Tag: M.W=150-200

Diaz-Galvez, Kevin R. published the artcileSpecific capture of glycosylated graphene oxide by an asialoglycoprotein receptor: a strategic approach for liver-targeting, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is hepatic cancer glycosylated graphene oxide asialoglycoprotein receptor.

In this work, we report the evaluation of lactosylated graphene oxide (GO-AL) as a potential drug carrier targeted at an asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) from hepatic cancer cells. Structural-modification, safety evaluation, and functional anal. of GO-AL were performed. Safe application of GO-AL, an evaluation of the cytotoxic effect, hemolytic properties, and specific interactions of the glycoconjugate were also studied. SEM and AFM anal. of the GO showed graphene sheets with a layer size of 2-3 nm, though a few of them reached 4 nm. The Raman spectra presented characteristic peaks of graphene oxide at 1608 cm-1 and 1350 cm-1, corresponding to G and D bands, resp. Besides, Si-O peaks for the APTES conjugates of GO were identified by FTIR spectroscopy. No cytotoxic or hemolytic effects were observed for GO samples, thus proving their biocompatibility. The interaction of Ricinus communis lectin confirmed that GO-AL has a biorecognition capability and an exposed galactose structure. This biorecognition capability was accompanied by the determination of the specific absorption of lactosylated GO by HepG2 cells mediated through the asialoglycoprotein receptor. The successful conjugation, hemolytic safety, and specific recognition described here for lactosylated GO indicate its promise as an efficient drug-delivery vehicle to hepatic tissue.

RSC Advances published new progress about Biocompatibility. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zeng, Li published the artcileL-Theanine attenuates liver aging by inhibiting advanced glycation end products in D-galactose-induced rats and reversing an imbalance of oxidative stress and inflammation, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is liver aging inflammation oxidative stress levo theanine dextro galactose; AGEs; Inflammatory response; Liver aging; Oxidative stress; l-Theanine.

Redox and inflammation imbalances are associated with increased levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), leading to the degeneration of body function. L-Theanine, derived from tea, reportedly inhibits AGE formation in vitro. We investigated the effects on AGE content, oxidative stress, and inflammatory factors in D-galactose-induced aging rats for prevention and treatment of age-related liver dysfunction. L-Theanine increased activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, thus enhancing total antioxidant capacity, and decreasing malondialdehyde and nitric oxide synthase levels in serum and liver. Levels of the pro-inflammatory factors, interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-6 were decreased in serum and liver, whereas those of anti-inflammatory factors, IL-4 and IL-10, were increased in the serum. Further, L-theanine inhibited AGE production and decreased the levels of the liver function markers, alanine aminotransaminase and aspartate aminotransferase. It also significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of FoxO1 and downregulated NF-κB(p65) but suppressed the phosphorylation of both FOXO1 and NF-κB (p65). Moreover, L-theanine effectively attenuated D-galactose-induced edema and vacuole formation, thus protecting the liver. Overall, L-theanine reversed the D-galactose-induced imbalance in oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, reduced AGEs content in aging rats, maintained homeostasis in the body, and ameliorated liver aging.

Experimental Gerontology published new progress about Aging, animal. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Choudhury, Sadananda published the artcileComposition of the stem, flower and fruit oils of Litsea cubeba Pers. from two locations of Assam, India, Application of 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol, the main research area is essential oil composition Litsea.

The essential oils from the stems, flowers and fruits of two populations of Litsea cubeba Pers., growing spontaneously in Assam, India, were examined by a combination of high resolution GC and GC/MS. Between 19 and 44 compounds have been identified, accounting for 82-99% of the oils. The major constituents of the stem oils appeared to be citronellol (11.9-20.4%) and citronellal (7.7-10.0%). The fruit oils were also characterized by high concentrations of these compounds, but in reversed order: citronellal (44.8-77.2%) and citronellol (10.9-14.0%). The flower oils were rich in sabinene (41.8-42.3%), citronellal (14.3-17.3%), β-phellandrene (7.7-9.0%), α-pinene (6.6-7.6%) and β-pinene (5.8-6.1%).

Journal of Essential Oil Research published new progress about. 42822-86-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Application of 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Huang, Chao published the artcileA pectic polysaccharide from water decoction of Xinjiang Lycium barbarum fruit protects against intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress, Computed Properties of 59-23-4, the main research area is Lycium fruit pectic polysaccharide intestine endoplasmic reticulum stress China; ER stress; Lycium barbarum; Pectic polysaccharide.

Neutral polysaccharides from Ningxia L. barbarum fruit have been reported with immunomodulatory and antioxidative biol. activities. Few studies on pectic polysaccharides have been reported, especially not from the Xinjiang L. barbarum. In the present study, a pectic polysaccharide, XLBP-I-I, was obtained from water decoction of Xinjiang L. barbarum using anion exchange chromatog. and gel filtration. The results from methanolysis, methylation, FT-IR and NMR experiments indicated that XLBP-I-I was a typical pectic polysaccharide. In vitro assay showed that XLBP-I-I could reduce the ER stress and UPR in tunicamycin insult IPEC-J2 cells, and further protect IPEC-J2 cells against apoptosis induced by ER stress. These results reveal a new perspective for pectic L. barbarum polysaccharides on intestine ER stress, and this elicited interests for its further applications.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Apoptosis. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Computed Properties of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Liying published the artcileDevelopment of sugarcane resource for efficient fermentation of exopolysaccharide by using a novel strain of Kosakonia cowanii LT-1, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4, the main research area is sugarcane fermentation exopolysaccharide Kosakonia cowanii; Exopolysaccharide; Kosakonia cowanii LT-1; Non-food fermentation; Sugarcane juice; Transcriptome sequencing.

This work focuses on the development of non-food fermentation for the cost-effective biosynthesis of exopolysaccharide (EPS) by using a new strain of Kosakonia cowanii LT-1. This novel strain more efficiently utilizes sucrose for EPS production than other glycosyl donors. Comparative transcriptomic anal. is used to understand EPS synthesis promotion and the effects of sucrose on EPS biosynthesis. We speculate that ATP-binding cassette transporter, phosphotransferase, and two-component systems may be the most essential factors for EPS biosynthesis. The enhanced oxidative phosphorylation increases the synthesis rate of ATP to satisfy the energy demands for EPS production with sucrose as the substrate. Sugarcane juice, a cheap raw material, could improve the EPS yield in batch fermentation and achieve approx. 29.66% cost savings for substrate. Our work presents a promising non-food fermentation approach for the synthesis of high-value industrial products.

Bioresource Technology published new progress about Fermentation. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Tongxing published the artcileElucidating direct kinase targets of compound Danshen dropping pills employing archived data and prediction models, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is danshen protein kinase traditional chinese medicine.

Research on direct targets of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the key to study the mechanism and material basis of it, but there is still no effective methods at present. We took Compound Danshen dropping pills (CDDP) as a study case to establish a strategy to identify significant direct targets of TCM. As a result, thirty potential active kinase targets of CDDP were identified. Nine of them had potential dose-dependent effects. In addition, the direct inhibitory effect of CDDP on three kinases, AURKB, MET and PIM1 were observed both on biochem. level and cellular level, which could not only shed light on the mechanisms of action involved in CDDP, but also suggesting the potency of drug repositioning of CDDP. Our results indicated that the research strategy including both in silico models and exptl. validation that we built, were relatively efficient and reliable for direct targets identification for TCM prescription, which will help elucidating the mechanisms of TCM and promoting the modernization of TCM.

Scientific Reports published new progress about Animal gene Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), PRP (Properties), BIOL (Biological Study) (AURKB). 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Lu, Grace published the artcileProfiling the N-Glycan Composition of IgG with Lectins and Capillary Nanogel Electrophoresis, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is IgG glycan profiling lectin capillary nanogel electrophoresis.

Glycosylated human IgG contains fucosylated biantennary N-glycans with different modifications including N-acetylglucosamine, which bisects the mannose core. Although only a limited number of IgG N-glycan structures are possible, human IgG N-glycans are predominantly biantennary and fucosylated and contain varying levels of α2-6-linked sialic acid, galactose, and bisected N-acetylglucosamine. Monitoring the relative abundance of bisecting N-acetylglucosamine is relevant to physiol. processes. A rapid, inexpensive, and automated method is used to successfully profile N-linked IgG glycans and is suitable to distinguish differences in bisection, galactosylation, and sialylation in N-glycans derived from different sources of human IgG. The separation is facilitated with self-assembled nanogels that also contain a single stationary zone of lectin. When the lectin specificity matches the N-glycan, the peak disappears from the electropherogram, identifying the N-glycan structure. The nanogel electrophoresis generates separation efficiencies of 500 000 plates and resolves the positional isomers of monogalactosylated biantennary N-glycan and the monogalactosylated bisected N-glycan. Aleuria aurantia lectin, Erythrina cristagalli lectin (ECL), Sambucus nigra lectin, and Phaseolus vulgaris Erythroagglutinin (PHA-E) are used to identify fucose, galactose, α2-6-linked sialic acid, and bisected N-acetylglucosamine, resp. Although PHA-E lectin has a strong binding affinity for bisected N-glycans that also contain a terminal galactose on the α1-6-linked mannose branch, this lectin has lower affinity for N-glycans containing terminal galactose and for agalactosylated bisected biantennary N-glycans. The lower affinity to these motifs is observed in the electropherograms as a change in peak width, which when used in conjunction with the results from the ECL lectin authenticates the composition of the agalactosylated bisected biantennary N-glycan. For runs performed at 17°, the precision in migration time and peak area was less than or equal to 0.08 and 4% relative standard deviation, resp. The method is compatible with electrokinetic and hydrodynamic injections, with detection limits of 70 and 300 pM, resp.

Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, United States) published new progress about Aleuria aurantia. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Miyamoto, Sachiko published the artcileCase of de novo splice site variant in SLC35A2 showing developmental delays, spastic paraplegia, and delayed myelination, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4, the main research area is SLC35A2 spastic paraplegia delayed myelination congenital disorder glycosylation; SLC35A2 ; congenital disorders of glycosylation; delayed myelination; spastic paraplegia; splice site variant.

Background : Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) are genetic diseases caused by pathogenic variants of genes involved in protein or lipid glycosylation. De novo variants in the SLC35A2 gene, which encodes a UDP-galactose transporter, are responsible for CDGs with an X-linked dominant manner. Common symptoms related to SLC35A2 variants include epilepsy, psychomotor developmental delay, hypotonia, abnormal facial and skeletal features, and various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Methods : Whole-exome sequencing was performed on the patient′s DNA, and candidate variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing cDNA anal. was performed to assess the effect of the splice site variant using peripheral leukocytes. The X-chromosome inactivation pattern was studied using the human androgen receptor assay. Results : We identified a de novo splice site variant in SLC35A2 (NM_005660.2: c.274+1G>A) in a female patient who showed severe developmental delay, spastic paraplegia, mild cerebral atrophy, and delayed myelination on MRI, but no seizures. The variant led to an aberrant splicing resulting in an in-frame 33-bp insertion, which caused an 11-amino acid insertion in the presumptive cytoplasmic loop. X-inactivation pattern was random. Partial loss of galactose and sialic acid of the N-linked glycans of serum transferrin was observed Conclusion : This case would expand the phenotypic spectrum of SLC35A2-related disorders to delayed myelination with spasticity and no seizures.

Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine published new progress about Brain atrophy. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Deppermann, Carsten published the artcileMacrophage galactose lectin is critical for Kupffer cells to clear aged platelets, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is AMR galactose lectin hepatocyte macrophage platelet Kupffer cell interaction.

Every day, megakaryocytes produce billions of platelets that circulate for several days and eventually are cleared by the liver. The exact removal mechanism, however, remains unclear. Loss of sialic acid residues is thought to feature in the aging and clearance of platelets. Using state-of-the-art spinning disk intravital microscopy to delineate the different compartments and cells of the mouse liver, we observed rapid accumulation of desialylated platelets predominantly on Kupffer cells, with only a few on endothelial cells and none on hepatocytes. Kupffer cell depletion prevented the removal of aged platelets from circulation. Ashwell-Morell receptor (AMR) deficiency alone had little effect on platelet uptake. Macrophage galactose lectin (MGL) together with AMR mediated clearance of desialylated or cold-stored platelets by Kupffer cells. Effective clearance is critical, as mice with an aged platelet population displayed a bleeding phenotype. Our data provide evidence that the MGL of Kupffer cells plays a significant role in the removal of desialylated platelets through a collaboration with the AMR, thereby maintaining a healthy and functional platelet compartment.

Journal of Experimental Medicine published new progress about Aging, animal. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Pardatscher, Lorenz published the artcileHighly Efficient Abnormal NHC Ruthenium Catalyst for Oppenauer-Type Oxidation and Transfer Hydrogenation Reactions, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is cationic ruthenium phosphinoethylimidazolylidene carbene complex preparation catalyst transfer hydrogenation; crystal structure cationic ruthenium phosphinoethylimidazolylidene carbene complex; mol structure cationic ruthenium phosphinoethylimidazolylidene carbene complex; oxidation catalyst cationic ruthenium phosphinoethylimidazolylidene carbene complex.

The Ru complex [Ru(OAc)(a-PC)2]Br (3) containing two abnormal NHC ligands was obtained by reaction of Ru(OAc)2(PPh3)2 (1) with 1-(2-diphenylphosphinoethyl)-3-mesitylimidazolium bromide in the presence of NaOAc. Complex 3 catalyzes the Oppenauer-type oxidation of a number of alcs. at unrivalled reaction rates reaching TOFs up to 550,000 h-1, at low catalyst loadings (S/C >10,000) and using acetone in stoichiometric amounts Complex 3 is also highly active in the reverse transfer hydrogenation of several ketones with iso-PrOH, displaying TOFs up to 600,000 h-1.

ACS Catalysis published new progress about Crystal structure. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts