this safety assessment. This material was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity, skin sensitization, as well as environmental safety.

Food and Chemical Toxicology published new progress about Chemical safety. 42822-86-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Reifenrath, William G. published the artcilePercutaneous Absorption of an Insect Repellent p-Menthane-3,8-DIOL: A Model for Human Dermal Absorption, Recommanded Product: 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol, the main research area is menthanediol insect repellent skin absorption swine model solvent.

P-Menthane-3,8-diol(38DIOL) was recently introduced as a natural topical insect repellent in the com. product “”OFF! Botanicals”” lotion. The objective of this study was to provide an estimate of the potential for 38DIOL systemic absorption in humans. 14C 38DIOL formulated in the lotion and in an EtOH solution was applied to excised swine skin in an in vitro flow-through test system predictive of skin absorption in humans. Twenty-four hours after application, radiolabel recovered from the dermis and receptor fluid was summed to determine % absorption. At a dose of approx. 80 μg/cm2 of 38DIOL in the lotion, a value of 3.5 ± 0.8% of applied dose was obtained with swine skin. The corresponding value for 38DIOL in EtOH (90 μg/cm2) was not significantly different (3.0 ± 1.2%). Most of the applied dose of 38DIOL was found to evaporate from swine skin (77 ± 8% for the lotion and 87 ± 1% for EtOH solution), thus limiting percutaneous absorption values. For reference purposes, the swine skin absorptions of piperonyl butoxide (PBO) at 100 μg/cm2 in isopropanol, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) at 500 μg/cm2 in EtOH, and neat isododecane at 650 μg/cm2 (in order of increasing volatility) were 15 ± 6%, 23 ± 3%, and 0.09 ± 0.05% of applied dose resp. Isododecane was lost almost exclusively from the skin surface by evaporation For addnl. reference, absorptions of PBO, DEET, and 38DIOL were found to be higher with excised rat skin.

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues published new progress about Bioaccumulation. 42822-86-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Recommanded Product: 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Almadiy, Abdulrhman A. published the artcileBioactivity of Deverra tortuosa essential oil, its nanoemulsion, and phenylpropanoids against the cowpea weevil, a stored grain pest with eco-toxicological evaluations, HPLC of Formula: 124-76-5, the main research area is Callosobruchus maculatus Deverra tortuosa essential oil nanoemulsion phenylpropanoid ecotoxicol; Biosafety; Deverra tortuosa; Ecofriendly pesticides; Essential oil; Nanoemulsion; Phenylpropanoids.

The essential oil (EO) was hydrodistd. from of Deverra tortuosa aerial parts. Fifty-six components amounting 99.3% were identified in EO through using gas chromatog.-fame ionization detection (GC-FID) and (GC-MS). Phenylpropanoids, dillapiole (41.6%), elemicin (7.3%) and myristicin (5.1%), and the monoterpene, sabinene (4.2%) were identified as the major terpenes. An oil-in-water nanoemulsion (particle size 70.3 nm) was developed from EO adopting a low-energy method. The EO products showed insecticidal and biochem. effects against the cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus. Based on a 48-h exposure period, the oil nanoemulsion exhibited a superior contact bioactivity (LC50=10.3μg/cm2), followed by EO (LC50=23.1μg/cm2), dillapiole (LC50=27.8μg/cm2), and myristicin (LC50=37.1μg/cm2). Upon fumigation, nanoemulsion and EO were superior as fumigants (LC50 after 48 h were 6.9 and 14.3μl/l, resp.). Test materials showed a residual bioactivity against C. maculatus, where EO, dillapiole, and myristicin showed the strongest grain protecting activity. EO products significantly inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity of C. maculatus adults. Test products were safe toward the non-target earthworms and did not alter the viability of cowpea seeds. There are evidences for the potential of using EO of D. tortuosa and its nanoemulsion and phenylpropanoids as natural grain protectants against C. maculatus.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research published new progress about Bioavailability. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, HPLC of Formula: 124-76-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Shao, Liangyu published the artcileEffects of Borneol on the Release of Compound Danshen Colon-Specific Osmotic Pump Capsule In Vitro and Pharmacokinetics Study in Beagle Dogs, Synthetic Route of 124-76-5, the main research area is borneol compound danshen colon osmotic pump capsule pharmacokinetics dog; borneol; colon-specific osmotic pump capsule; compound Danshen; in vitro release; in vivo pharmacokinetics.

Borneol can enhance the bioavailability of several other drugs by opening the blood-brain barrier and inhibiting P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux. However, whether borneol will impact the bioavailability and the mechanism of compound Danshen colon-specific osmotic pump capsule (CDCOPC) remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the effects of borneol on the in vitro release and in vivo pharmacokinetic characteristics of CDCOPC. Besides, the in vitro release behavior of CDCOPC was further assessed by chromatog. fingerprints. The in vitro release studies showed that borneol followed the zero-order release and hardly impacted the in vitro release of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Panax notoginseng in CDCOPC. Moreover, as revealed from the similarity results of fingerprints, the in vitro release of different components of CDCOPC was almost simultaneous. Compared with the com. available tablets, the pharmacokinetics studies suggested that both CDCOPCs containing and lacking borneol could significantly prolong the retention time of these effective components; their average relative bioavailability values increased to 448.70% and 350.97%, resp. Notably, borneol significantly improved the relative bioavailability of some components of CDCOPC, such as salvianolic acid B (SAB), tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), notoginsenoside R1 (R1), ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), and ginsenoside Re (Re) from CDCOPC, while it slightly impacted ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) and ginsenoside Rd (Rd). Summarily, borneol is capable of improving the bioavailability of some effective components in CDCOPC, which is critical to design with CDCOPC for enhanced bioavailability. This study could also help reveal the composition principle of the compound Danshen formula (CDF).

AAPS PharmSciTech published new progress about Bioavailability. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Synthetic Route of 124-76-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Loh, Fan Siew published the artcileInsecticidal properties of Citrus hystrix DC leaves essential oil against Spodoptera litura fabricius, Application of 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol, the main research area is Citrus essential oil insecticide Spodoptera.

Chem. anal. by gas chromatog. (GC) and gas chromatog.-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) revealed presence of 29 compounds in the essential oil fraction of kaffir lime, Citrus hystrix fresh leaves. Beta-citronellal was the major compound present with 66.85% of total oil followed by beta-citronellol (6.59%), linalool (3.90%) and citronellol (1.76%). Insecticidal properties of C. hystrix leaves essential oil was investigated against tobacco army worm, Spodoptera litura using topical application bioassay on uniform weighted second instar larvae in the laboratory Essential oil was effective in killing the larvae and showed that the LD50 is 26.748 μL/g. Insect development and growth index observations showed that the essential oil had antifeedant properties resulting in severe growth inhibition of S. litura.

Journal of Medicinal Plants Research published new progress about Bioinsecticides. 42822-86-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Application of 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Huang, Yaling published the artcileVariation of Volatile Compounds and Corresponding Aroma Profiles in Chinese Steamed Bread by Various Yeast Species Fermented at Different Times, HPLC of Formula: 124-76-5, the main research area is volatile aroma Chinese steamed bread yeast; Chinese steamed bread; GC−MS; GC−O; aroma-active compounds; sensory evaluation.

To control the fermentation process of yeast-Chinese steamed bread (CSB), the volatile compounds and odor profiles of yeast-CSBs during fermentation were comprehensively investigated by sensory evaluation, gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry, gas chromatog.-olfactometry (GC-O), and odor activity value (OAV). Eight sensory attributes were established, and quant. descriptive anal. results showed that CF1303-CSB had intense sweet and sweet aftertaste attributes, CF1318-CSB was characterized by milky, wheaty, and yeasty attributes, while CL10138-CSB presented distinct sour, winy, and floury attributes. A total of 41 key aroma-active compounds were detected, and phenylethyl alc. was the most potent aroma compound with a flavor dilution (FD) of 1024. CF1303-CSB, CF1318-CSB, and CL10138-CSB contained 24, 22, and 21 key aroma compounds, resp., based on the OAV. These key aroma compounds can be used as the potential markers to monitor the yeast-CSBs during the fermentation process. Five compounds, including β-myrcene, 2-phenoxyethanol, Me cinnamate, guaiacol, and o-cresol, were first identified in CSB. These results provide theor. basis for processing and quality control of yeast-CSBs.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry published new progress about Bread (steamed). 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, HPLC of Formula: 124-76-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Al-Ansari, Mysoon M. published the artcileInsecticidal, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oil from Lavandula latifolia L. and its deterrent effects on Euphoria leucographa, Application of rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, the main research area is Euphoria Lavandula essential oil insecticide antimicrobial antioxidant.

Lavandula latifolia L. is a medicinal plant has fungicidal, antibacterial and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to determine the chem. composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil (EO) of L. latifolia L. extracted by hydrodistillation method. A total of 22 constituents were identified in L. latifolia L. using Gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry anal. The compounds such as, gamma-terpinene (26.8%), camphor (13.8%), 1,8-cineole (10.2%), lavandulol (9.3%), terpinen-4-ol (9.1%), linalool (8.9%), b-elemene (3.2%), b-pinene (3.1%), 1,4-cineole (3.07%), camphene (2.32%), a-terpineol (2.3%), and a-copaene (2.2%) were determined The antifungal activity of this EO against five phytopathogenic fungi revealed their broad-spectrum and strong antifungal properties. Notably, the EO showed potent activity on Trichophyton mentagrophytes (31 ± 1 mm) and the min. inhibitory concentration value was 0.125 ± 0.05μg/mL. The oil, analyzed for its DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS [2,2_-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6- sulfonic acid)] free radical scavenging activity. Hydrodistd. EO had higher ABTS scavenging capacity than DPPH free radical scavenging power. Essential oil was used to test pesticide activity against Euphoria leucographa (Order: Coleoptera; Family: Scarabaeidae) infected in custard apple (Annona muricata) fruit. Results indicated that the spike lavender EO had contact toxicity on E. leucographa upon topical treatment. The effective concentration at 50% (EC50) value of EC of L. latifolia L. was 0.37% revealed considerable fumigant activity mainly due to the presence of fragrant compounds Interestingly, custard apple (A. muricata) treated with EO effectively controlled the growth of T. mentagrophytes. Overall, antifungal and insecticidal properties of lavender EO, as a natural choice to preserve the harvested fruits thereby protecting the industrial crops.

Industrial Crops and Products published new progress about Annona muricata. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Application of rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts