Tag: 200-300

Toxicity screening of bisphenol A replacement compounds: cytotoxicity and mRNA expression in LMH 3D spheroids was written by Sharin, Tasnia;Crump, Doug;O’Brien, Jason M.. And the article was included in Environmental Science and Pollution Research in 2022.Computed Properties of C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Previously, we showed that the chicken LMH cell line cultured as 3D spheroids may be a suitable animal free alternative to primary chicken embryonic hepatocytes (CEH) for avian in vitro chem. screening. In this study, cytotoxicity and mRNA expression were determined in LMH 3D spheroids following exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), five BPA replacement compounds (BPF, TGSH, DD-70, BPAF, BPSIP), and 17βestradiol (E2). Results were compared to an earlier study that evaluated the same endpoints for these chems. in CEH. BPA and the replacement compounds had LC50 values ranging from 16.6 to 81.8μM; DD-70 and BPAF were the most cytotoxic replacements (LC50 = 17.23 ± 4.51 and 16.6 ± 4.78μM). TGSH and DD-70 modulated the greatest number of genes, although fewer than observed in CEH. Based on the expression of apovitellenin and vitellogenin, BPAF was the most estrogenic compound followed by BPF, BPSIP, and BPA. More estrogen-responsive genes were modulated in LMH spheroids compared to CEH. Concentration-dependent gene expression revealed that DD-70 and BPAF altered genes related to lipid and bile acid regulation. Overall, cytotoxicity and clustering of replacements based on gene expression profiles were similar between LMH spheroids and CEH. In addition to generating novel gene expression data for five BPA replacement compounds in an in vitro avian model, this research demonstrates that LMH spheroids may represent a useful animal free alternative for avian toxicity testing. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Computed Properties of C13H12O2).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Computed Properties of C13H12O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Application of an Escherichia coli triple reporter strain for at-line monitoring of single-cell physiology during L-phenylalanine production was written by Hoang, Manh Dat;Doan, Dieu Thi;Schmidt, Marlen;Kranz, Harald;Kremling, Andreas;Heins, Anna-Lena. And the article was included in Engineering in Life Sciences.Electric Literature of C9H18O5S The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Biotechnol. production processes are sustainable approaches for the production of biobased components such as amino acids for food and feed industry. Scale-up from ideal lab-scale bioreactors to large-scale processes is often accompanied by loss in productivity. This may be related to population heterogeneities of cells originating from isogenic cultures that arise due to dynamic non-ideal conditions in the bioreactor. To better understand this phenomenon, deeper insights into single-cell physiologies in bioprocesses are mandatory before scale-up. Here, a triple reporter strain (3RP) was developed by chromosomally integrating the fluorescent proteins mEmerald, CyOFP1, and mTagBFP2 into the L-phenylalanine producing Escherichia coli strain FUS4 (pF81_kan) to allow monitoring of growth, oxygen availability, and general stress response of the single cells. Functionality of the 3RP was confirmed in well-mixed lab-scale fed-batch processes with glycerol as carbon source in comparison to the strain without fluorescent proteins, leading to no difference in process performance. Fluorescence levels could successfully reflect the course of related process state variables, revealed population heterogeneities during the transition between different process phases and potentially subpopulations that exhibit superior process performance. Furthermore, indications were found for noise in gene expression as regulation strategy against environmental perturbation. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Electric Literature of C9H18O5S).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Electric Literature of C9H18O5S

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Three-dimensional (3D) thermal controlled polymer for simplified dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction in phthalic acid easters detection of straw was written by Liu, Qian;Wei, Liulin;Chen, Xiaomei;Xu, Yidong;Gao, Xueyun;Zhao, Jingchan. And the article was included in Microchemical Journal in 2022.Product Details of 620-92-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) polyfunctional group and thermal controlled polymer p(POSS-co-DMAEMA) was prepared based on the chem. structure of the phthalic acid easters (PAEs) and applied as an extractant for dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) in combination with HPLC-UV. The polymer with good biocompatibility can be dispersed and aggregated by shaking and heating based on the thermal controlled properties without the assistance of instruments, which shortened the DLLME process as low as 5 min. The feasibility of the developed method was verified using 5 PAEs as targets in simulated water samples, which showed good precision (RSD%, 1.3-10.0, n = 3) and low detection limit (0.19-0.52 ng mL-1) under the optimal extraction conditions. This proposed method was successfully applied in analyzing four straws and good spiked recoveries over the range of 91.60-128.00% were obtained. Furthermore, mol. docking was employed to explore the mol. interactions and calculate binding energies between the polymer and organic pollutants, ensuring the synthesized polymer has a strong extraction ability for PAEs. The satisfied extraction efficiency can be attributed to the fact that the p(POSS-co-DMAEMA) is water-soluble at room temperature but hydrophobic at high temperature, and the high extraction ability can be achieved by the strong intermol. forces between the polymer and PAEs. The exptl. results suggest that the proposed method holds good promise for the trace anal. of PAEs. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Product Details of 620-92-8).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Product Details of 620-92-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Development of magnetic particle-based chemiluminescence immunoassay for measurement of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein was written by Xu, Ye;Xia, Chuan;Zeng, Xuan;Qiu, Yilan;Liao, Minjing;Jiang, Qing;Quan, Meifang;Liu, Rushi. And the article was included in Journal of Virological Methods in 2022.Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Recently, the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection has spread rapidly around the world, becoming a new global pandemic disease. Nucleic acid detection is the primary method for clin. diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, with the addition of antibody and antigen detection. Nucleocapsid protein (NP) is a kind of conservative structural protein with abundant expression during SARS-CoV-2 infection, which makes it an ideal target for immunoassay. The coding sequence for SARS-CoV-2-NP was obtained by chem. synthesis, and then inserted into pET28a(+). The soluble recombinant NP (rNP) with an estimated mol. weight of 49.4 kDa was expressed in E. coli cells after IPTG induction. Six-week-old BALB/c mice were immunized with rNP, and then their spleen cells were fused with SP2/0 cells, to develop hybridoma cell lines that stably secreted monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against NP. The mAbs were preliminarily evaluated by ELISA (ELISA), and then used to develop a magnetic particle-based chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) for measurement of SARS-CoV-2-NP. MAb 15B1 and mAb 18G10 were selected as capture and detection antibody resp. to develop CLEIA, due to the highest sensitivity for rNP detection. The proposed CLEIA presented a good linearity for rNP detection at a working range from 0.1 to 160μg/L, with a precision coefficient of variance below 10%. The newly developed mAbs and CLEIA can serve as potential diagnostic tools for clin. measurement of SARS-CoV-2-NP. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Metabolic characterization of hemolymph in Bombyx mori varieties after Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus infection by GC-MS-based metabolite profiling was written by Qian, Heying;Guo, Huimin;Zhang, Xiao;Liu, Mingzhu;Zhao, Guodong;Xu, Anying;Li, Gang. And the article was included in Archives of Virology in 2022.Computed Properties of C9H18O5S The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The “Huakang 2” silkworm variety, bred by the Sericulture Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, is highly resistant to Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) and effectively solves the issue of frequent Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis in sericultural production The mol. mechanism of its resistance to BmNPV, however, is still unknown. The purpose of the present study was therefore to identify these anti-BmNPV mechanisms by using metabolomics in combination with transcriptomics after s.c. injection of budded virus (BV) with high concentrations of BmNPV from specimens of the Baiyu N variety (which is highly resistant to BmNPV) and the Baiyu variety (which is sensitive to BmNPV). A total of 375 differential metabolites were identified, which mainly included sugars, acids, amines, alcs., glycosides, and other small mols. KEGG enrichment anal. and functional clustering of differential metabolites identified possible metabolic pathways, including tyrosine metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified by transcriptome anal. were annotated in KEGG. Association anal. showed that the metabolic pathways of different silkworm varieties are affected differently by BmNPV infection, triggering a series of complex physiol. and biochem. changes in the organism. In particular, oxidative phosphorylation might be an essential pathway involved in regulation of disease resistance. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Computed Properties of C9H18O5S).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Computed Properties of C9H18O5S

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Improved antimicrobial spectrum of the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase from Latilactobacillus sakei upon LysM domain deletion was written by Lopez-Arvizu, Adriana;Rocha-Mendoza, Diana;Farres, Amelia;Ponce-Alquicira, Edith;Garcia-Cano, Israel. And the article was included in World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology in 2021.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The gene encoding N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase in Latilactobacillus sakei isolated from a fermented meat product was cloned in two forms: its complete sequence (AmiC) and a truncated sequence without one of its anchoring LysM domains (AmiLysM4). The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of LysM domain deletion on antibacterial activity as well the biochem. characterization of each recombinant protein. AmiC and AmiLysM4 were expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. Using a zymog. method, two bands with lytic activity were observed, which were confirmed by LC-MS/MS anal., with mol. masses of 71 kDa (AmiC) and 66 kDa (AmiLysM4). The recombinant proteins were active against Listeria innocua and Staphylococcus aureus strains. The inhibitory spectrum of AmiLysM4 was broader than AmiC as it showed inhibition of Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Weissella viridescens, both microorganisms associated with food decomposition Optimal temperature and pH values were determined for both proteins using L-alanine-p-nitroanilide hydrochloride as a substrate for N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase activity. Both proteins showed similar maximum activity values for pH (8) and temperature (50°C). Furthermore, structural predictions did not show differences for the catalytic region, but differences were found for the region called 2dom-AmiLysM4, which includes 4 of the 5 LysM domains. Therefore, modification of the LysM domain offers new tools for the development of novel food biopreservatives. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Role of cysteines in accelerating Tau filament formation was written by Chidambaram, Hariharakrishnan;Chinnathambi, Subashchandrabose. And the article was included in Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Alzheimer’s disease is majorly associated with intracellular accumulation of Tau into paired helical filaments and tangles. The self-aggregated dimeric and oligomeric species of Tau formed are more toxic to neuronal cells and acts as seeds for filament formation. The two cysteine residues and the two hexapeptide regions of full-length Tau play a key role in initialization and filament formation during Tau aggregation. The role of cysteine residues in Tau aggregation has been studied by in-vitro aggregation assay that was measured by Thioflavin S fluorescence to observe the kinetics of aggregation. In this study, we have performed in-vitro aggregation assay with recombinant full-length Tau and the cysteine mutants to understand the mechanism of cysteine independent Tau aggregation. Here, we report that cysteine mutant full-length Tau can aggregate to form filaments under in-vitro conditions. To visualize the polymorphisms of Tau and cysteine mutants under different aggregation conditions anionic cofactor, heparin was employed. Wild-type Tau showed rapid aggregation to form oligomers and filaments. On the other hand, the cysteine mutant delayed the initial Tau aggregation. This indicates the importance of cysteine residues in accelerating initial Tau nucleation for its aggregation. The filament morphol. of wild-type and cysteine mutant Tau has been characterized using transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Environmental level of bisphenol F induced reproductive toxicity toward zebrafish was written by Mu, Xiyan;Qi, Suzhen;Liu, Jia;Wang, Hui;Yuan, Lilai;Qian, Le;Li, Tiejun;Huang, Ying;Wang, Chengju;Guo, Yuanming;Li, Yingren. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2022.Reference of 620-92-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Bisphenol F (BPF), as an important bisphenol A substitute, is being increasingly used for industrial production Here we performed large scale fecundity test for zebrafish that are continuous exposed to environmental levels of BPF (0.5, 5 and 50μg/L) from embryonic stage, and identified suppressed spawning capacity of females and reduced fertility rate of males in adulthood. Although pathol. change is only observed in female gonads, the transcriptional change in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis genes occurred in the gonads of both female and male fish at 150 days post-exposure. F1 generation embryos showed abnormal developmental outcomes including decreased heart rate, reduced body length, and inhibition of spontaneous movement after parental exposure to BPF. RNA-sequencing showed that the genes involved in skeletal/cardiac muscle development were significantly altered in F1 embryos spawned by BPF-treated zebrafish. The advanced pathway anal. showed that cancer and tumor formation were the most enriched pathways in the offspring of 0.5 and 5.0μg/L groups; organismal development and cardiovascular system development were mainly affected after parental exposure to 50μg/L of BPF; these changes were mediated by several involved regulators such as GATA4, MYF6, and MEF2C. These findings confirmed that long-term exposure to BPF at environment relevant concentration would result in reproductive toxicity among zebrafish indicating the urgent demand for the control of BPA substitutes. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Reference of 620-92-8).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Reference of 620-92-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Overcoming glutamate auxotrophy in Escherichia coli itaconate overproducer by the Weimberg pathway was written by Lu, Ken W.;Wang, Chris T.;Chang, Hengray;Wang, Ryan S.;Shen, Claire R.. And the article was included in Metabolic Engineering Communications in 2021.Synthetic Route of C9H18O5S The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Biosynthesis of itaconic acid occurs through decarboxylation of the TCA cycle intermediate cis-aconitate. Engineering of efficient itaconate producers often requires elimination of the highly active isocitrate dehydrogenase to conserve cis-aconitate, leading to 2-ketoglutarate auxotrophy in the producing strains. Supplementation of glutamate or complex protein hydrolyzate then becomes necessary, often in large quantities, to support the high cell d. desired during itaconate fermentation and adds to the production cost. Here, we present an alternative approach to overcome the glutamate auxotrophy in itaconate producers by synthetically introducing the Weimberg pathway from Burkholderia xenovorans for 2-ketoglutarate biosynthesis. Because of its independence from natural carbohydrate assimilation pathways in Escherichia coli, the Weimberg pathway is able to provide 2-ketoglutarate using xylose without compromising the carbon flux toward itaconate. With xylose concentration carefully tuned to minimize excess 2-ketoglutarate flux in the stationary phase, the final strain accumulated 20 g/L of itaconate in minimal medium from 18 g/L of xylose and 45 g/L of glycerol. Necessity of the recombinant Weimberg pathway for growth also allowed us to maintain multi-copy plasmids carrying in operon the itaconate-producing genes without addition of antibiotics. Use of the Weimberg pathway for growth restoration is applicable to other production systems with disrupted 2-ketoglutarate synthesis. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Synthetic Route of C9H18O5S).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Synthetic Route of C9H18O5S

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A Co(II) complex of a vitamer of vitamin B₆ acts as a sensor for Hg²⁺ and pH in aqueous media was written by Sing, Nilam;Roy, Sanjay;Guin, Partha Sarathi;Mahali, Kalachand;Majee, Prakash;Mondal, Sudip Kumar;Mahata, Partha;Sengupta, Partha Sarathi;Mondal, Palash. And the article was included in New Journal of Chemistry in 2016.Quality Control of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A Co(II) complex of mol. formula C₂₄H_48.4N₆O_11.2CoCl, 1 CoL₂·7.2H₂O·Cl, was synthesized from the Schiff base [H₂pydmdp]Cl by a template reaction of pyridoxal (pyd), a vitamer of vitamin B₆, N-methyl-1,3-diaminopropane (mdp) and cobalt(II) acetate. It was characterized by elemental anal., ¹H NMR, IR and UV-visible spectroscopy, thermal anal., electrochem. and single crystal x-ray diffraction. The exptl. results suggested that in complex 1, the central Co(II) is bonded to two phenolato-oxygens, two imine nitrogens and two amine nitrogens in an octahedral geometry. In aqueous media complex 1 exhibits an intense fluorescence emission peak at 506 nm when it was excited at 425 nm. The fluorescence behavior of complex 1 in aqueous media was employed to determine whether it acts as a chemosensor for some selective toxic metal ions. The present complex behaves as a promising sensor for Hg²⁺ even at the sub-micromolar level. In addition in aqueous solution, complex 1 acts as a sensor for the pH of the medium. A detailed study on the mechanism of sensing behavior established that Hg²⁺ interacts with complex 1 via weak noncovalent interaction with the N-atom of the pyridine moiety of the mol. The pyridine nitrogen also plays a vital role in sensing the pH of the medium. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Quality Control of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Quality Control of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts