Tag: M.W=100-150

Jarmuszkiewicz, Wieslawa published the artcileLung mitochondria adaptation to endurance training in rats, Name: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is lung mitochondria endurance training oxidative metabolism hypoxia; Endurance training and mitochondrial biogenesis; Hypoxia; Lung mitochondria function; Oxidative metabolism; Oxidative stress.

We elucidated the impact of eight weeks of endurance training on the oxidative metabolism of rat lungs. Adult 3.5-mo-old male rats were randomly allocated to a treadmill training group or a sedentary group as control. In the lungs, endurance training raised the expression level of the oxygen sensors hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and lysine-specific demethylase 6A (KDM6A) as well as stimulated mitochondrial oxidative capacity and mitochondrial biogenesis, while lactate dehydrogenase activity was reduced. Endurance training enhanced antioxidant systems (the coenzyme Q content and superoxide dismutase) in lung tissue but decreased them (and uncoupling protein 2) in lung mitochondria. In the lung mitochondria of trained rats, the decreased Q content and Complex I (CI) activity and the enhanced cytochrome pathway activity (CIII + CIV) may account for the diminished Q reduction level, resulting in a general decrease in H2O2 formation by mitochondria. Endurance training enhanced oxidation of glutamate and fatty acids and caused opposite effects in functional mitochondrial properties during malate and succinate oxidation, which were related to reduced activity of CI and increased activity of CII, resp. In addition, endurance training downregulated CI in supercomplexes and upregulated CIII in the CIII2+CIV supercomplex in the oxidative phosphorylation system. We concluded that the adaptive lung responses observed could be due to hypoxia and oxidative stress induced by strenuous endurance training.

Free Radical Biology & Medicine published new progress about Antioxidants. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Name: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Singh, Avtar published the artcileThreadfin bream surimi gel containing squid fin protein hydrolysate: Textural properties, acceptability, and volatile profile, Product Details of C4H10OS, the main research area is surimi gel squid fin protein hydrolyzate gelation flavor texture; flavor; protein hydrolysate; squid fin; surimi gelation; volatile compounds.

Gel properties of threadfin bream surimi gels with squid fin protein hydrolyzate (SFPH) at various concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4%; weight/weight) were determined The gel without SFPH (CON) had the highest breaking force (BrF) and deformation (DeF) as compared to those with SFPH (p < 0.05). Among the gel with SFPH, gel containing 1 and 2% SFPH (SFPH-1 and SFPH-2, resp.) had the highest BrF, whereas the lowest value was obtained when 4% SFPH was used (SFPH-4) (p < 0.05). The whiteness of all samples was slightly decreased with an upsurging amount of SFPH. However, water holding capacity was increased with augmenting levels of SFPH (p < 0.05). Sensory anal. revealed that SFPH-2 had a higher squid odor and flavor likeness score than CON (p < 0.05). Textural properties, especially hardness, were decreased with increasing SFPH, except for SFPH-1 and SFPH-2 (p > 0.05). In addition, the rheol. properties, microstructure, and volatile profile of the selected surimi gel were also studied. The storage modulus (G) of SFPH added samples was decreased as compared to the CON sample. The CON gel had a finer and more compact network as compared to SFPH-2 and SFPH-4 samples. Volatile profiles indicated that alcs., carboxylic acids, ketones, and ether were the major volatile compounds present in both gel samples. Furthermore, thiophene, 3-methyl-, contributing to squid flavor, was found in the SFPH-2 sample. Overall, SFPH at 2% could act as a flavorant in the threadfin bream surimi gel without markedly neg. impact on gelling and textural properties, while providing squid odor and flavor to the resulting gel. Practical Application : The various low-valued byproducts generated from the squid processing industry could result in various environmental problems. Those byproducts are rich in various biomols. such as proteins, fats, enzymes, and so forth, which could be utilized to produce value-added products. Among them, protein hydrolyzate (PH) rich in amino acids with excellent antioxidant properties could serve as an alternative flavorant. Therefore, PH from squid byproducts, especially fins, could be applied in foods such as fish balls, surimi gels, and so forth to enhance the nutritional and flavoring profile of a finished product. Moreover, bioactive peptides in PH with antioxidant potential could retard the oxidation of proteins and lipids.

Journal of Food Science published new progress about Antioxidants. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Product Details of C4H10OS.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wu, Yancong published the artcileZinc(II) and manganese(II) complexes with 1,3-bis(1-allylbenzimidazol-2-yl)-2-oxapropane: synthesis, crystal structures, antioxidant activities and DNA-binding properties, Computed Properties of 110-99-6, the main research area is zinc manganese allylbenzimidazolyloxapropane complex preparation crystal structure antioxidant; DNA interaction zinc manganese allylbenzimidazolyloxapropane complex.

Two new zinc(II) and manganese(II) complexes with the ligand 1,3-bis(1-allylbenzimidazol-2-yl)-2-oxopropane (aobb), with composition [Zn(aobb)2](pic)2·DMF·CH3OH and [Mn(aobb)(DMF)2(H2O)](pic)2 (pic = picrate; DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide), were synthesized and characterized by elemental anal., elec. conductivities, x-ray single-crystal diffraction, IR, and UV-visible spectra. Single-crystal x-ray revealed that Zn(II) and Mn(II) centers are both located in the six-coordinate distorted octahedral geometry. The DNA-binding modes of the ligand and the complexes were studied by electronic absorption titration, competitive binding with ethidium bromide and viscosity measurements. The exptl. evidence indicated the ligand and complexes interact with calf thymus DNA through intercalation. The binding strength follows the order >>aobb. Addnl., displays potential superoxide dismutase activity in vitro studies.

Journal of Coordination Chemistry published new progress about Antioxidants. 110-99-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2,2′-Oxydiacetic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Computed Properties of 110-99-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhang, Fan published the artcileCombined toxic effects of dioxin-like PCB77 with Fe-based nanoparticles in earthworm Eisenia fetida, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is Eisenia iron PCB77 dioxin nanoparticle toxicity; PCBs; Physiological and morphological change; Synergistic effect; Vermiremediation; nZVI.

Iron-based nanomaterials hold promise for in situ remediation of persistent halogenated contaminants such as dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls, however, their complex interactions and joint toxicity toward beneficial soil biol. functions remain unknown. This study examined the effects of nano-zero valent iron (nZVI) on the physiol. and morphol. changes, on the bioaccumulation of co-existed dioxin-like 3,3,4,4-tetrachloro-biphenyls (PCB77), and the joint toxicity of nZVI and PCB77 in earthworms Eisenia fetida. An orthogonally designed experiment was conducted through the exposure of E. fetida to the combined and sep. nZVI and PCB77 at various concentrations in soil for 28 days (nZVI at the levels of g-Fe/kg-soil and PCB77 at the levels of mg-PCB/kg-soil). Indicated that both nZVI and PCB77 inhibited the growth and reproduction of earthworms, and the combined exposure resulted in a synergistic effect. The addition of 10 g/kg nZVI decreased the contents of PCB77 and significantly increased the accumulation of PCB77 to a level ranging 14-97 mg/kg in earthworms in a nZVI dose dependent manner. The observed synergism might relate to the aggravated damage of earthworm epidermis in the presence of nZVI. PCB77 and nZVI at their corresponding high levels (10 mg/kg and 10 g/kg) induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in the earthworms through the increased levels of reactive oxygen species and the subsequent inhibition of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase and catalase. Further metabolomics analyses revealed that the normal glutamic acid metabolism and tricarboxylic acid cycle were disturbed in earthworms exposed to the combined treatment of 10 mg/kg PCB77 and 10 g/kg nZVI. Our findings suggested that earthworms as a sentinel species could be readily employed in toxicity and tolerance studies to succeed the safe applications of nZVI and interestingly earthworms themselves also hold promise for vermiremediation owing to the high bioaccumulation potential of PCBs from contaminated soils.

Science of the Total Environment published new progress about Antioxidants. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Al Ojaimi, Yara published the artcileMitochondrial bioenergetics, uncoupling protein-2 activity, and reactive oxygen species production in the small intestine of a TNBS-induced colitis rat model, Product Details of C4H6O5, the main research area is colitis reactive oxygen species mitochondrial bioenergetics small intestine; Colitis; Mitochondria; RCR; ROS; TNBS; UCP2.

Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often associated with a decrease in energy-dependent nutrient uptake across the jejunum that serves as the main site for absorption in the small intestine. This association has prompted us to investigate the bioenergetics underlying the alterations in jejunal absorption in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis in rats. We have found that mitochondrial oxygen consumption did not change in state 2 and state 3 respirations but showed an increase in state 4 respiration indicating a decrease in the respiratory control ratio of jejunal mitochondria during the peak of inflammation. This decrease in the coupling state was found to be guanosine diphosphate-sensitive, hence, implicating the involvement of uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2). Furthermore, the study has reported that the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), known to be activators of UCP2, correlated neg. with UCP2 activity. Thus, we suggest that ROS production in the jejunum might be activating UCP2 which has an antioxidant activity, and that uncoupling of the mitochondria decreases the efficiency of energy production, leading to a decrease in energy-dependent nutrient absorption. Hence, this study is the first to account for an involvement of energy production and a role for UCP2 in the absorptive abnormalities of the small intestine in animal models of colitis.

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry published new progress about Antioxidants. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Product Details of C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zou, Jing published the artcileChanges in Flavor- and Aroma-Related Fermentation Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity of Glutinous Rice Wine Supplemented with Chinese Chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume), Computed Properties of 505-10-2, the main research area is Castanea glutinous rice wine fermentation flavor aroma antioxidant.

Traditional glutinous rice wine (TGRW) has been fermented in China for over 9000 years. Recently, an innovative regional variation of TGRW, chestnut rice wine, banli mijiu (BLMJ), was developed by adding Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume) into the fermentation brew. The objective of this study was to characterize the effects of chestnut on the nutritional, aromatic, and antioxidant properties of TGRW. To compare the aromatic sensory profiles between TGRW and BLMJ, the free amino acids and Et carbamate, phenolic, and flavonoid contents were determined In addition, the antioxidant properties, including reducing power, metal chelation, and free radical scavenging activities, were also compared. A total of 98 distinct flavor components were identified in BLMJ, among which 38 were detected by sniffing instrument, compared to 77 distinct flavor components in TGRW. BLMJ thus contains a wider range of flavor components, but similar alc., acid and reducing sugar profiles compared with TGRW. Twenty-five free amino acids were detected in both wines, with lower contents of each in BLMJ compared with TGRW. BLMJ also exhibited stronger antioxidant properties than TGRW. The findings of this study suggest that chestnut can increase the diversity of aromatic components and improve antioxidant qualities of traditional rice wine.

Fermentation published new progress about Antioxidants. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Computed Properties of 505-10-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zebeljan, Aleksandra published the artcileDynamic changes in common metabolites and antioxidants during Penicillium expansum-apple fruit interactions, Safety of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is Penicillium Malus fruit decay metabolites antioxidants dynamics.

Penicillium expansum-infected apple fruit resulted in a disrupted balance of primary metabolites and impacted the ascorbate-glutathione cycle. The initial decline in fructose, malic acid, shikimic acid and total ascorbate content (6 hpi) was followed by a significant increase in malic acid (24 hpi) and total glutathione (3 dpi). Significant increase in sucrose was accompanied by a decline in glucose and ascorbate content (5 dpi). Total glutathione and shikimic acid gradually deteriorated with symptom development. A neg. correlation was found between sucrose and ascorbate-glutathione pool. Other correlations were strong amongst other metabolites and lesion size indicating that they may be involved or important for apple fruit decay.

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology published new progress about Antioxidants. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Safety of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chen, Juan published the artcileUnravelling calcium-alleviated aluminium toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana: Insights into regulatory mechanisms using proteomics, HPLC of Formula: 97-67-6, the main research area is Arabidopsis calcium aluminum toxicity proteomics; Aluminium toxicity; Calcium; Organic acid; Proteomics; Signal transduction; TCA cycle.

Here, the aim of this work was to study the role of exogenous Ca in alleviating Al toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana. For that we used the methods of physiol. and proteomics. Results showed that Ca alleviated Al-induced growth inhibition and decreased Al accumulation. Proteomic analyses showed that 75 differentially expressed protein spots, including those related to organic acid metabolism, cell wall components, cellular transport, signal transduction and antioxidant activity, transcription and protein metabolism were identified during the response of Arabidopsis to Ca alleviated Al toxicity. Ca regulated tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related protein abundances and affected organic acid concentrations and related enzyme activities under Al stress. Vacuolar and mitochondrion ATP (ATP) synthase, and cell wall component-related proteins played important roles in Ca-alleviated Al toxicity. Ethylene-insensitive 3 participated in Ca-alleviated Al toxicity. Glutathione S-transferase (GST6) and glutathione S-transferase tau 19 were associated with antioxidant activities induced by Ca under Al stress. Our results may contribute to an understanding of the functional mechanism by which Ca alleviates Al stress in plants. Our results elucidated how Ca alleviate the effects of Al toxicity on the inhibition of plant growth and Al accumulation in plants using the proteomics and physiol. methods, which may contribute to a better understanding of the mol. mechanism of Ca alleviation Al stress in plants.

Journal of Proteomics published new progress about Antioxidants. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, HPLC of Formula: 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sohani, Ali published the artcileDetermination of Hildebrand solubility parameter of pure 1-alkanols up to high pressures, COA of Formula: C8H18O, the main research area is alkanol Hildebrand solubility parameter determination monte carlo simulation.

An extended approach to determine Hildebrand solubility parameter (HISP) of pure 1-alkanols by precise calculation of the isothermal compressibility coefficient and heat capacities is proposed. The approach is introduced during its implementation for four pure polar 1-alkanols, namely 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-nonanol, and 1-decanol. Having described the approach, the prediction ability of that is compared with the previous methods for calculation of the properties. Comparisons show that for all the three mentioned properties, the proposed approach provides significantly better predictions. The mean absolute error for prediction of the isothermal compressibility coefficient, isobaric heat capacity, and HISP by the proposed approach are 1.77, 1.32, and 0.17% (for 1-heptanol), 1.54, 1.11, and 0.18% (for 1-octanol), 2.90, 0.97, and 0.28% (for 1-nonanol), and 1.39, 1.61, and 0.39% (for 1-decanol), resp. In addition to checking the accuracy of the proposed approach, to investigate the impacts of temperature and pressure as two key parameters on HISP of 1-alkanols, sensitivity analyses are conducted. The results of sensitivity analyses show that same as the non-polar substances, in the case of polar compounds, increase in pressure leads to an increase in HISP. Furthermore, when temperature does not change, HISP approaches a constant value at high pressures. Moreover, the relationship between temperature and HISP is linear.

Journal of Molecular Liquids published new progress about Heat capacity. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, COA of Formula: C8H18O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhang, Huan published the artcileExperimental investigation of heat and mass transfer in a LiBr-H2O solution falling film absorber on horizontal tubes: Comprehensive effects of tube types and surfactants, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol, the main research area is surfactant lithium bromide water solution falling film absorber tube.

This paper studied the effects of various surface geometries and surfactants on the LiBr-H2O solution falling film absorption, and the heat and mass transfer during the absorption process. Three different tubes (plain tube, floral tube and floral finned tube) were tested for the LiBr-H2O solution with two different surfactants (2-Ethyl-1-hexanol and 1-Octanol). The results indicate that the heat and mass transfer coefficients of each tube gradually decrease with solution falling down the tube bundle. It is also showed that the effect of surfactant on heat and mass transfer is obviously greater than that of tube surface geometry. Furthermore, with 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol as the surfactant, the heat and mass transfer can be improved by 400% and 350%, resp. The results of comparative study show that the heat and mass transfer performance of floral tubes with 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol is more stable and reliable than others.

Applied Thermal Engineering published new progress about Heat transfer. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts