Tag: 200-300

Toxicity and behavioral response of zebrafish exposed to combined microplastic and bisphenol analogues was written by Mu, Xiyan;Qi, Suzhen;Liu, Jia;Yuan, Lilai;Huang, Ying;Xue, Jiaying;Qian, Le;Wang, Chengju;Li, Yingren. And the article was included in Environmental Chemistry Letters in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 4,4′-Methylenediphenol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Microplastics and bisphenol analogs are emerging environmental pollutants widely occurring in freshwaters. Harmful effects of microplastics and bisphenols have been studied individually, yet there is few knowledge on their combined effect. Here, we conducted acute toxicity tests using embryonic and larval zebrafish to assess the combined lethality after co-exposure of bisphenol A or F and 0.5- and 25-μm polystyrene microplastic particles. We monitored the accumulation of microplastics in zebrafish. We also studied the impact on the behavior of larval zebrafish. Results show that co-exposure of bisphenols and polystyrene microplastics increased lethality of larvae by 6.8-51% for bisphenol F and by 6.7-30.1% for bisphenol A. However, the bisphenol lethality toward embryos remains unchanged in the presence of microplastics. Fluorescence anal. shows that 0.5- and 25-μm microplastics accumulate in the larvae gastrointestinal area in a dose-dependent pattern, but did not concentrate in the embryo. Overall, co-exposure of polystyrene microplastics and bisphenol analogs displayed stronger behavioral effects, e.g. reduced moving distance and activity, toward zebrafish larvae, compared with single pollutant exposure. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Application In Synthesis of 4,4′-Methylenediphenol).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Application In Synthesis of 4,4′-Methylenediphenol

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effective stabilization of atomic hydrogen by Pd nanoparticles for rapid hexavalent chromium reduction and synchronous bisphenol A oxidation during the photoelectrocatalytic process was written by Li, Shanpeng;Liu, Chunlei;Liu, Haijin;Lv, Wenying;Liu, Guoguang. And the article was included in Journal of Hazardous Materials in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 620-92-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Atomic hydrogen (H*) plays a vital role in the synchronous redox of metallic ions and organic mols. However, H* is extremely unstable as it is easily converted to hydrogen. Herein, we designed a novel strategy for the effective stabilization of H* to enhance its utility. The synthesized Pd nanoparticles grown on the defective MoS₂ (DMS) of TiO₂ nanowire arrays (TNA) (TNA/DMS/Pd) photocathode exhibited rapid Cr(VI) reduction (∼95% in 10 min) and bisphenol A (BPA) oxidation (∼97% in 30 min), with the kinetic constants almost 24- and 6-fold higher than those of the TNA photocathode, resp. This superior performances could be attributed to: (i) the generated interface heterojunctions between TNA and DMS boosted the separation efficiencies of photogenerated electrons, thereby supplying abundant valance electrons to lower the overpotential to create a suitable microenvironment for H* generation; (ii) the stabilization of H* by Pd nanoparticles resulted in a significant increase in the yield of hydroxyl radical (^•OH). This research provides a new strategy for the effective utilization of H* toward rapid reduction of heavy metals and synchronous oxidation of the refractory organics This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8HPLC of Formula: 620-92-8).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.HPLC of Formula: 620-92-8

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
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A new pyridoxal based fluorescence chemo-sensor for detection of Zn(II) and its application in bio imaging was written by Mandal, Senjuti;Sikdar, Yeasin;Maiti, Dilip K.;Maiti, Guru Prasad;Mandal, Sushil Kumar;Biswas, Jayanta Kumar;Goswami, Sanchita. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2015.Name: 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

This paper describes the activity of a Schiff base ligand, derived from pyridoxal, as a promising fluorescence probe for biol. important Zn(II) ion sensing. A physiol. compatible pyridoxal based chemosensor PydDmen was synthesized and evaluated for its fluorescent response towards metal ions. Chemosensor PydDmen exhibits a selective turn-on type response in the presence of Zn²⁺ in ethanol-water mixture The addition of EDTA quenches the fluorescence of receptor PydDmen-Zn²⁺, making the chemosensor PydDmen reversible. The response is specific for Zn(II) ions, and remains almost unaffected by the presence of alkali and alk. earth metals but is suppressed to varying degrees by transition metal ions. The selectivity mechanism of PydDmen for Zn²⁺ is the combined effects of proton transfer between the prevailing tautomeric forms, C=N isomerization and CHEF. The DFT optimized structure of the complex is compatible with elemental anal., mass spectrometry, FT-IR, electronic and NMR spectra. The exptl. and theor. support in terms of NMR spectroscopy and DFT are provided to establish the existence of Zn²⁺ induced transformation of PydDmen to a 3-pyridone tautomeric form. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Name: 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Name: 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Novel pyridoxal based molecular sensor for selective turn-on fluorescent switching functionality towards Zn(II) in live cells was written by Karthick, Kettalu Ananthan;Kaleeswari, Kalairajan;Uma Maheswari, C.;Sivaraman, Gandhi;Shankar, Bhaskaran;Tamilselvi, Arunachalam. And the article was included in Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, A: Chemistry in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A new facile mol. sensor (HL), 4-((3-(cyclohexylamino)propylimino)methyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol, constructed with pyridoxal moiety, selectively detects Zn²⁺ ion in solid and solution medium. The structure of this newly synthesized sensor is confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction study. The rapid selective fluorescence ′turn-on′ response of Zn²⁺ ion in aqueous ethanolic (9:1, volume/volume) HEPES buffer (pH = 7.0) medium was studied. The synthesized mol. sensor shows the lowest limit of detection (LOD) for Zn²⁺ ion (9.5850 ± 0.3835 nM). The sensing behavior of the mol. sensor towards Zn²⁺ can be ascribed to the formation of complex. D. functional theory (DFT) and time dependent d. functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations were carried out to support the proposed tetrahedral geometry of zinc(II) complex and to explore the electronic properties of HL and its zinc complex (ZnL₂). The mol. sensor shows the practical application to detect zinc(II) qual. on TLC plate based test strips. In addition to that, it also gives insight into the design of protocols required for successful imaging of intracellular zinc(II) ions in HeLa cells. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Enhanced degradation of bisphenol F in a porphyrin-MOF based visible-light system under high salinity conditions was written by Wang, Zhiwei;Li, Qian;Su, Ruidian;Lv, Guochun;Wang, Zhining;Gao, Baoyu;Zhou, Weizhi. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2022.COA of Formula: C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The efficient degradation of organic contaminants in practical water treatment is a challenge for advanced oxidation processes via such as semiconductor photocatalysis due to interference from the inhibiting influence due to the reactions between radicals and coexisting anions in the actual water column. Herein, a porphyrinic zirconium metal-organic framework (PCN-223) is used in a visible light system to effectively decompose bisphenol F (BPF) in saline water. The PCN-223/visible-light system can effectively resist the influence of environmental coexisting anions and natural organic matter (NOM), thus demonstrating excellent performance in decomposing pollutants. Furthermore, the catalytic system is able to maintain stable contaminant degradation over a wide pH range and in five water matrixes. Coexisting anions promote the conductivity of electrons by forming ionic bonds with Zr, which enhances light-induced electron transfer under visible light. This work illustrates the mechanism and conditions under which porphyrin-MOF can resist high salt environments in photocatalysis, and provides a new perspective on the practical application of photocatalysis to overcome complex environmental disturbances. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8COA of Formula: C13H12O2).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.COA of Formula: C13H12O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Development and validation of a method for determination of 17 endocrine disrupting chemicals in milk, water, blood serum and feed by UHPLC-MS/MS was written by Di Marco Pisciottano, Ilaria;Albrizio, Stefania;Guadagnuolo, Grazia;Gallo, Pasquale. And the article was included in Food Additives & Contaminants, Part A in 2022.Quality Control of 4,4′-Methylenediphenol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The concern for human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) has led to the introduction of other bisphenols to be used as substitutes in industrial processes. These compounds show activity similar to BPA as endocrine disruptors and could be already widespread both in the environment and in food. To monitor their possible occurrence in the food chain, an anal. method based on affinity chromatog. clean-up and UHPLC coupled to tandem mass spectrometry detection was developed and inhouse validated according to European law, for simultaneous determination of 17 bisphenols in milk and blood serum from bovine and buffalo, in drinking water and in feed. The anal. performance parameters of the method for these matrixes were determined The results showed satisfactory precision in terms of relative standard deviation (3.3%-21.4%), overall good trueness as mean percentage recoveries (77.0%-119.4%), with the only exception of bisphenol PH and bisphenol S in milk and BPA diglycidyl ether in serum. The high specificity and sensitivity of the method allowed us to determine the analytes at very low concentrations, i.e., 0.01-1.0 ng/mL in water, 0.1-2.0 ng/mL in milk, 0.01-1.0 ng/g in blood serum and 1.0-10.0 ng/g in feed. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Quality Control of 4,4′-Methylenediphenol).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Quality Control of 4,4′-Methylenediphenol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Development of smart epoxy coating through click reaction using a vegetable oil was written by Ramezanpour, Javad;Ataei, Shahla;Khorasani, Saied Nouri. And the article was included in Progress in Organic Coatings in 2022.Electric Literature of C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Two-component microcapsules of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil as a healing agent and trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate) as hardener, were encapsulated with the poly(Me methacrylate) shell by solvent evaporation method. The chem. structure and morphologies of the core/shell microcapsules were confirmed using Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy and Field emission SEM, resp. The thermal properties of the microcapsules were investigated through thermogravimetric anal. FE-SEM confirmed that both types of microcapsules have a spherical shape with an average diameter of approx. 6.2μm. The two-component microcapsules were included in epoxy resin, and the healing performance of the system was assessed. From Electrochem. impedance spectroscopy and salt spray test, the best self-healing performance was obtained for 0.5 wt% two-component microcapsules. For epoxy coatings containing 0.5 weight% of microcapsules, after five months of exposure under salt water 3.5%, no corrosion effect was observed on the epoxy coating, indicating that there are enough high-performance materials in the microcapsules to heal cracks and the click reaction has been a very effective reaction to create this healing resin. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Electric Literature of C13H12O2).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Electric Literature of C13H12O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects of consumer products chemicals ingredients and their mixtures on the estrogen receptor/androgen receptor transcriptional activation was written by Lee, Handule;Park, Juyoung;Park, Kwangsik. And the article was included in Chemosphere in 2022.Recommanded Product: 620-92-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Unlike the environmental pollutants or industrial chems., the chems. in consumer products may pose higher levels of risks, depending on how the chems. are used in the products and how humans interact with the products. Recently, endocrine disrupting chems. in cosmetics, personal care products, cleaners, sunscreens, and vinyl products were anal. quantified and many active chems. including phthalates, parabens and bisphenols were detected. This indicates a wide range of exposures from common products. In this study, 35 chems. known to be ingredients of consumer products were selected and screened for the transactivation of estrogen receptors and androgen receptors. From the results of individual chems., the activity of binary/ternary mixture prepared from the agonists for the ER transcription activity was measured, and compared to the predicted values obtained by the full logistic model. The measured and the predicted values were found to be very similar. This study may suggest that prediction of mixture activity by proper models would be one of the supportive tools for the risk assessment and sound regulation of chem. mixtures which have potential endocrine disrupting effects in consumer products. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Recommanded Product: 620-92-8).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Recommanded Product: 620-92-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Mercury bioremediation by engineered Pseudomonas putida KT2440 with adaptationally optimized biosecurity circuit was written by Xue, Yubin;Qiu, Tianlei;Sun, Zhi;Liu, Feixia;Yu, Bo. And the article was included in Environmental Microbiology in 2022.Reference of 367-93-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Hazardous materials, such as heavy metals, are the major sources of health risk. Using genetically modified organisms (GMOs) to dispose heavy metals has the advantages of strong environmental compatibility and high efficiency. However, the biosecurity of GMOs used in the environment is a major concern. In this study, a self-controlled genetic circuit was designed and carefully fine-tuned for programmable expression in Pseudomonas putida KT2440, which is a widely used strain for environmental bioremediation. The cell behaviors were controlled by automatically sensing the variation of Hg²⁺ concentration without any inducer requirement or manual interventions. More than 98% Hg²⁺ was adsorbed by the engineered strain with a high cell recovery rate of 96% from waterbody. The remaining cells were killed by the suicide module after the mission was accomplished. The escape frequency of the engineered P. putida strain was lower than 10^-9, which meets the recommendation of US NIH guideline for GMOs release (<10^-8). The same performance was achieved in a model experiment by using natural lake water with addition of Hg²⁺. The microbial diversity anal. further confirmed that the remediation process made little impact on the indigenous ecosystem. Thus, this study provides a practical method for environmental remediation by using GMOs. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Reference of 367-93-1).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Reference of 367-93-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sex-specific changes in oxidative stress parameters and longevity produced by Bisphenol F and S compared to Bisphenol A in Drosophila melanogaster was written by Musachio, Elize Aparecida Santos;Poetini, Marcia Rosula;Janner, Dieniffer Espinosa;Meichtry, Luana Barreto;Poleto, Ketnne Hanna;Fernandes, Eliana Jardim;Guerra, Gustavo Petri;Prigol, Marina. And the article was included in Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology in 2022.COA of Formula: C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Female and male Drosophila melanogaster were exposed sep. for seven days to Bisphenol A (BPA), Bisphenol F (BPF), and Bisphenol S (BPS) at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mM. We observed that males exposed to 0.5 and 1 mM BPS showed lower catalase (CAT) activity and higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reactive species (RS); CAT activity decreased for BPF 0.5 and 1 mM. Nevertheless, BPA 0.5 and 1 mM decreased CAT activity, increased RS and lipid peroxidation (LPO), and reduced mitochondrial viability. None of the bisphenols altered the cell viability of male flies, although BPA 0.5 and 1 mM reduced longevity. In female flies, BPA and BPS 0.5 and 1 mM increased RS and LPO levels and decreased CAT activity and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), which may have contributed to lower mitochondrial and cell viability. Furthermore, BPS decreased SOD activity at the 1 mM concentration, and BPA reduced the SOD activity at concentrations of 0.5 and 1 mM. In the BPF 1 mM group, there was a reduction in GST activity and an increase in RS and LPO levels. The toxicol. effects were different between sexes, and BPA was more harmful than BPF and BPS in male flies. Thus, our findings showed that females were more susceptible to oxidative cell damage when exposed to BPA and BPS than to BPF, and daily exposure to BPA and BPS at all concentrations reduced female longevity, as well as in BPF 1 mM. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8COA of Formula: C13H12O2).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.COA of Formula: C13H12O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts