Tag: M.W=100-150

Estrada-Orihuela, Sergio F. published the artcileLasalocid immediately and completely prevents the myocardial damage caused by coronary ischemia reperfusion in rat heart, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is lasalocid antioxidant myocardial damage coronary ischemia reperfusion; Coronary reperfusion; Heart; Lasalocid; Myocardial infarct; Myocardial ischemia.

In experiments of coronary blockade and reperfusion carried out in rat heart, it was found that when administered from 5 to 30 min prior to the induction of coronary blockade, at a concentration of 2 mg/kg of body weight, the ionophore immediately, simultaneously, and completely interrupts the blood pressure decay, cardiac frequency increase, elec. ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, as well as the fall of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and decay of mitochondrial oxygen uptake provoked by the induced myocardial injury. It appears that the mol. mode of action of the lasalocid is associated with its unique ability to transport both calcium and the catecholamines, dopamine and norepinephrine, across mitochondrial and bimol. lipid membranes, as well as through synaptic cell membrane terminals from rat heart, myocardial fibers of the heart and heart chromaffin membrane vesicles. It is suggested that for the potential medical use of lasalocid to detain incoming ischemic myocardial damage, there exists a need to develop a personal electronic device able to simultaneously monitor, detect, and inform on the very early and simultaneous signs of cardiac alterations of elec., mechano-chem., metabolic and hydraulic nature, all which precede heart failure and to administer the lasalocid.

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry published new progress about Catecholamines Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Rajput, Swapnil published the artcileSynthesis of versatile diglycolamide grafted dendritic polymer and using it as a ligand for metal partitioning, COA of Formula: C4H6O5, the main research area is dioctyl diglycolamide grafted polyamidoamine complexation metal ion.

In the present work, hexamethylene diamine based polyamidoamine dendrimer was synthesized using a divergent technique of dendrimer synthesis and then terminal groups were grafted with diglycolamide functionalities. The synthesized product was characterized and tested to act as a ligand for trivalent lanthanide ions extraction from the aqueous acidic feed. A non-radioactive lanthanide Eu (III) ion, in synthetic 3 M HNO3 acidic aqueous waste was used to study the complexation mechanism of the metal ion with synthesized ligand in toluene. D values obtained were in the range of values we get with diglycolamides.

Journal of the Indian Chemical Society published new progress about Dendrimers Role: PRP (Properties), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 110-99-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2,2′-Oxydiacetic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, COA of Formula: C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Huamani, Luis Enrique Santa Cruz published the artcileRole of Protonation and Isomerism in the Supramolecular Architectures of Heteroaryl-2-imidazole Compounds: Crystal Packing Patterns and Energetics, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is azaarylimidazole isomer crystal structure packing protonation.

The influence of isomerism and protonation on crystal packing patterns of three isomeric heteroaryl-2-imidazoles and one related compound was investigated by using single-crystal X-ray diffraction and d. functional theory. The comparison of their crystal structures helped unveil the details of the energetic balance controlling supramol. packing and an unprecedented supramol. synthon. The neutral species were featured by a whole crystal close packing like a herringbone pattern, which was mainly favored by C-H···π interactions. On the other hand, the crystal packing of the protonated species was characterized by π-stacking layers being supported by π···π and anion-π interactions. Energy framework anal. revealed that both Coulombic interactions between hydrogen bond chains and dispersion energies mainly contributed to the stabilization of the herringbone pattern assembly, whereas a predominant contribution from Coulombic energy frameworks to total energy in protonated forms was observed The different patterns displayed pieces of evidence of not only the important participation of the heteroaryl moieties in the supramol. assembly but also the significant contribution of protonation hampering the N-H···N hydrogen bonding interactions in the imidazole group. A thorough characterization of the compounds by means of thermogravimetric anal., differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy, NMR, and electrospray ionization-(+)-MS is also presented. The most characteristic crystal packing patterns of a series of N-heteroaryl-2-imidazole systems has been observed and analyzed. Neutral forms tend to pack in a herringbone pattern, whereas protonated forms tend to pack in parallel π-stacked layers. The imidazole fragments dominate the construction of the supramol. architectures through complex hydrogen bond networks. An unprecedented supramol. synthon was also found for one of the supramol. arrangements, and the energetics involved in the crystal packings was also assessed by theor. methods.

Crystal Growth & Design published new progress about Amines, salts Role: PRP (Properties), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 22483-09-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2,2-Dimethoxyethanamine, and the molecular formula is C4H11NO2, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Demiroz, Duygu published the artcileListeria monocytogenes infection rewires host metabolism with regulatory input from type I interferons, Product Details of C4H6O5, the main research area is type I interferon Listeria monocytogenes infection host metabolism.

Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is a food-borne bacterial pathogen. Innate immunity to L. monocytogenes is profoundly affected by type I interferons (IFN-I). Here we investigated host metabolism in L. monocytogenes-infected mice and its potential control by IFN-I. Accordingly, we used animals lacking either the IFN-I receptor (IFNAR) or IRF9, a subunit of ISGF3, the master regulator of IFN-I-induced genes. Transcriptomes and metabolite profiles showed that L. monocytogenes infection induces metabolic rewiring of the liver. This affects various metabolic pathways including fatty acid (FA) metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation and is partially dependent on IFN-I signaling. Livers and macrophages from Ifnar1-/- mice employ increased glutaminolysis in an IRF9-independent manner, possibly to readjust TCA metabolite levels due to reduced FA oxidation Moreover, FA oxidation inhibition provides protection from L. monocytogenes infection, explaining part of the protection of Irf9-/- and Ifnar1-/- mice. Our findings define a role of IFN-I in metabolic regulation during L. monocytogenes infection. Metabolic differences between Irf9-/- and Ifnar1-/- mice may underlie the different susceptibility of these mice against lethal infection with L. monocytogenes.

PLoS Pathogens published new progress about Animal gene, CCL2 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Product Details of C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Watson, McLane J. published the artcileMetabolic support of tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells by lactic acid, SDS of cas: 97-67-6, the main research area is antitumor regulatory T cell lactic acid metabolism melanoma.

Regulatory T (Treg) cells, although vital for immune homeostasis, also represent a major barrier to anti-cancer immunity, as the tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes the recruitment, differentiation and activity of these cells1,2. Tumor cells show deregulated metabolism, leading to a metabolite-depleted, hypoxic and acidic TME3, which places infiltrating effector T cells in competition with the tumor for metabolites and impairs their function4-6. At the same time, Treg cells maintain a strong suppression of effector T cells within the TME7,8. As previous studies suggested that Treg cells possess a distinct metabolic profile from effector T cells9-11, we hypothesized that the altered metabolic landscape of the TME and increased activity of intratumoral Treg cells are linked. Here we show that Treg cells display broad heterogeneity in their metabolism of glucose within normal and transformed tissues, and can engage an alternative metabolic pathway to maintain suppressive function and proliferation. Glucose uptake correlates with poorer suppressive function and long-term instability, and high-glucose conditions impair the function and stability of Treg cells in vitro. Treg cells instead upregulate pathways involved in the metabolism of the glycolytic byproduct lactic acid. Treg cells withstand high-lactate conditions, and treatment with lactate prevents the destabilizing effects of high-glucose conditions, generating intermediates necessary for proliferation. Deletion of MCT1-a lactate transporter-in Treg cells reveals that lactate uptake is dispensable for the function of peripheral Treg cells but required intratumorally, resulting in slowed tumor growth and an increased response to immunotherapy. Thus, Treg cells are metabolically flexible: they can use ‘alternative’ metabolites in the TME to maintain their suppressive identity. Further, our results suggest that tumors avoid destruction by not only depriving effector T cells of nutrients, but also metabolically supporting regulatory populations.

Nature (London, United Kingdom) published new progress about Animal gene, IL-2 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, SDS of cas: 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Perez, Dolores published the artcileGeneration of intra- and interspecific Saccharomyces hybrids with improved oenological and aromatic properties, Name: 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, the main research area is Saccharomyces hybrid oenol aromatic property wine.

Non-wine yeasts could enhance the aroma and organoleptic profile of wines. However, compared to wine strains, they have specific intolerances to winemaking conditions. To solve this problem, we generated intra- and interspecific hybrids using a non-GMO technique (rare-mating) in which non-wine strains of S. uvarum, S. kudriavzevii and S. cerevisiae species were crossed with a wine S. cerevisiae yeast. The hybrid that inherited the wine yeast mitochondrial showed better fermentation capacities, whereas hybrids carrying the non-wine strain mitotype reduced ethanol levels and increased glycerol, 2,3-butanediol and organic acid production Moreover, all the hybrids produced several fruity and floral aromas compared to the wine yeast: β-phenylethyl acetate, iso-Bu acetate, γ-octalactone, Et cinnamate in both varietal wines. Sc x Sk crosses produced three- to sixfold higher polyfunctional mercaptans, 4-mercapto-4-methylpentan-2-one (4MMP) and 3-mercaptohexanol (3MH). We proposed that the exceptional 3MH release observed in an S. cerevisiae x S. kudriavzevii hybrid was due to the cleavage of the non-volatile glutathione precursor (Glt-3MH) to detoxify the cell from the presence of methylglyoxal, a compound related to the high glycerol yield reached by this hybrid. In conclusion, hybrid generation allows us to obtain aromatically improved yeasts concerning their wine parent. In addition, they reduced ethanol and increased organic acids yields, which counteracts climate change effect on grapes.

Microbial Biotechnology published new progress about Carboxylic acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Name: 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Demmelmayer, Paul published the artcileReactive extraction of lactic acid from sweet sorghum silage press juice, Name: n-Octanol, the main research area is sorghum silage lactic acid equilibrium juice.

Fermentation of residues or side streams can be used to produce valuable products, such as carboxylic acids. Reactive solvent extraction is widely studied as isolation method for lactic acid from fermentation broths. Here, we investigate the reactive extraction of lactic acid from sweet sorghum silage press juice using different extractants, modifiers, and diluents. Besides a high extraction efficiency, a low crud formation with this highly complex raw material is targeted. Depending on the solvent phase composition, an extraction efficiency of up to 41.1% was reached using DOA/ALIQ:1-octanol:n-nonane. The crud layer was highly influenced by the applied diluent and amounted to 2.6-42.3 vol% of the total mixture volume The back-extraction experiments showed, that up to 98.2% of lactic acid were recovered. Summarizing, the results show that reactive solvent extraction of lactic acid is applicable to highly complex process streams, and crud formation can be reduced by adjusting the solvent phase composition

Separation and Purification Technology published new progress about Carboxylic acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Name: n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Czyrski, Andrzej published the artcileThe spectrophotometric determination of lipophilicity and dissociation constants of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, Application of n-Octanol, the main research area is ciprofloxacin levofloxacin spectrophotometry lipophilicity; Distribution; Lipophilicity; Partition coefficient; Partitioning.

Lipophilicity plays a significant role in the permeability of the drugs through cell membranes and impacts the drug activity in the human body. In this paper, the spectrophotometric method was used to determine the apparent partition coefficients of two amphoteric drugs: ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. The apparent partition coefficient was determined with the classic shake-flask method with n-octanol according to OECD guidelines. The lipophilicity profiles in a wide range of pH were determined and described quant. with the quadratic function. Basing on the macro- and microdissocn. constants, the true partition coefficient for both drugs was calculated Both levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were lipophilic. The neutral forms, i.e., zwitterionic and uncharged, dominate in the pH relevant to the one in the intestines, the place from which they are absorbed.

Spectrochimica Acta, Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy published new progress about Fluoroquinolones Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Application of n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhao, Hongyu published the artcileEffects of inoculation timing and mixed fermentation with Pichia fermentans on Oenococcus oeni viability, fermentation duration and aroma production during wine malolactic fermentation, Recommanded Product: 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, the main research area is oenococcus oeni pichia fermentan malolactic fermentation aroma production; Malolactic fermentation; Microbial interaction; Oenococcus oeni; P. fermentans; Wine aroma.

There has been a growing interest in developing co-inoculum of Oenococcus oeni and Saccharomyces cerevisiae/non-Saccharomyces for simultaneous malolactic fermentation (MLF) and alc. fermentation (AF) of wines. This study sought to elucidate the effects of two crucial factors (inoculation timing and paired yeast) on the fermentation performance and aroma production of Merlot wine. O. oeni used for MLF was concurrently or sequentially inoculated with two yeast cultures (i.e., single S. cerevisiae and mixed S. cerevisiae /Pichia fermentans H5Y-28) used for AF. Inoculation timing deternined the overall vinification duration, and conditioned the production of principle higher alcs., terpene and O. oeni-mediated volatiles. In contrast, paired yeast improved O. oeni viability, and showed significant effect on aromatic esters and volatile fatty acids. Possibly due to lower ethanol stress, co-inoculum allowed O. oeni to initiate MLF during AF, resulting in 45% reduction of total fermentation time. Meanwhile, O. oeni growth was stimulated by P. fermentans, with 1.7-fold of the maximum population higher than that in co-fermentation without P. fermentans. Such stimulation of O. oeni growth also occurred in sequential fermentation where P. fermentans had been replaced by S. cerevisiae. Only in sequential inoculum, P. fermentans induced high levels of 3-methylbutyl acetate, Et 3-methylbutanoate, Et hexanoate and Et octanoate, which may result in enhanced fresh fruity trait of wines. These findings suggested a pos. effect of P. fermentans H5Y-28 on O. oeni and MLF. This work provides an alternative approach to improve wine MLF and aroma outcomes using friendly non-Saccharomyces yeast with appropriate inoculation strategy.

Food Research International published new progress about Aromatic esters Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Recommanded Product: 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sun, Shuyang published the artcileSelection of a versatile Lactobacillus plantarum for wine production and identification and preliminary characterisation of a novel histamine-degrading enzyme, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is Lactobacillus wine histamine degrading enzyme.

In this study, a desirable and versatile Lactobacillus plantarum strain possessing great ability of L-malic acid consumption, biogenic amine degradation and resistance to wine harsh environment was obtained through successive screenings. Malolactic fermentation (MLF) in contaminated grape wine and cherry wine (supplemented with histamine, tyramine and cadaverine) conducted by this strain was finished within 24 and 18 days, resp., and the concentration of histamine, tyramine and cadaverine was decreased by over 57% following MLF. The enzyme from L. plantarum responsible for the amine degradation was purified to homogeneity by four steps including cell disruption, ammonium sulfate fractionation, an anion chromatog. and a gel filtration chromatog. Such enzyme was identified as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) after N-terminal sequence anal. and protein Blast, a tetramer enzyme with a subunit mol. weight of 36 kDa. The optimum values of pH and temperature of this enzyme were at pH 7.5 and 40°C, and stable between pH 5.5-8.5 and 30-50°C.

International Journal of Food Science and Technology published new progress about Biogenic amines Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts