Tag: M.W=100-150

Waheed, K. published the artcileDiglycolamide Based Mono and Di-Ionic Liquids Having Imidazolium Cation for Effective Extraction and Separation of Pb(II) and Co(II), Recommanded Product: 2,2′-Oxydiacetic acid, the main research area is lead cobalt diglycolamide ionic liquid imidazolium cation extraction separation.

Two glycolamide based functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) having imidazolium cations namely LI (mono-ionic) and LII (di-ionic) were synthesized for the extraction of Pb(II) and Co(II) from waste water. The synthesized ligands were characterized by FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. The extraction efficiency of both mono- and di-ionic liquids was evaluated in terms of contact time, pH of the aqueous phase and metal ion concentration The metal extraction was carried out at various pH values viz. 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 whereas, at contact time of 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 min. The optimized pH of 4 and equilibration time of 75 min was further utilized for extraction at various metal ions concentration (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ppm). LI exhibited low equilibration time as compared to LII whereas, both ligands showed maximum extraction at a pH of 4. A very high extraction efficiency of up to 99% for both metals was observed with LI and LII under optimized conditions. In addition to that effective separation of Co(II) and Pb(II) was observed at pH 10.

Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry published new progress about Extraction. 110-99-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2,2′-Oxydiacetic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Recommanded Product: 2,2′-Oxydiacetic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Roncal, Tomas published the artcilePurification and concentration of formic acid from formic acid/gluconic acid mixtures by two successive steps of nanofiltration and reactive liquid-liquid extraction, COA of Formula: C8H18O, the main research area is purification concentration formic gluconic acid mixture nanofiltration reactive extraction.

A downstream process for the purification and concentration of formic acid (FA) from FA/gluconic acid (GA) mixtures, obtainable by a coupled biocatalytic reaction of CO2 reduction and glucose oxidation, has been developed. The process involved two technologies: (i) a first nanofiltration (NF) step to sep. FA and GA, and (ii) a second reactive liquid-liquid extraction (RLLE) step to concentrate FA. The NF process, using a Synder NFX membrane, consisted of three NF steps separated into two divergent lines, named permeate and retentate pathways. The first NF was common for both pathways, resulting in a permeate strongly enriched in FA and depleted in GA, and a retentate with opposite characteristics. In the permeate pathway, this first permeate was subjected to a second NF to obtain a 99.6% pure FA permeate. In the retentate pathway, an addnl. NF step on the first retentate resulted in a concentrated 99.4% pure GA retentate. The final diluted FA permeate was concentrated by RLLE using tri-N-octylamine as extractant in n-octanol, and a final back-extraction with NaOH. The optimized RLLE process involved a 100-fold volume decrease and resulted in a final FA solution (as sodium formate) of 174.5 g/L, 78 times more concentrated than the feed.

Separation and Purification Technology published new progress about Extraction. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, COA of Formula: C8H18O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Uslu, Hasan published the artcileExtraction of Propionic Acid from Aqueous Solutions Using Tri-n-octylphosphine Oxide and Dioctylamine in Different Solvents, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol, the main research area is propionic acid extraction TOPO dioctylamine mixture solvent.

This work examines the reactive extraction of propionic acid, a promising liquid-liquid extraction technique, using tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) or dioctylamine (DOA) diluted with eight different solvents (n-octane, Me iso-Bu ketone (MIBK), 1-octanol, Et Me ketone, diisobutyl ketone, n-decane, di-Et sabecate, 1-decanol) at 298.15 K to determine the most efficient mixture for the extraction processes. A phosphorous-based extractant, TOPO, has been chosen for the extraction tests since it has low water solvency and is more ecol. agreeable than the amine-type extractants. Among the other amine extractants reported in reactive extraction studies, there is no study on propionic acid extraction using DOA in the literature. Phys. extraction experiments with pure solvents were also performed to analyze the effect of TOPO and DOA on the extraction process. Distribution coefficients, loading factors, and extraction yields of the processes were determined for the explanation of the results. It was concluded that the addition of TOPO or DOA to the organic phase significantly improves the extraction of propionic acid from its aqueous media. The extraction of propionic acid, using the binary solutions of TOPO/diluent or DOA/diluent, improves with an increase in the initial TOPO or DOA concentration The highest extraction yield, E% = 98.01, was achieved with the DOA + Me iso-Bu ketone (MIBK) extractant system (1.652 mol kg-1), with a distribution coefficient of KD= 49.352; thus, the use of the DOA/methyl iso-Bu ketone system in the organic phase is suggested for the propionic acid extraction methods.

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data published new progress about Extraction. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kloetzer, Lenuta published the artcileSeparation of fumaric acid by amine extraction without and with 1-octanol as phase modifier, Formula: C8H18O, the main research area is fumaric acid reactive extraction Amberlite LA2 amine octanol modifier.

The aim of the current experiments was to study the reactive extraction of fumaric acid using Amberlite LA-2 and to comparatively analyze the influences of the process parameters (pH-value of aqueous phase, extractant concentration, and organic phase polarity) on the separation performances for the extraction systems with and without 1-octanol. Also, original equations describing the influence of extractant concentration on distribution coefficient were proposed. The results indicated that the mechanism of the interfacial reaction between acid FA(COOH)2 and extractant (Q) is controlled by the organic phase polarity and the pH-value of aqueous phase plays an important role on extraction efficiency. Thus, the structure of the extracted complexes, in the absence of 1-octanol, are FA(COOH)2Q2 for n-heptane and FA(COOH)2Q for dichloromethane. The addition of 1-octanol modified only the structure of complexes extracted in n-heptane to FA(COOH)2Q. The pos. effect of 1-octanol on extraction efficiency was quantified by means of the amplification factor, its maximum values being 2.8 for dichloromethane, and 2.48 for n-heptane. The extraction mechanism influences also the value of the extraction constant, the highest value, KE = 1.31 ·103 (L2·mol-2), was obtained for lower polarity of the organic phase, namely n-heptane.

Separation and Purification Technology published new progress about Extraction. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Formula: C8H18O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhang, Xinyi published the artcileChanges in Red Wine Composition during Bottle Aging: Impacts of Grape Variety, Vineyard Location, Maturity, and Oxygen Availability during Aging, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is grape maturity vineyard oxygen red wine bottle aging; grape maturity; grape variety; oxygen availability; red wine composition evolution; vineyard location.

This work investigated the influence of grape variety, vineyard location, and grape harvest maturity, combined with different oxygen availability treatments, on red wine composition during bottle aging. Chemometric anal. of wine compositional data (i.e., wine color parameters, SO2, metals, and volatile compounds) demonstrated that the wine samples could be differentiated according to the different viticultural or bottle-aging factors. Grape variety, vineyard location, and grape maturity showed greater influence on wine composition than bottle-aging conditions. For most measured wine compositional variables, the evolution patterns adopted from the viticultural factors were not altered by oxygen availability treatment. However, contrasting evolution patterns for some variables were observed according to specific viticultural factors, with examples including di-Me sulfide, phenylacetaldehyde, maltol, and β-damascenone for vineyard locations, 2-methylbutanal, 1,4-cineole, and linalool for grape variety, and methanethiol, methional, and homofuraneol for grape maturity.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry published new progress about Food aging. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Pereira, Filipa published the artcileModel-guided development of an evolutionarily stable yeast chassis, Quality Control of 97-67-6, the main research area is transcriptome proteome metabolome succinate fumarate malate dehydrogenase Saccharomyces; adaptive laboratory evolution; chassis cell; metabolic engineering; multi-objective optimization; systems biology.

First-principle metabolic modeling holds potential for designing microbial chassis that are resilient against phenotype reversal due to adaptive mutations. Yet, the theory of model-based chassis design has rarely been put to rigorous exptl. test. Here, we report the development of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chassis strains for dicarboxylic acid production using genome-scale metabolic modeling. The chassis strains, albeit geared for higher flux towards succinate, fumarate and malate, do not appreciably secrete these metabolites. As predicted by the model, introducing product-specific TCA cycle disruptions resulted in the secretion of the corresponding acid. Adaptive laboratory evolution further improved production of succinate and fumarate, demonstrating the evolutionary robustness of the engineered cells. In the case of malate, multi-omics anal. revealed a flux bypass at peroxisomal malate dehydrogenase that was missing in the yeast metabolic model. In all three cases, flux balance anal. integrating transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics data confirmed the flux re-routing predicted by the model. Taken together, our modeling and exptl. results have implications for the computer-aided design of microbial cell factories.

Molecular Systems Biology published new progress about Metabolome. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Quality Control of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Christian, Arias-Reyes published the artcileNADH-linked mitochondrial respiration in the developing mouse brain is sex-, age- and tissue-dependent, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6, the main research area is NADH ATP synthase brainstem cortex sexual dimorphism oxidative phosphorylation; Brain development; Brainstem; Mice; Mitochondria; Sex dimorphism; cortex.

Mitochondria play a major role in the brain. In this work, we collected samples of brainstem and cortex of mice at postnatal ages 3 (P3), 21 (P21), and at adulthood (3 mo old) and evaluated the mitochondrial oxygen consumption after complex I activation. To do so, we used our oxygraph-2 K system (OROBOROS) that measures the mitochondrial bioenergetics in saponin-permeabilized tissue punches of 2 mg weight Furthermore, as sex dimorphism in the brain occurs since very early stages of development, we performed experiments in brain samples of male and female mice. Accordingly, the mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was evaluated under activation of complex I (NADH-linked respiration – mitochondrial state 3), and during the inhibition of the complex V (ATP synthase) with oligomycin (mitochondrial state 4). In following, the respiratory control ratio (RCR – state 3/state4) was calculated as an index of mitochondrial oxidative-phosphorylation coupling. Our results show that the activity of the mitochondrial complex I in the brain increases along with the postnatal development in a sex- and tissue-dependent manner, with males showing higher activity than females, and with brainstem tissue showing higher activity than cortex. Our data may contribute to a better understanding of the sex-dependent maturation of the cortex and the cardiorespiratory network located in the brainstem.

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology published new progress about Brain stem. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhao, Cong published the artcileCharacterization of key aroma compounds in pixian broad bean paste through the molecular sensory science technique, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is pixian broad bean paste key aroma compound mol sensory.

The Pixian broad bean paste (PBBP) is widely welcomed by consumers in China due to its unique aroma. The objective of this study was to characterize the key aroma of PBBP. The aromas of PBBP were fractionated by normal phase-liquid chromatog. (NP-LC) and detected and identified by gas chromatog.-olfactory (GC-O) coupled with gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and quantitated by stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE). The results showed that 58 aroma-active compounds were identified in PBBP, of which acids and phenolics had the highest concentration, and 39 odorants were demonstrated as important odorants. Besides, aroma recombination tests and statistical anal. showed that the original PBBP and recombinant have no significant difference in sweat/sour, roasted, and floral attributes, proving that this study successfully simulated the typical aroma of PBBP. The omission tests demonstrated 4-ethylguaiacol and 4-vinylguaiacol as the key odorants and revealed the significance of sotolon, 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone (HDMF), the entire class of phenolics, and the entire class of acids, particularly acetic acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, 4-methylpentanoic acid may have a synergistic effect, for the overall aroma of the PBBP.

LWT–Food Science and Technology published new progress about Broad bean. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Manko, B. O. published the artcileAdaptive respiratory response of rat pancreatic acinar cells to mitochondrial membrane depolarization, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is pancreatic acinar cell mitochondrial membrane depolarization adaptive respiratory response.

The dependence of uncoupled respiratory capacity of intact pancreatic acini on oxidative substrate supply and functional cell state has not yet been studied in detail. In this study, the respiratory responses of isolated pancreatic acini to FCCP were measured with Clark electrode and mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed with rhodamine123 fluorescence. The response of acini to FCCP was characterized with maximal uncoupled respiration rate, optimal FCCP concentration, respiration acceleration and deceleration. Maximal uncoupled respiration rate substantially increased upon the oxidation of glucose + glutamine (3.03 ± 0.54 r.u.), glucose + glutamine + pyruvate (2.82 ± 0.51 r.u.), glucose + isocitrate (2.71 ± 0.33 r.u.), glucose + malate (2.75 ± 0.38 r.u.), glucose + monomethyl-succinate (2.64 ± 0.42 r.u.) or glucose + dimethyl-α-ketoglutarate (2.36 ± 0.33 r.u.) comparing to glucose alone (1.73-2.02 r.u.) or no substrate (1.76 – 0.33 r.u.). The optimal FCCP concentration was the highest (1.75 μM) upon glucose + glutamine + pyruvate combination and the lowest (0.5 μM) upon glutamate, combinations of glucose with isocitrate, malate, succinate or α-ketoglutarate. Respiration acceleration after FCCP application was the highest with dimethyl-α-ketoglutarate. Following the peak respiration, time-dependent deceleration was observed It increased with FCCP concentration and depended on oxidative substrate type. Deceleration was the highest upon malate or isocitrate oxidation but was not observed in case of glutamine or dimethyl-α-ketoglutarate oxidation Pyruvate alone or in combination with glutamine and glucose significantly decreased the depolarizing effect of FCCP on mitochondrial membrane potential and increased respiration elasticity coefficient with respect to the membrane potential change. Thus, in pancreatic acinar cells, the combination of pyruvate, glutamine and glucose enables the optimal adaptive respiratory response to membrane depolarization.

Ukrainian Biochemical Journal published new progress about Catabolism. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dubinin, Mikhail V. published the artcileEffect of hypothermia on the functional activity of liver mitochondria of grass snake (Natrix natrix): inhibition of succinate-fueled respiration and K+ transport, ROS-induced activation of mitochondrial permeability transition, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6, the main research area is Natrix succinate respiration liver mitochondria permeability transition; Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial pore; Fatty acids; Grass snake; Hibernation; Hypothermia; Liver mitochondria; Potassium ions; Reactive oxygen species.

The article considers the comparative anal. of the functional activity of mitochondria isolated from the liver of grass snakes, Natrix natrix (Linnaeus, 1758) that were kept at different temperatures (23-26°C and 4-5°C). It was found that liver mitochondria of hypothermia-exposed grass snakes are characterized by weak coupling of oxidative phosphorylation as compared to mitochondria of active animals which is caused by inhibition of succinate-fuelled respiration in ADP-stimulated state, as well as by activation of basal non-phosphorylating rate. Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration in hibernating animals is associated with a decrease in the activity of the respiratory chain complexes of organelles. Under these conditions, a decrease in the calcium capacity of the organelles was also revealed, which indicates a decrease in the resistance of the mitochondria of hibernating animals to the induction of the Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial pore. All these changes in the functional activity of mitochondria are observed on the background of increasing H2O2 production as well as increasing the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids in phospholipid composition of mitochondrial membranes, which are the targets of reactive oxygen species. It can lead to increased formation of lipid peroxides and activation of destructive processes associated with the induction of Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial pore.

Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes published new progress about Cell death. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts