Tag: M.W=100-150

Kloetzer, Lenuta published the artcileSeparation of fumaric acid by amine extraction without and with 1-octanol as phase modifier, Formula: C8H18O, the main research area is fumaric acid reactive extraction Amberlite LA2 amine octanol modifier.

The aim of the current experiments was to study the reactive extraction of fumaric acid using Amberlite LA-2 and to comparatively analyze the influences of the process parameters (pH-value of aqueous phase, extractant concentration, and organic phase polarity) on the separation performances for the extraction systems with and without 1-octanol. Also, original equations describing the influence of extractant concentration on distribution coefficient were proposed. The results indicated that the mechanism of the interfacial reaction between acid FA(COOH)2 and extractant (Q) is controlled by the organic phase polarity and the pH-value of aqueous phase plays an important role on extraction efficiency. Thus, the structure of the extracted complexes, in the absence of 1-octanol, are FA(COOH)2Q2 for n-heptane and FA(COOH)2Q for dichloromethane. The addition of 1-octanol modified only the structure of complexes extracted in n-heptane to FA(COOH)2Q. The pos. effect of 1-octanol on extraction efficiency was quantified by means of the amplification factor, its maximum values being 2.8 for dichloromethane, and 2.48 for n-heptane. The extraction mechanism influences also the value of the extraction constant, the highest value, KE = 1.31 ·103 (L2·mol-2), was obtained for lower polarity of the organic phase, namely n-heptane.

Separation and Purification Technology published new progress about Extraction. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Formula: C8H18O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhang, Xinyi published the artcileChanges in Red Wine Composition during Bottle Aging: Impacts of Grape Variety, Vineyard Location, Maturity, and Oxygen Availability during Aging, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is grape maturity vineyard oxygen red wine bottle aging; grape maturity; grape variety; oxygen availability; red wine composition evolution; vineyard location.

This work investigated the influence of grape variety, vineyard location, and grape harvest maturity, combined with different oxygen availability treatments, on red wine composition during bottle aging. Chemometric anal. of wine compositional data (i.e., wine color parameters, SO2, metals, and volatile compounds) demonstrated that the wine samples could be differentiated according to the different viticultural or bottle-aging factors. Grape variety, vineyard location, and grape maturity showed greater influence on wine composition than bottle-aging conditions. For most measured wine compositional variables, the evolution patterns adopted from the viticultural factors were not altered by oxygen availability treatment. However, contrasting evolution patterns for some variables were observed according to specific viticultural factors, with examples including di-Me sulfide, phenylacetaldehyde, maltol, and β-damascenone for vineyard locations, 2-methylbutanal, 1,4-cineole, and linalool for grape variety, and methanethiol, methional, and homofuraneol for grape maturity.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry published new progress about Food aging. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Pereira, Filipa published the artcileModel-guided development of an evolutionarily stable yeast chassis, Quality Control of 97-67-6, the main research area is transcriptome proteome metabolome succinate fumarate malate dehydrogenase Saccharomyces; adaptive laboratory evolution; chassis cell; metabolic engineering; multi-objective optimization; systems biology.

First-principle metabolic modeling holds potential for designing microbial chassis that are resilient against phenotype reversal due to adaptive mutations. Yet, the theory of model-based chassis design has rarely been put to rigorous exptl. test. Here, we report the development of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chassis strains for dicarboxylic acid production using genome-scale metabolic modeling. The chassis strains, albeit geared for higher flux towards succinate, fumarate and malate, do not appreciably secrete these metabolites. As predicted by the model, introducing product-specific TCA cycle disruptions resulted in the secretion of the corresponding acid. Adaptive laboratory evolution further improved production of succinate and fumarate, demonstrating the evolutionary robustness of the engineered cells. In the case of malate, multi-omics anal. revealed a flux bypass at peroxisomal malate dehydrogenase that was missing in the yeast metabolic model. In all three cases, flux balance anal. integrating transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics data confirmed the flux re-routing predicted by the model. Taken together, our modeling and exptl. results have implications for the computer-aided design of microbial cell factories.

Molecular Systems Biology published new progress about Metabolome. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Quality Control of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Christian, Arias-Reyes published the artcileNADH-linked mitochondrial respiration in the developing mouse brain is sex-, age- and tissue-dependent, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6, the main research area is NADH ATP synthase brainstem cortex sexual dimorphism oxidative phosphorylation; Brain development; Brainstem; Mice; Mitochondria; Sex dimorphism; cortex.

Mitochondria play a major role in the brain. In this work, we collected samples of brainstem and cortex of mice at postnatal ages 3 (P3), 21 (P21), and at adulthood (3 mo old) and evaluated the mitochondrial oxygen consumption after complex I activation. To do so, we used our oxygraph-2 K system (OROBOROS) that measures the mitochondrial bioenergetics in saponin-permeabilized tissue punches of 2 mg weight Furthermore, as sex dimorphism in the brain occurs since very early stages of development, we performed experiments in brain samples of male and female mice. Accordingly, the mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was evaluated under activation of complex I (NADH-linked respiration – mitochondrial state 3), and during the inhibition of the complex V (ATP synthase) with oligomycin (mitochondrial state 4). In following, the respiratory control ratio (RCR – state 3/state4) was calculated as an index of mitochondrial oxidative-phosphorylation coupling. Our results show that the activity of the mitochondrial complex I in the brain increases along with the postnatal development in a sex- and tissue-dependent manner, with males showing higher activity than females, and with brainstem tissue showing higher activity than cortex. Our data may contribute to a better understanding of the sex-dependent maturation of the cortex and the cardiorespiratory network located in the brainstem.

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology published new progress about Brain stem. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhao, Cong published the artcileCharacterization of key aroma compounds in pixian broad bean paste through the molecular sensory science technique, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is pixian broad bean paste key aroma compound mol sensory.

The Pixian broad bean paste (PBBP) is widely welcomed by consumers in China due to its unique aroma. The objective of this study was to characterize the key aroma of PBBP. The aromas of PBBP were fractionated by normal phase-liquid chromatog. (NP-LC) and detected and identified by gas chromatog.-olfactory (GC-O) coupled with gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and quantitated by stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE). The results showed that 58 aroma-active compounds were identified in PBBP, of which acids and phenolics had the highest concentration, and 39 odorants were demonstrated as important odorants. Besides, aroma recombination tests and statistical anal. showed that the original PBBP and recombinant have no significant difference in sweat/sour, roasted, and floral attributes, proving that this study successfully simulated the typical aroma of PBBP. The omission tests demonstrated 4-ethylguaiacol and 4-vinylguaiacol as the key odorants and revealed the significance of sotolon, 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone (HDMF), the entire class of phenolics, and the entire class of acids, particularly acetic acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, 4-methylpentanoic acid may have a synergistic effect, for the overall aroma of the PBBP.

LWT–Food Science and Technology published new progress about Broad bean. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Manko, B. O. published the artcileAdaptive respiratory response of rat pancreatic acinar cells to mitochondrial membrane depolarization, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is pancreatic acinar cell mitochondrial membrane depolarization adaptive respiratory response.

The dependence of uncoupled respiratory capacity of intact pancreatic acini on oxidative substrate supply and functional cell state has not yet been studied in detail. In this study, the respiratory responses of isolated pancreatic acini to FCCP were measured with Clark electrode and mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed with rhodamine123 fluorescence. The response of acini to FCCP was characterized with maximal uncoupled respiration rate, optimal FCCP concentration, respiration acceleration and deceleration. Maximal uncoupled respiration rate substantially increased upon the oxidation of glucose + glutamine (3.03 ± 0.54 r.u.), glucose + glutamine + pyruvate (2.82 ± 0.51 r.u.), glucose + isocitrate (2.71 ± 0.33 r.u.), glucose + malate (2.75 ± 0.38 r.u.), glucose + monomethyl-succinate (2.64 ± 0.42 r.u.) or glucose + dimethyl-α-ketoglutarate (2.36 ± 0.33 r.u.) comparing to glucose alone (1.73-2.02 r.u.) or no substrate (1.76 – 0.33 r.u.). The optimal FCCP concentration was the highest (1.75 μM) upon glucose + glutamine + pyruvate combination and the lowest (0.5 μM) upon glutamate, combinations of glucose with isocitrate, malate, succinate or α-ketoglutarate. Respiration acceleration after FCCP application was the highest with dimethyl-α-ketoglutarate. Following the peak respiration, time-dependent deceleration was observed It increased with FCCP concentration and depended on oxidative substrate type. Deceleration was the highest upon malate or isocitrate oxidation but was not observed in case of glutamine or dimethyl-α-ketoglutarate oxidation Pyruvate alone or in combination with glutamine and glucose significantly decreased the depolarizing effect of FCCP on mitochondrial membrane potential and increased respiration elasticity coefficient with respect to the membrane potential change. Thus, in pancreatic acinar cells, the combination of pyruvate, glutamine and glucose enables the optimal adaptive respiratory response to membrane depolarization.

Ukrainian Biochemical Journal published new progress about Catabolism. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dubinin, Mikhail V. published the artcileEffect of hypothermia on the functional activity of liver mitochondria of grass snake (Natrix natrix): inhibition of succinate-fueled respiration and K+ transport, ROS-induced activation of mitochondrial permeability transition, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6, the main research area is Natrix succinate respiration liver mitochondria permeability transition; Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial pore; Fatty acids; Grass snake; Hibernation; Hypothermia; Liver mitochondria; Potassium ions; Reactive oxygen species.

The article considers the comparative anal. of the functional activity of mitochondria isolated from the liver of grass snakes, Natrix natrix (Linnaeus, 1758) that were kept at different temperatures (23-26°C and 4-5°C). It was found that liver mitochondria of hypothermia-exposed grass snakes are characterized by weak coupling of oxidative phosphorylation as compared to mitochondria of active animals which is caused by inhibition of succinate-fuelled respiration in ADP-stimulated state, as well as by activation of basal non-phosphorylating rate. Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration in hibernating animals is associated with a decrease in the activity of the respiratory chain complexes of organelles. Under these conditions, a decrease in the calcium capacity of the organelles was also revealed, which indicates a decrease in the resistance of the mitochondria of hibernating animals to the induction of the Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial pore. All these changes in the functional activity of mitochondria are observed on the background of increasing H2O2 production as well as increasing the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids in phospholipid composition of mitochondrial membranes, which are the targets of reactive oxygen species. It can lead to increased formation of lipid peroxides and activation of destructive processes associated with the induction of Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial pore.

Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes published new progress about Cell death. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Li, Qianqian published the artcileExperimental and kinetic modeling study of laminar flame characteristics of higher mixed alcohols, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol, the main research area is higher mixed alc laminar flame kinetic model.

Mixturesof alcs.combining strengths of lower and higher alcs.show promising alternative properties as engine fuel. To aid the extensive application of the mixed alcs., detailed combustion investigation is necessary. In this study, laminar flame speeds and Markstein lengths were measured for simplified higher mixed alcs.(blends of methanol and n-hexanol/n-heptanol/n-octanol) with spherically propagating flame at 0.1 MPa, elevated temperatureof 433 K, and different mixing ratios. A comprehensive model was developed to describe the high temperaturechem.of the mixed alcs. The accuracy of the model was validated with present data. Results reveal that the three higher alcs.exhibited close laminar flame speeds and Markstein lengths resulting from their similar thermal, diffusion, and chem.kinetic properties. With the increasing mixing ratio of the higher alcs., the laminar flame speed decreased, especiallyfor the rich mixtures The maximum laminar flame speed slightly shifted to the lean side. The Markstein length increased at extremely lean mixturesand decreased at extremely rich mixtures, with the intersection occurring at the equivalence ratio between 1.2 and 1.3. The laminar flame speed variation of the mixed alcs.was dominated by chem. kinetics. Reaction pathway analyses indicated that the cracking process of each component in the mixed alcs.remains as that in the pure alcs. Such result demonstrated the chem.kinetic effect resulting from changes in fuel components.

Fuel Processing Technology published new progress about Combustion. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ruiz-Rodriguez, Irene published the artcileExperimental study of the effect of C8 oxygenates on sooting processes in high pressure spray flames, HPLC of Formula: 111-87-5, the main research area is oxygenate sooting spray flame combustion thermo phys chem property.

Oxygenated compounds have the ability to reduce soot emissions and to improve the combustion efficiency in engines. Most studies have focused on the soot reduction potential of shorter carbon chain oxygenates, while longer carbon chain oxygenates are still relatively unexplored. In this work, the soot reduction potential of long carbon chain oxygenates having similar thermo-phys. and chem. properties to those of diesel have been studied, viz., 2-octanone (ketone), 1-octanol (alc.), hexyl acetate (ester) and octanal (aldehyde). These oxygenates were injected at high pressure into a constant volume chamber maintained at high ambient temperature conditions, and their spray flames were investigated using a high-speed, two-color pyrometry system. It was found that for the same injected fuel mass, the oxygenates reduced the overall soot when compared to diesel. Small differences in sooting tendencies were observed between different oxygenated moieties but these were smaller than those relative to diesel. The absence of aromatic groups and the presence of oxygen directly bonded to carbon atoms seemed to have a larger effect on soot reduction than the oxygenated functional group. The oxygenates altered the local oxygen equivalence ratio in the spray, influencing the soot formation and its distribution in the flame. Under the high pressure conditions studied, the average sooting tendency of the long carbon-chain oxygenates studied increased in the order of: ester< aldehyde �alc.HPLC of Formula: 111-87-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Jinglan published the artcileEffect of diesel blended with di-n-butyl ether/1-octanol on combustion and emission in a heavy-duty diesel engine, Safety of n-Octanol, the main research area is butyl ether octanol diesel engine blend combustion emission; Butyl ether; Combustion; Diesel engine; Emission; Octanol.

Two kinds of C8 isomers, di-Bu ether (DNBE) and 1-octanol, as potential oxygen-containing alternative fuels, show important value in the trade-off between efficiency and emission. In the present work, the effects of DNBE/1-octanol with different proportions (0, 10%, and 20%) blended into diesel on the combustion characteristics, fuel economy, and emission characteristics in a six-cylinder heavy-duty diesel engine were studied at low, medium, and high loads. 1-Octanol with a 20% blending ratio showed different combustion characteristics in the cylinder compared with the other fuels. The economic anal. showed that the brake specific fuel consumption of DNBE-diesel blend fuels was higher than that of 1-octanol-diesel blend fuels, while brake thermal efficiency was the opposite tendency. The emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) were affected by the types of blend fuels, blending ratios, and loads. In comparison with 1-octanol-diesel blend fuels, the addition of DNBE in diesel promoted the emission of nitrogen oxides, but inhibited the emissions of soot, HC, and CO. DNBE- and 1-octanol-diesel blend fuels increased the weighted brake specific fuel consumption but decreased the weighted brake thermal efficiency compared with diesel in the World Harmonized Stationary Cycle test cycle of Euro VI regulation. The weighted NOx, HC, soot, and CO emissions of blend fuels depended on the types of blend fuels and blend ratios. The weighted NOx, HC, and soot emissions were reduced by blending 1-octanol into diesel, while the weighted CO emission was increased. The weighted CO and soot emissions of diesel blended with DNBE were reduced than that of diesel.

Environmental Pollution (Oxford, United Kingdom) published new progress about Combustion. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Safety of n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts