Tag: M.W=150-200

Liu, Jing-Yu published the artcileIsolation and structural characterization of a novel polysaccharide from Hericium erinaceus fruiting bodies and its arrest of cell cycle at S-phage in colon cancer cells, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4, the main research area is Hericium fruit body polysaccharide anticancer agent phase colon cancer; Anti-tumor activity; Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides; Structural characterization.

The fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus has been used to treat digestive system disorder-related diseases for over 2000 years in China. A novel polysaccharide, HEFP-2b, was obtained from H. erinaceus fruiting bodies. Phys. and chem. anal. showed that HEFP-2b consisted of fucose, galactose, glucose, and mannose in molar ratio of 11.81:22.82:44.28:21.09, and that its mol. weight was 3.252 × 104 Da. The backbone of HEFP-2b consisted of (→6)-linked-α-D-Glcp-(1→ and →4)-β-D-Galp-(1→and →3,6)-α-D-Manp linkage, with two side-branching units of (1→ and →6)-β-D-Galp and (1→ and →4)-α-D-Manp, terminated by Glc and Fuc. The results of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and cell cycle arrest experiments revealed that HEFP-2b considerably inhibited the growth of colon cancer cells (HCT-116) in vitro. The growth inhibitory effects of HEFP-2b correlated with their ability to arrest the cell cycle at the S-phase. Our results will provide valuable information for future studies on HEFP-2b as a novel health-promoting functional food ingredient that can be used for treating colon cancer.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Animal gene, cdk2 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Park, Hae-Bin published the artcileDendritic cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy with Ecklonia cava fucoidan, HPLC of Formula: 59-23-4, the main research area is dendritic cell Ecklonia immunotherapy colorectal carcinoma; Anti-cancer; Dendritic cell; Ecklonia cava Fucoidan.

Fucoidan is known to exert immunomodulatory effects in animals and humans. Here, we extracted fucoidan from Ecklonia cava (ECF) and evaluated its immunostimulatory and anticancer activities in mice. Treatment with ECF resulted in the activation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) in vitro and splenic DCs in vivo. Moreover, the combination of ECF and ovalbumin (OVA) promoted OVA-specific T cell proliferation and cytokine production, which consequently suppressed B16-OVA tumor growth in vivo. The combination treatment with ECF and carcinoma self-antigen resulted in the inhibition of the growth of CT-26 carcinoma in mice through carcinoma antigen-specific immunity. Thus, ECF could function as an adjuvant for the induction of anticancer immunity.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Animal gene, TNFA Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, HPLC of Formula: 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Li, Hongyan published the artcileEffect of the structural characterization of the fungal polysaccharides on their immunomodulatory activity, Computed Properties of 59-23-4, the main research area is immunomodulatory agent extracellular polysaccharide Aspergillus Sanguisorba Rumia Zizania; Extracellular polysaccharide; Fungus; Immunomodulatory activity; Structural characterization.

The immunomodulatory effects of the four extracellular polysaccharides, namely WPA, WPB, AP2A, and TP1A, which were isolated from the fermented broth of Aspergillus aculeatus, A. terreus and Trichoderma sp. KK19L1, were investigated in vitro. WPA, WPB, AP2A, and TP1A were not toxic to RAW264.7 cells. These polysaccharides enhanced cell viability. WPA, WPB, AP2A, and TP1A showed increased immunomodulatory effect by strengthening the phagocytic activity and enhancing the release of NO, TNF-α and IL-6 from RAW264.7 cells. WPA, WPB, AP2A, and TP1A exhibited different immunomodulatory activity in vitro due to their different structural characterizations, and their immunoregulatory effects decreased successively in the following order: WPA, WPB, AP2A, and TP1A. The extracellular polysaccharides WPA, WPB, AP2A, and TP1A had potent immunomodulatory effects and could be used as potential immunomodulatory agents in the fields of functional food and medicine.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Animal gene, TNFA Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Computed Properties of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Luan, Chunning published the artcileEffect of two-step fermentation with lactic acid bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on key chemical properties, molecular structure and flavor characteristics of horseradish sauce, Name: rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, the main research area is horseradish sauce lactic acid bacteria Saccharomyces cerevisiae flavor.

To enhance the quality or, in other words, increase the variety of horseradish sauce, two-step fermentation using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is proposed for the production of the sauce. Total phenolics, acids and amino acid nitrogen contents were determined and used to assess the fermentation efficiency, while antioxidant activities, profiles of amino acids and volatile flavor compounds was used to indicate the quality of the sauce. Mol. structure determination as well as electronic tongue and sensory analyses were also conducted. Adding S. cerevisiae after 48 h of LAB fermentation resulted in higher fermentation efficiency. The sauce was noted to be fermented more fully, with increased content of amino acids by 23.10% compared with unfermented samples; its DPPH radical scavenging ability and reducing power increased by 26.26% and 33.33%, resp. The contents of alcs., esters and acids increased in the sauce. The electronic tongue and sensory evaluation showed that the sauce had good sensory quality.

LWT–Food Science and Technology published new progress about Acids Role: BUU (Biological Use, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study), USES (Uses). 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Name: rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhang, Hui published the artcileAn amendment to the fine structure of galactoxyloglucan from Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) seed, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is Tamarindus seed galactoxyloglucan glucose xylose galactose; Fine structure; MALDI-TOF MS; NMR spectroscopy; Polysaccharide; Tamarind seed.

A polysaccharide from tamarind seeds (TSP) was characterized in terms of backbone and side chain structural features, as well as conformational property using methylation and GC-MS anal., 2D NMR, MALDI-TOF MS, and high performance size exclusion chromatog. (HPSEC). Results showed that TSP was a galactoxyloglucan (GXG) consisting of glucose, xylose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 3.1: 1.7: 1.0. The Mw was determined to be 524.0 kDa with radius of gyration (Rg) of 55.6 nm. The chem. structure was confirmed as a classical β-(1 → 4)-glucan with short side chains of T-β-Galp-(1 → 2)-α-Xylp-(1 → and T-α-Xylp-(1 → attached to O-6 position of glucose. MALDI-TOF MS anal. indicated that TSP mainly composed of nonasaccharide (XLLG) and octasaccharide (XLXG or XXLG) blocks in periodic or interrupted sequence in a ratio of 3: 2, occasionally interrupted by heptasaccharide (XXXG), hexasaccharide (XLG or XXGG), or even hendesaccharide blocks. Conformational study indicated that TSP was in a random-coil shape with relative extended stiff chain in aqueous solution This study provided more evidences to make an amendment to the fine structure of tamarind GXG.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Hexasaccharides Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Xu, Danping published the artcileExtraction, purification and antioxidant activity of polysaccharide from cold pressed oil cake of ‘Tengjiao’ seed, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Zanthoxylum polysaccharide antioxidant monosaccharide; Antioxidant activity; Cold pressed oil cake; Polysaccharide.

Tengjiao (Zanthoxylum armatum DC.) seed cold pressed oil cake (CPC), the main byproduct of the cold-pressed oil process, is mainly used for animal feed or crop fertilizer, resulting in a great waste of resources. To improve the added value, the CPC polysaccharide (CPCP) was extracted and purified, and its antioxidant activity was studied. The extraction conditions by microwave assisted extraction, and purification conditions by trichloroacetic acid and polyamide column chromatog. treatment were optimized. High performance liquid chromatog. and Fourier transforms IR were applied to characterize the primary structural features. And the antioxidant activity was analyzed by detecting the reducing power, and scavenging activity on radical of superoxide anion, DPPH and ABTS. The results showed that, under the optimal extraction conditions (liquid-to-solid ratio 44 mL/g, processing time 16 min, microwave power 500 W and extraction temperature 80°C), and the optimal purification conditions, the extract rate of crude CPCP reached 4.76 ± 0.07%, and the purity increased from 48.52 ± 2.76% to 93.76 ± 2.06%. CPCP was mainly water-soluble pyranose with α-configuration, and composed of five kinds of monosaccharides including L-Rhamnose, D-Glucuronic acid, D-Glucose, D-Galactose and D-(-)-Arabinose. CPCP displayed certain degree of antioxidant activity, revealing the potential development and utilization value as antioxidants.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Monosaccharides Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Rizk, Dana V. published the artcileGlomerular immunodeposits of patients with IgA nephropathy are enriched for IgG autoantibodies specific for galactose-deficient IgA1, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is IgG IgA1 PLA2R autoantibody galactose IgA nephropathy; IgA nephropathy; autoantibody; biomarker; immunodeposits.

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the leading primary GN worldwide. The disease is thought to result from glomerular deposition of circulating immune complexes of IgG bound to galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1). However, routine immunofluorescence microscopy fails to detect IgG in many kidney biopsies from patients with IgAN and the specificity of IgG in immunodeposits has not been tested. Methods: We used remnant frozen kidney-biopsy specimens from 34 patients with IgAN; 14 were IgG-pos. and 20 were IgG-neg. by routine immunofluorescence microscopy. Six patients with primary membranous nephropathy (MN) and eight with lupus nephritis (LN) served as controls. IgG in the kidney tissue was extracted and its amount determined by ELISA. IgG mol. integrity was assessed by SDS-PAGE immunoblotting. Antigenic specificity of extracted IgG was determined by ELISA using phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) or Gd-IgA1 as antigen. In addition, ten other IgAN cases, six IgG-pos. and four IgG-neg. by routine immunofluorescence, were used for colocalization studies by confocal microscopy. Results: IgG extracted from MN but not IgAN immunodeposits reacted with PLA2R. Conversely, IgG extracted from IgAN but not MN or LN immunodeposits reacted with Gd-IgA1. Even IgAN kidney-biopsy specimens without IgG by routine immunofluorescence microscopy had IgG specific for Gd-IgA1. Confocal microscopy confirmed the presence of IgG in the IgAN biopsies with colocalization of glomerular IgA and IgG. Conclusions: These results reveal for the first time that IgAN kidney biopsies, with or without IgG by routine immunofluorescence, contain Gd-IgA1-specific IgG autoantibodies. These findings support the importance of these autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of IgAN.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology published new progress about Homo sapiens. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Zichao published the artcileAnti-diabetic activity evaluation of a polysaccharide extracted from Gynostemma pentaphyllum, Formula: C6H12O6, the main research area is Gynostemma polysaccharide antidiabetic; Anti-diabetic activity; Gynostemma pentaphyllum; Polysaccharide.

In current study, a polysaccharide (GPP) was successfully extracted from Gynostemma pentaphyllum herb. Monosaccharide composition of GPP was rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 4.11: 7.34: 13.31: 20.99: 1.07: 0.91: 4.75: 0.36. Mol. weight and polydispersity (Mw/Mn) of GPP were 4.070 × 104 Da and 1.037, resp. Primary structure features of GPP were determined to be a polysaccharide by FT-IR and NMR. Fasting blood sugar of diabetic mice decreased from 17.56 mmol/L to 7.42 mmol/L by orally administration of 0.5 mL GPP (1 mg/mL) for 30 days. GPP exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition effect on a-glucosidase activity. Moreover, GPP could inhibit the glucose absorption and affect the protein expression of GLUT2, but not the protein expression of SGLT1. These results indicated GPP could be used as an effective ingredient to prevent and cure diabetes.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Animal gene, SGLT1 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Formula: C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Waris, Muhammad Irfan published the artcileMolecular and in vitro biochemical assessment of chemosensory protein 10 from brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens at acidic pH, Computed Properties of 124-76-5, the main research area is mol in vitro biochem assessment chemosensory protein; Nilaparvata lugens acidic pH.

Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) are important mol. components of the insect olfactory system, which are involved in capturing, binding, and transporting hydrophobic odor mols. across the sensillum in sensillar lymph in regulating insect behavior. This protein family (CSPs) is also involved in many other systems that are not linked to olfactory receptors in olfactory sensilla. The brown planthopper (BPH) is a monophagous pest of rice that causes damage by sucking phloem sap and transmitting a number of diseases caused by viruses. In this study, fluorescence competitive binding assay and fluorescence quenching assay at acidic pH were performed as well as homol. modeling to describe the binding affinity of NlugCSP10. Fluorescence competitive binding assay (FCBA) demonstrated that NlugCSP10 bound strongly to nonadecane, farnesene, and 2-tridecanone at acidic pH. The results of FCBA indicated that NlugCSP10 bound different ligands at the physiol. pH (5.0) of the bulk sensillum lymph. Fluorescence quenching assay demonstrated that NlugCSP10 generated a stable complex with 2-tridecanone, while two ligands nonadecane and farnesene collided due to mol. collisions. The interaction of selected ligands with the modeled structure of NlugCSP10 was also analyzed, which found the key amino acids (Gln23, Gln24, Gln25, Asn27, Met33, Ser34, Ile35, Tyr36, Asn42, Met43, Val45, Asn46, Asn93, Arg96, Ala97, Lys99, and Ala100) in NlugCSP10 that were involved in binding of volatile compounds The present study contributes to the binding profile of NlugCSP10 that promotes the development of behaviorally active ligands based on BPH olfactory system.

Journal of Integrative Agriculture published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (Ala97). 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Computed Properties of 124-76-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Youxia published the artcileComprehensive analysis of aberrantly expressed profiles of mRNA and its relationship with serum galactose-deficient IgA1 level in IgA nephropathy, COA of Formula: C6H12O6, the main research area is gene expression galactose IgA1 IgA nephropathy; Differential gene expression; Galactose-deficient IgA1; IgA nephropathy; RNA-deep sequencing; mRNA microarray.

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease. Previous mRNA microarray profiling studies of IgAN revealed inconsistent data. We sought to identify the aberrantly expressed genes and biol. pathways by integrating IgAN gene expression datasets in blood cells and performing systematically exptl. validation. We also explored the relationship between target genes and galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) in IgAN. We retrieved Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets of IgAN. Gene Ontol. (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were used for functional anal. Deep sequencing on RNA isolated from B cells was used for microarray validation. The relationship between target mRNA expressions and Gd-IgA1 levels in serum were also studied. Three studies with microarray expression profiling datasets met our inclusion criteria. We identified 655 dyregulated genes, including 319 up-regulated and 336 down-regulated genes in three GEO datasets with a total of 35 patients of IgAN and 19 healthy controls. Based on biol. process in GO term, these dyregulated genes are mainly related to pentose-phosphate shunt, non-oxidative branch, post-embryonic camera-type eye development and leukocyte activation. KEGG pathway anal. of microarray data revealed that these aberrantly expressed genes were enriched in human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection, proteoglycans in cancer, intestinal immune network for IgA production and autophagy. We further performed deep sequencing on mRNAs isolated from B cells of an independent set of five patients with IgAN and three healthy persons with the same clin. and demog. characteristics. Seventy-seven genes overlapped with 655 differentially regulated genes mentioned above, including 43 up-regulated and thirty-four down-regulated genes. We next investigated whether these genes expression correlated with Gd-IgA1 levels in IgAN patients. Pearson correlation analyses showed PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) was the most powerful gene neg. correlated with Gd-IgA1 levels. These results demonstrated that dyregulated genes in patients with IgAN were enriched in intestinal immune network for IgA production and autophagy process, and PTEN in B cells might be involved in the mechanism of Gd-IgA1 production

Journal of Translational Medicine published new progress about Animal gene Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (DEF8). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, COA of Formula: C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts