Tag: M.W=100-150

Ubeda, Cristina published the artcileCombined effects of the vessel type and bottle closure during Chilean Sauvignon Blanc wine storage over its volatile profile, Name: 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, the main research area is chilean sauvignon blanc wine storage vessel bottle volatile profile; Clay; Natural cork; Polyethylene; Sauvignon Blanc; Screwcap; Stainless steel; Synthetic cork; Volatile compounds; Wine maturation.

A Sauvignon Blanc wine was subjected to a maturation period of six months by using four different types of vessels in triplicate: cylindrical stainless steel tanks, oval-shaped polyethylene tanks, cubic-shaped polyethylene tanks, and clay jars. After maturation in the different vessels, wines were bottled using three different closures (natural cork, synthetic cork, and screwcaps). The volatile compound profiles of the wine samples were recorded by SPME-GC-MS throughout vessel maturation as well as after the bottle storage period. In general terms, wines stored in stainless steel tanks showed the highest contents of volatile compounds when compared with the other tested vessels. Moreover, wines from bottles capped with screwcaps showed the highest contents of most of the volatile compounds when compared with the other closures. Moreover, an interaction between the vessel and the closure was observed: when screwcaps were used during bottle aging, the resulting wines were very similar to those matured in stainless steel vessels. These results suggest that the use of screwcaps hides the differences originating from wine composition during maturation in vessels other than stainless steel.

Food Research International published new progress about Acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Name: 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Shameer, Sanu published the artcileLeaf energy balance requires mitochondrial respiration and export of chloroplast NADPH in the light, Application of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is Arabidopsis chloroplast malate mitochondrial respiration photooxidative stress light.

Key aspects of leaf mitochondrial metabolism in the light remain unresolved. For example, there is debate about the relative importance of exporting reducing equivalent from mitochondria for the peroxisomal steps of photorespiration vs. oxidation of NADH to generate ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. Here, we address this and explore energetic coupling between organelles in the light using a diel flux balance anal. model. The model included more than 600 reactions of central metabolism with full stoichiometric accounting of energy production and consumption. Different scenarios of energy availability (light intensity) and demand (source leaf vs. a growing leaf) were considered, and the model was constrained by the nonlinear relationship between light and CO2 assimilation rate. The anal. demonstrated that the chloroplast can theor. generate sufficient ATP to satisfy the energy requirements of the rest of the cell in addition to its own. However, this requires unrealistic high light use efficiency and, in practice, the availability of chloroplast-derived ATP is limited by chloroplast energy dissipation systems, such as nonphotochem. quenching, and the capacity of the chloroplast ATP export shuttles. Given these limitations, substantial mitochondrial ATP synthesis is required to fulfill cytosolic ATP requirements, with only minimal, or zero, export of mitochondrial reducing equivalent The anal. also revealed the importance of exporting reducing equivalent from chloroplasts to sustain photorespiration. Hence, the chloroplast malate valve and triose phosphate-3-phosphoglycerate shuttle are predicted to have important metabolic roles, in addition to their more commonly discussed contribution to the avoidance of photooxidative stress.

Plant Physiology published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Application of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Pereira, Goncalo C. published the artcileHexokinase II dissociation alone cannot account for changes in heart mitochondrial function, morphology and sensitivity to permeability transition pore opening following ischemia, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is ischemia hexokinase II heart mitochondria morphol permeability transition pore.

We previously demonstrated that hexokinase II (HK2) dissociation from mitochondria during cardiac ischemia correlates with cytochrome c (cyt-c) loss, oxidative stress and subsequent reperfusion injury. However, whether HK2 release is the primary signal mediating this ischemia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction was not established. To investigate this, we studied the effects of dissociating HK2 from isolated heart mitochondria. Mitochondria isolated from Langendorff-perfused rat hearts before and after 30 min global ischemia ± ischemic preconditioning (IPC) were subject to in vitro dissociation of HK2 by incubation with glucose-6-phosphate at pH 6.3. Prior HK2 dissociation from pre- or end-ischemic heart mitochondria had no effect on their cyt-c release, respiration (± ADP) or mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. Inner mitochondrial membrane morphol. was assessed indirectly by monitoring changes in light scattering (LS) and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Although no major ultrastructure differences were detected between pre- and end-ischemia mitochondria, the amplitude of changes in LS was reduced in the latter. This was prevented by IPC but not mimicked in vitro by HK2 dissociation We also observed more Drp1, a mitochondrial fission protein, in end-ischemia mitochondria. IPC failed to prevent this increase but did decrease mitochondrial-associated dynamin 2. In vitro HK2 dissociation alone cannot replicate ischemia-induced effects on mitochondrial function implying that in vivo dissociation of HK2 modulates end-ischemia mitochondrial function indirectly perhaps involving interaction with mitochondrial fission proteins. The resulting changes in mitochondrial morphol. and cristae structure would destabilize outer / inner membrane interactions, increase cyt-c release and enhance mPTP sensitivity to [Ca2+].

PLoS One published new progress about Breathing (animal). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Silva, Weliton D. published the artcile3-Hydroxyhexan-2-one and 3-Methylthiopropan-1-ol as Pheromone Candidates for the South American Cerambycid Beetles Stizocera phtisica and Chydarteres dimidiatus dimidiatus, and Six Related Species, Computed Properties of 505-10-2, the main research area is Stizocera phtisica hydroxyhexan pheromone candidate; Aggregation-sex pheromone; Coleoptera; Hydroxyketone; Longhorned beetles; Monitoring; Semiochemistry; Structural motifs; Traps.

Here, we study the pheromone chem. of two South American cerambycid beetle species, and their behavioral responses to candidate pheromone components. Adult males of Stizocera phtisica Gounelle (subfamily Cerambycinae: tribe Elaphidiini) produced a sex-specific blend of (R)-3-hydroxyhexan-2-one with lesser amounts of 3-methylthiopropan-1-ol. In field bioassays, traps baited with racemic 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one and 3-methylthiopropan-1-ol did not catch conspecific beetles, but did catch both sexes of a sympatric species, Chydarteres dimidiatus dimidiatus (F.) (Cerambycinae: Trachyderini). We found that males of this species also produce (R)-3-hydroxyhexan-2-one and 3-methylthiopropan-1-ol, and small amounts of 2-phenylethanol. Subsequent bioassays with these compounds showed that a blend of 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one and 3-methylthiopropan-1-ol constitutes the aggregation-sex pheromone of C. d. dimidiatus, with 2-phenylethanol not influencing the attraction of conspecifics. During the field bioassays, six other species in the Cerambycinae also were caught in significant numbers, including Aglaoschema ventrale (Germar) (tribe Compsocerini), congeners Chrysoprasis aurigena (Germar), Chrysoprasis linearis Bates, and an unidentified Chrysoprasis species (Dichophyiini), and Cotyclytus curvatus (Germar) and Itaclytus olivaceus (Laporte & Gory) (both Clytini), suggesting that one or more of the compounds tested are also pheromone components for these species.

Journal of Chemical Ecology published new progress about Carpophilus dimidiatus. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Computed Properties of 505-10-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Li, Jin published the artcileElectrochemical Hydrogenation with Gaseous Ammonia, Formula: C4H10OS, the main research area is gaseous ammonia electrochem hydrogenation; ammonia; electrochemistry; hydrogen-storage material; hydrogenation; sustainable chemistry.

As a carbon-free and sustainable fuel, ammonia serves as high-energy-d. hydrogen-storage material. It is important to develop new reactions able to utilize ammonia as a hydrogen source directly. Herein, we report an electrochem. hydrogenation of alkenes, alkynes, and ketones using ammonia as the hydrogen source and carbon electrodes. A variety of heterocycles and functional groups, including for example sulfide, benzyl, benzyl carbamate, and allyl carbamate were well tolerated. Fast stepwise electron transfer and proton transfer processes were proposed to account for the transformation.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about Alkynes Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent) (electrochem. hydrogenation of). 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Formula: C4H10OS.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Mimata, Yoshiharu published the artcileExtracellular malate induces stomatal closure via direct activation of guard-cell anion channel SLAC1 and stimulation of Ca2+ signalling, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is extracellular malate stomatal closure SLAC1 direct activation calcium signalling; Arabidopsis; Ca2+ signalling; SLAC1; malate; stomata.

Plants secrete malate from guard cells to apoplast under stress conditions and exogenous malate induces stomatal closure. Malate is considered an extracellular chem. signal of stomatal closure. However, the mol. mechanism of malate-induced stomatal closure is not fully elucidated. We investigated responses of stomatal aperture, ion channels, and cytosolic Ca2+ to malate. A treatment with malate induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type plants, but not in the mutants deficient in the slow (S-type) anion channel gene SLOW ANION CHANNEL-Associated 1 (SLAC1). The treatment with malate increased S-type anion currents in guard-cell protoplasts of wild-type plants but not in the slac1 mutant. In addition, extracellular rather than intracellular application of malate increased the S-type currents of constitutively active mutants of SLAC1, which have kinase-independent activities, in a heterologous expression system using Xenopus oocytes. The treatment with malate transiently increased cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in the wild-type Arabidopsis guard cells and the malate-induced stomatal closure was inhibited by the Ca2+ channel blocker and the Ca2+ chelator. These results indicate that extracellular malate directly activates SLAC1 and simultaneously stimulates Ca2+ signalling in guard cells, resulting in steady and solid activation of SLAC1 for stomatal closure.

New Phytologist published new progress about Antisense RNA Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Yasukata, Tatsuro published the artcilePractical Synthetic Method for the Preparation of Pyrone Diesters: An Efficient Synthetic Route for the Synthesis of Dolutegravir Sodium, Name: 2,2-Dimethoxyethanamine, the main research area is pyrone diester dolutegravir sodium synthesis.

A highly efficient and practical synthetic method for the preparation of pyrone diesters was established. The pyrone diester 3c (I) can be prepared from readily available starting materials on a multihundred gram scale. The pyrone diester 3c can easily be converted to dolutegravir sodium (II.Na). The synthetic route demonstrated herein provides an efficient and atom-economical synthetic method for preparing this potent anti-HIV agent.

Organic Process Research & Development published new progress about Atom economy. 22483-09-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2,2-Dimethoxyethanamine, and the molecular formula is C4H11NO2, Name: 2,2-Dimethoxyethanamine.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Li, Rui published the artcileTreatment of azole-containing industrial wastewater by the Fenton process, Synthetic Route of 110-99-6, the main research area is treatment azole containing industrial wastewater Fenton process.

Some semiconductor fabrication processes generate high-strength wastewater that may contain high concentrations of azoles, amines, hydrogen peroxide, organic, and inorganic co-contaminants, making the treatment of this wastewater challenging. In this study, the Fenton process was utilized for the treatment of 53 mM pyrazole and 34 mM 2-(2-aminoethoxy) ethanol (known as diglycolamine, DGA) in a lab-prepared aqueous mixture containing 3.5 M hydrogen peroxide and 16 mM inorganic fluoride. The effects of operational variables for the Fenton process, such as temperature (10, 18, or 25°C), iron dosing (32.3, 37.3, or 74.5 mM), and pH (2.5, 3.0, or 3.5), on the degradation rates were investigated. The chosen variables were then used to treat wastewater from a semiconductor fabrication facility. The Fenton process was effective in treating both the lab-prepared mixture and semiconductor industrial wastewater. The degradation of pyrazole and DGA yielded a range of byproducts including inorganic ions and organic acids.

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research published new progress about Catalytic wastewater decomposition. 110-99-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2,2′-Oxydiacetic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Synthetic Route of 110-99-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Nguyen, Thuy published the artcileDiarylureas Containing 5-Membered Heterocycles as CB1 Receptor Allosteric Modulators: Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation, COA of Formula: C4H11NO2, the main research area is diarylurea heterocycle synthesis SAR cannabinoid CB1 receptor; CB1 receptor; PSNCBAM-1; allosteric modulators; diarylurea; five-membered heterocycles; structure−activity relationship.

Allosteric modulators have attracted significant interest as an alternate strategy to modulate CB1 receptor signaling for therapeutic benefits that may avoid the adverse effects associated with orthosteric ligands. Here we extended our previous structure-activity relationship studies on the diarylurea-based CB1 neg. allosteric modulators (NAMs) by introducing five-membered heterocycles to replace the 5-pyrrolidinylpyridinyl group in PSNCBAM-1 (1), one of the first generation CB1 allosteric modulators. Many of these compounds had comparable potency to 1 in blocking the CB1 agonist CP55,940 stimulated calcium mobilization and [35S]GTP-γ-S binding. Similar to 1, most compounds showed pos. cooperativity by increasing [3H]CP55,940 binding, consistent with the pos. allosteric modulator (PAM)-antagonist mechanism. Interestingly, these compounds exhibited differences in ability to increase specific binding of [3H]CP55,940 and decrease binding of the antagonist [3H]SR141716. In saturation binding studies, only increases in [3H]CP55,940 Bmax, but not Kd, were observed, suggesting that these compounds stabilize low affinity receptors into a high affinity state. Among the series, the 2-pyrrolyl analog (I) exhibited greater potency than 1 in the [35S]GTP-γ-S binding assay and significantly enhanced the maximum binding level in the [3H]CP5,5940 binding assay, indicating greater CB1 receptor affinity and/or cooperativity.

ACS Chemical Neuroscience published new progress about Central nervous system disease. 22483-09-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2,2-Dimethoxyethanamine, and the molecular formula is C4H11NO2, COA of Formula: C4H11NO2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Mengdi published the artcileCyanobacteria blooms potentially enhance volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from a eutrophic lake: Field and experimental evidence, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is cyanobacteria bloom volatile organic compound emission eutrophic lake; Cyanobacteria blooms (CBBs); Eutrophic lake; Fluxes; Life stages; Volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

Eutrophication promotes massive cyanobacteria blooms (CBBs), leading to the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). To investigate the effects of cyanobacteria on VOC emissions, field campaigns were carried out in eutrophic Chaohu Lake at six sites with different microalgae densities during CBBs in summer 2019, and incubation experiments were performed in the laboratory The results showed that the lake water was the primary source of VOCs at six sampling sites in Chaohu Lake during CBBs, with an average total VOC flux of 81.2 ± 20.6 μg m-2 h-1. Alkanes were the most abundantly emitted VOCs, with a share of 23.1-63.7% of total emitted VOCs, followed by aromatics (16.6-46.3%). The fluxes of total VOCs were significantly greater at sites B and/or C than at site A in July, and at site B′ and/or C′ than at site A′ in August in Chaohu Lake. The fluxes of total VOCs from living and decayed cyanobacteria in the exptl. treatments were two orders of magnitude higher than the corresponding values in the control treatments in the laboratory incubation. Taken together, these results suggested that CBBs potentially enhanced VOC emissions from the eutrophic lake, and that cyanobacteria acted as an important source of VOCs. Addnl., non-methane hydrocarbons (i.e., alkanes, alkenes, and aromatics) predominated among the released VOCs during the stabilization and senescence stages, while oxygenated volatile organic compounds (i.e. alcs., aldehydes, ketones, esters, and furans) prevailed during the apoptosis stage and aromatics and volatile organic sulfur compounds predominated during the decomposition stage, suggesting that VOC emissions varied markedly at different life stages.

Environmental Research published new progress about Aldehydes Role: ANT (Analyte), POL (Pollutant), ANST (Analytical Study), OCCU (Occurrence). 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts