Tag: M.W=100-150

Stankova, Pavla published the artcileAdaptation of mitochondrial substrate flux in a mouse model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Synthetic Route of 97-67-6, the main research area is mitochondrial substrate flux nonalcoholic fatty liver disease adaptation animal; mitochondria; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; oxidative phosphorylation; respirometry.

Maladaptation of mitochondrial oxidative flux seems to be a considerable feature of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this work was to induce NAFLD in mice fed a Western-style diet (WD) and to evaluate liver mitochondrial functions. Experiments were performed on male C57BL/6J mice fed with a control diet or a WD for 24 wk. Histol. changes in liver and adipose tissue as well as hepatic expression of fibrotic and inflammatory genes and proteins were evaluated. The mitochondrial respiration was assessed by high-resolution respirometry. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring lipoperoxidation, glutathione, and reactive oxygen species level. Feeding mice a WD induced adipose tissue inflammation and massive liver steatosis accompanied by mild inflammation and fibrosis. We found decreased succinate-activated mitochondrial respiration and decreased succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity in the mice fed a WD. The oxidative flux with other substrates was not affected. We observed increased ketogenic capacity, but no impact on the capacity for fatty acid oxidation We did not confirm the presence of oxidative stress. Mitochondria in this stage of the disease are adapted to increased substrate flux. However, inhibition of SDH can lead to the accumulation of succinate, an important signaling mol. associated with inflammation, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Adaptation. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Synthetic Route of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Montanha, Gabriel S. published the artcileZinc uptake from ZnSO4 (aq) and Zn-EDTA (aq) and its root-to-shoot transport in soybean plants (Glycine max) probed by time-resolved in vivo X-ray spectroscopy, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is Glycine root shoot zinc sulfate EDTA X ray spectroscopy; Chemical speciation; Micronutrient transportationin vivo kinetics; XANES; XRF; Zinc uptake.

This study investigated the dynamic of zinc (Zn) uptake and the root-to-shoot Zn-transport when supplied as ZnSO4(aq) or Zn-EDTA (aq) in soybean seedlings using in vivo X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES). The time-resolved X-ray fluorescence showed that plants absorbed ca. 10-fold more Zn from ZnSO4(aq) than from Zn-EDTA (aq). However, the uptake velocity did not influence the amount of Zn in the stem. It let furthermore appear that the plants were able to reduce the absorption of Zn from Zn-EDTA (aq) earlier than ZnSO4(aq). Thus, the entrance of Zn2+ into the roots is not necessarily accompanied by SO2-42-(aq). Regardless the source, the Zn distribution and its transport in the stem were spatially correlated to the bundles and cortex nearby the epidermal cells. Its chem. speciation showed that Zn is neither transported as ZnSO4(aq) nor as Zn-EDTA(aq), indicating that these compounds are retained in the roots or biotransformed on in the root-solution interface. Zn2+ was long-distance transported complexed by organic mols. such as histidine, malate, and citrate, and the proportion of ligands was affected by the concentration of Zn2+ in the stem rather than by the type of Zn source.

Plant Science (Shannon, Ireland) published new progress about Glycine max. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wu, Shuang published the artcileHenry’s Law Constants and Indoor Partitioning of Microbial Volatile Organic Compounds, SDS of cas: 111-87-5, the main research area is Henry law indoor microbial volatile organic compound partitioning modeling; Henry’s law constant; chemical exposure; chemical partitioning; equilibrium partitioning; indoor air quality; indoor environment; microbial volatile organic compounds.

Microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) play an essential role in many environmental fields, such as indoor air quality. Long-term exposure to odorous and toxic MVOCs can neg. affect the health of occupants. Recently, the involvement of surface reservoirs in indoor chem. has been realized, which signifies the importance of the phase partitioning of volatile organic pollutants. However, reliable partition coefficients of many MVOCs are currently lacking. Equilibrium partition coefficients, such as Henry’s law constant, H, are crucial for understanding the environmental behavior of chems. This study aims to exptl. determine the H values and their temperature dependence for key MVOCs under temperature relevant to the indoor environment. The H values were determined with the inert gas-stripping (IGS) method and variable phase ratio headspace (VPR-HS) technique. A two-dimensional partitioning model was applied to predict the indoor phase distribution of MVOCs and potential exposure pathways to the residences. The findings show that the MVOCs are likely distributed between the gas and weakly polar (e.g., organic-rich) reservoirs indoors. Temperature and the volume of reservoirs can sensitively affect indoor partitioning. Our results give a more comprehensive view of indoor chem. partitioning and exposure.

Environmental Science & Technology published new progress about Henry’s law. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, SDS of cas: 111-87-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Morales, M. L. published the artcileVolatile metabolites produced by different flor yeast strains during wine biological ageing, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is volatile metabolite yeast strain wine biol aging; Flor yeast; GC-MS analysis; Heatmap; Sherry wine; Volatile compound.

Sherry white wine called Fino is produced by dynamic biol. ageing under the action of flor yeasts using traditional practices aimed at ensuring uniform quality and characteristics over time. These kinds of yeasts provide typical sensory properties to Fino wines. Although there are studies of the volatile composition of these wines submitted to biol. ageing in wood barrels, there is a lack of knowledge on the particular volatile profile produced by different flor yeast strains from Sherry zone wineries. For this reason, the aim of this study was to analyze the volatile profiles produced by 15 pure culture flor velum yeasts, with the goal of observing their suitability for obtaining high quality Fino sherry wines. Volatile composition was determined by dual sequential stir bar sorptive extraction, followed by GC-MS anal. All yeast strains studied produced the increase of most acetals, highlighting acetaldehyde diethylacetal which was the compound that most increased. Among terpenes, nerolidol and farnesol underwent remarkable increases. However, results showed that in a month of biol. ageing, significant differences were observed among the volatile metabolites produced by flor yeast strains studied. Only some of them stood out for their high production of volatile compounds characteristic of Sherry Fino wines, which are good candidates for producing starter cultures.

Food Research International published new progress about Metabolites. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Mech, Paulina published the artcileWhen biomolecules meet 2-hydrazinopyrazine: from theory through experiment to molecular levels using a wide spectrum of techniques, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol, the main research area is hydrazinopyrazine structure physicochem cytotoxic property.

The design of drug structures that are non-toxic, easily transported and permeable to cellular barriers is currently one of the most growing research trends. Indeed, the structural similarity of 2-hydrazinopyrazine (2HP) to pyrazinamide, which has been successfully used in anti-tuberculosis therapy, makes 2HP a promising research object. Thus, herein, a complete anal. of the structure of 2HP and its physicochem. and cytotoxic properties was performed. Calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) binding studies were conducted, which demonstrated the higher affinity of 2HP to BSA. Furthermore, cytotoxicity tests were performed, which proved that 2HP was non-toxic to human skin keratinocyte cells. Accordingly, 2HP was initially classified as a compound with potential application. Physicochem. investigations were performed using a wide range of experiments, which were supported by DFT calculations using the B3LYP functional and 6-311+G** basis set. The good correlation, high quality and correctness of the obtained parameters were proven although the data was obtained using independent techniques. Addnl., 42 tautomeric (prototrophic) forms of 2HP were found by searching the conformational hyperspace. The most energy stable 2HP conformer structure and the partial charge distribution were established. The preferred 2HP ionic forms preferred were presented, and models of the equilibrium occurring in aqueous solution were proposed. The hydrophilic character of 2HP was established based on the partition coefficient values determined by both experiment and theory. The PCM and SMD solvent models of water and n-octanol were used.

RSC Advances published new progress about Absorption. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Huang, Lijie published the artcilePreparation and properties of cassava residue cellulose nanofibril/cassava starch composite films, Application of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is cellulose nanofibril cassava starch nanocomposite film preparation property; cassava residue; cassava starch; cellulose nanofibril; composite film; modified; nanocomposite.

Because of its non-toxic, pollution-free, and low-cost advantages, environmentally-friendly packaging is receiving widespread attention. However, using simple technol. to prepare environmentally-friendly packaging with excellent comprehensive performance is a difficult problem faced by the world. This paper reports a very simple and environmentally-friendly method. The hydroxyl groups of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) were modified by introducing malic acid and the silane coupling agent KH-550, and the modified CNF were added to cassava starch as a reinforcing agent to prepare film with excellent mech., hydrophobic, and barrier properties. In addition, due to the addition of malic acid and a silane coupling agent, the dispersibility and thermal stability of the modified CNFs became significantly better. By adjusting the order of adding the modifiers, the hydrophobicity of the CNFs and thermal stability were increased by 53.5% and 36.9% ± 2.7%, resp. At the same time, the addition of modified CNFs increased the tensile strength, hydrophobicity, and water vapor transmission coefficient of the starch-based composite films by 1034%, 129.4%, and 35.95%, resp. This material can be widely used in the packaging of food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and medical consumables.

Nanomaterials published new progress about Absorption. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Application of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tang, Sheng published the artcileDye adsorption by self-recoverable, adjustable amphiphilic graphene aerogel, Computed Properties of 111-87-5, the main research area is selfrecoverable adjustable amphiphilic graphene aerogel dye adsorption; Adjustable amphiphilic; Dye adsorption; Graphene aerogel; Self-recoverable.

A type of self-recoverable, adjustable amphiphilic graphene aerogel (GA) was prepared and applied to the dye adsorption. The GA with polyvinyl alc. (PVA) as its crosslinking agent has the characteristics of adjustable amphiphilicity. By adjusting the PVA content in GA, the later can be used to adsorb dyes with different hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties. Four kinds of dyes (Malachite green, Rhodamine B, Methylene blue and Methyl orange) were applied as targets and the saturated adsorption amounts were calculated The Langmuir adsorption model and the Lagrange pseudo-second-order equation math. model were used to study the behavior of dye adsorption by GA, and the exptl. data was in full compliance with the math. models. The excellent mech. properties (compressibility and recoverability) make the GA suitable for dye adsorption. A computational simulation was also performed to verify the adsorption energy of GA to dyes. The GA was able to retain 89.5% of its initial removal efficiency (for malachite green) after 10 cycles of application.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science published new progress about Absorption. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Computed Properties of 111-87-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Alshahrani, Saeed published the artcileEffect of thymoquinone on high fat diet and STZ-induced experimental type 2 diabetes: A mechanistic insight by in vivo and in silico studies, Synthetic Route of 111-87-5, the main research area is thymoquinone high fat diet streptozotocin diabetes mol docking; dipeptidyl peptidase IV; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ; streptozotocin; thymoquinone.

The aim was to investigate whether thymoquinone (TQ) attenuates hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance in exptl. type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was induced by injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 40 mg/kg) in high fat diet (HFD) rats. The levels of glucose, insulin, area under curve (AUC) of glucose, lipid profile parameters, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), and dipeptidyl peptidase peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) were evaluated in HFD + STZ-induced type 2 diabetic rats. TQ treatment significantly reduced elevated levels of glucose, AUC of glucose, insulin, and DPP-IV in diabetic-treated groups. In addition, TQ treatment significantly reduced high levels of triglycerides (TG) and cholesterols (total, low-d. and very low-d. lipoprotein) accompanied by significant augmentation in high-d. lipoprotein (HDL) levels in diabetic-treated groups. However, TQ treatment significantly improved insulin sensitivity in diabetic-treated groups, which was confirmed by increased level of PPARγa; and decreased level of HOMA-IR. Mol. docking of TQ exhibited substantial binding affinity with PPARγ and DPP-IV target proteins, which is supported by in vivo results. These results demonstrate that TQ attenuates hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance by counteracting hyperinsulinemia, improving lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, and inhibiting DPP-IV. T2DM results in relentless hyperglycemia which eventually progress to a state of insulin resistance. TQ is an active principle compound found in Nigella sative seed, having myriad of traditional medicinal values. Administration of TQ significantly prevented hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and inhibited DPP-IV in exptl. type 2 diabetes. The in vivo results are also supported by mol. docking study of PPARγ and DPP-IV target proteins. Thus, we hypothesize that TQ can be used as an alternative natural drug in the management of hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance in T2DM.

Journal of Food Biochemistry published new progress about Absorption. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Synthetic Route of 111-87-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Craven, John published the artcileRhodopseudomonas palustris-based conversion of organic acids to hydrogen using plasmonic nanoparticles and near-infrared light, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is organic acid hydrogen Rhodopseudomonas palustris conversion plasmonic nanoparticle.

The simultaneous elimination of organic waste and the production of clean fuels will have an immense impact on both the society and the industrial manufacturing sector. The enhanced understanding of the interface between nanoparticles and photo-responsive bacteria will further advance the knowledge of their interactions with biol. systems. Although literature shows the production of gases by photobacteria, herein, we demonstrated the integration of photonics, biol., and nanostructured plasmonic materials for hydrogen production with a lower greenhouse CO2 gas content at quantified light energy intensity and wavelength. Phototrophic purple non-sulfur bacteria were able to generate hydrogen as a byproduct of nitrogen fixation using the energy absorbed from visible and near-IR (NIR) light. This type of biol. hydrogen production has suffered from low efficiency of converting light energy into hydrogen in part due to light sources that do not exploit the organisms’ capacity for NIR absorption. We used NIR light sources and optically resonant gold-silica core-shell nanoparticles to increase the light utilization of the bacteria to convert waste organic acids such as acetic and maleic acids to hydrogen. The batch growth studies for the small cultures (40 mL) of Rhodopseudomonas palustris demonstrated >2.5-fold increase in hydrogen production when grown under an NIR source (167 ± 18μmol H2) compared to that for a broad-band light source (60 ± 6μmol H2) at equal light intensity (130 W m-2). The addition of the mPEG-coated optically resonant gold-silica core-shell nanoparticles in the solution further improved the hydrogen production from 167 ± 18 to 398 ± 108μmol H2 at 130 W m-2. The average hydrogen production rate with the nanoparticles was 127 ± 35μmol L-1 h-1 at 130 W m-2.

RSC Advances published new progress about Absorption. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Strubbe-Rivera, Jasiel O. published the artcileThe mitochondrial permeability transition phenomenon elucidated by cryo-EM reveals the genuine impact of calcium overload on mitochondrial structure and function, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is calcium overload mitochondrial permeability transition structure cryogenic electron microscopy.

Mitochondria have a remarkable ability to uptake and store massive amounts of calcium. However, the consequences of massive calcium accumulation remain enigmatic. In the present study, we analyzed a series of time-course experiments to identify the sequence of events that occur in a population of guinea pig cardiac mitochondria exposed to excessive calcium overload that cause mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). By analyzing coincident structural and functional data, we determined that excessive calcium overload is associated with large calcium phosphate granules and inner membrane fragmentation, which explains the extent of mitochondrial dysfunction. This data also reveals a novel mechanism for cyclosporin A, an inhibitor of MPT, in which it preserves cristae despite the presence of massive calcium phosphate granules in the matrix. Overall, these findings establish a mechanism of calcium-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and the impact of calcium regulation on mitochondrial structure and function.

Scientific Reports published new progress about Absorption. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts