Tag: 200-300

Bisphenol A and its structural analogues in infant formulas available in the Brazilian market: Optimisation of a UPLC-MS/MS method, occurrence, and dietary exposure assessment was written by Petrarca, Mateus Henrique;Perez, Mary Angela Favaro;Tfouni, Silvia Amelia Verdiani. And the article was included in Food Research International in 2022.SDS of cas: 620-92-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

For the first time, structural analogs to bisphenol A were investigated in infant formulas marketed in Brazil. A fast and high throughput UPLC-MS/MS method was established for simultaneous anal. of bisphenol A, B, E, F, and S in complex infant formula matrixes. The influence of mobile phase composition on electrospray ionization response in neg. mode was studied to improve the detectability of the method. As also, the main sample preparation variables that could affect the extraction and cleanup were screened by the Plackett-Burman design. The method performance characteristics were adequate, including reliable limits of detection (5-10 μg kg-1) and quantification (10-20 μg kg-1) with suitable recoveries (84.2-108.9 %) and precision (≤18 %). Sixty-one infant formulas were analyzed, and 36 % of total samples contained at least one bisphenol analog, whose levels ranged between 10.9 and 198.9 μg kg-1. Based on a deterministic approach, the estimated daily intakes for babies up to 6 mo old, fed exclusively with infant formula, were below the temporary tolerable daily intake of 4 μg kg-1 body weight set for bisphenol A by the European Food Safety Authority. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8SDS of cas: 620-92-8).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.SDS of cas: 620-92-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis, structural characterization and antioxidant activity of some vanadium(IV), Mo(VI)/(IV) and Ru(II) complexes of pyridoxal Schiff base derivatives was written by Elsayed, Shadia A.;Noufal, Aya M.;El-Hendawy, Ahmed M.. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2017.Safety of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

New complexes containing vanadium(IV), Mo(VI)/(IV) and Ru(II) derived from Schiff base of pyridoxal and S-benzyldithiocarbazate (H₂pysb) or p-toluidine (Hpytol) have been prepared The structures of the described compounds were elucidated by elemental analyses, spectroscopic techniques (IR, ¹H NMR, UV-Vis and EPR) magnetism, molar conductivity and thermal anal. measurements. Their redox behaviors were also studied by cyclic voltammetry. The ligand H₂pysb showed coordination to the metal ions in a dibasic tridenate manner through deprotonated phenolate oxygen, azomethine nitrogen and thiolate sulfur, while Hpytol behaved as monobasic bidentate through phenolate oxygen and azomethine nitrogen. The complexes were tested for their antioxidant activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and the data obtained revealed that the scavenging activity of the complexes towards DPPH is high for the oxovanadium(IV) complexes with lower IC₅₀ values which are comparable to ascorbic acid as a standard antioxidant. The EC₅₀ concentration ratio together with other antioxidant parameters are also reported. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Safety of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Safety of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

CRISPRi-seq for genome-wide fitness quantification in bacteria was written by de Bakker, Vincent;Liu, Xue;Bravo, Afonso M.;Veening, Jan-Willem. And the article was included in Nature Protocols in 2022.Electric Literature of C9H18O5S The following contents are mentioned in the article:

CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) is a powerful tool to link essential and nonessential genes to specific phenotypes and to explore their functions. Here we describe a protocol for CRISPRi screenings to assess genome-wide gene fitness in a single sequencing step (CRISPRi-seq). We demonstrate the use of the protocol in Streptococcus pneumoniae, an important human pathogen; however, the protocol can easily be adapted for use in other organisms. The protocol includes a pipeline for single-guide RNA library design, workflows for pooled CRISPRi library construction, growth assays and sequencing steps, a read anal. tool (2FAST2Q) and instructions for fitness quantification. We describe how to make an IPTG-inducible system with small libraries that are easy to handle and cost-effective and overcome bottleneck issues, which can be a problem when using similar, transposon mutagenesis-based methods. Ultimately, the procedure yields a fitness score per single-guide RNA target for any given growth condition. A genome-wide screening can be finished in 1 wk with a constructed library. Data anal. and follow-up confirmation experiments can be completed in another 2-3 wk. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Electric Literature of C9H18O5S).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Electric Literature of C9H18O5S

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Vitamin-B6 Schiff base dioxovanadium(V) complex for targeted visible light-induced anticancer activity was written by Kumar, Arun;Banerjee, Samya;Mukherjee, Sanjoy;Chakravarty, Akhil R.. And the article was included in Indian Journal of Chemistry in 2017.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A dioxovanadium(V) complex of vitamin-B6 Schiff base [VO2L] (1) (where H2L·HCl is 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(((2-hydroxyphenyl)imino)methyl)-2-methylpyridin-1-ium chloride) has been prepared and structurally characterized. Its photo-induced cytotoxicity and mechanism of cell death has been studied. Single crystal X-ray structure shows five-coordinate square-pyramidal geometry of the complex having the dianionic O,N,O-donor tridentate vitamin-B6 Schiff base and two cis-oriented oxo ligands bound to V(V). DFT study shows the HOMO located on the amino-phenolic moiety, while the LUMO is on the protonated aromatic unit, i.e., the pyridiniumphenolate moiety. Vitamin-B6 transporting membrane carrier (VTC) pathway seems to be responsible for the higher cellular uptake and activity of the complex into the cervical HeLa and breast cancer MCF-7 cells in preference to the normal embryonic fibroblast 3T3 cells. The complex exhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated apoptotic photocytotoxicity in visible light of 400-700 nm in the cancer cells (IC50: ∼16μM), while being essentially non-toxic in the dark. Alk. Comet assay shows damage of the nuclear DNA. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A novel Schiff base derivative of pyridoxal for the optical sensing of Zn²⁺ and cysteine was written by Anand, Thangaraj;Kumar, Ashok S. K.;Sahoo, Suban K.. And the article was included in Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences in 2018.Safety of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

An easy to prepare novel vitamin B6 cofactor derivative 3-hydroxy-N’-((3 hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl)methylene)-2-naphthohydrazide (NPY) was synthesized by a one pot condensation reaction of pyridoxal with 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic hydrazide and applied for the optical detection of Zn²⁺ and cysteine in the aqueous DMSO medium. The addition of Zn²⁺ ions leads to a selective blue-shift in the fluorescence emission spectrum of NPY from 530 nm to 475 nm, which allowed ratiometric detection of Zn²⁺ ions down to 8.73 × 10^-7 M without any interference from other tested metal ions. This system was also successfully applied to detect intracellular Zn²⁺ ions in live HeLa cells. Further, when the in situ generated NPY·Zn²⁺ complex was interacted with various amino acids, the addition of cysteine resulted in an instantaneous color change from light yellow to colorless and the absorbance at 435 nm of the complex was quenched selectively. Also, the fluorescence of the NPY·Zn²⁺ complex was quenched, which allowed the detection of cysteine down to 6.63 × 10^-7 M. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Safety of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Safety of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Efficient Production of γ-GABA Using Recombinant E. coli Expressing Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) Derived from Eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae was written by Xiong, Qiang;Xu, Zheng;Xu, Lu;Yao, Zhong;Li, Sha;Xu, Hong. And the article was included in Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology in 2017.Recommanded Product: 65-22-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

γ-Aminobutyric acid (γ-GABA) is a non-proteinogenic amino acid, which acts as a major regulator in the central nervous system. Glutamate decarboxylase (namely GAD, EC 4.1.1.15) is known to be an ideal enzyme for γ-GABA production using L-glutamic acid as substrate. In this study, we cloned and expressed GAD gene from eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ScGAD) in E. coli BL21(DE3). This enzyme was further purified and its optimal reaction temperature and pH were 37 °C and pH 4.2, resp. The cofactor of ScGAD was verified to be either pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) or pyridoxal hydrochloride. The optimal concentration of either cofactor was 50 mg/L. The optimal medium for E. coli-ScGAD cultivation and expression were 10 g/L lactose, 5 g/L glycerol, 20 g/L yeast extract, and 10 g/L sodium chloride, resulting in an activity of 55 U/mL medium, three times higher than that of using Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. The maximal concentration of γ-GABA was 245 g/L whereas L-glutamic acid was near completely converted. These findings provided us a good example for bio-production of γ-GABA using recombinant E. coli expressing a GAD enzyme derived from eukaryote. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Recommanded Product: 65-22-5).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Recommanded Product: 65-22-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Application of bacteriophage to develop indicator for Escherichia coli detection and modulation of its biochemical reaction to improve detection ability: A proof-of-concept study was written by Choi, Inyoung;Lee, Jung-Soo;Han, Jaejoon. And the article was included in Food Control in 2022.Electric Literature of C9H18O5S The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Bacteria indicators have been widely developed but still need complicated techniques, instruments, or well-trained users. This is a proof-of-concept study to develop a straightforward and colorimetric bacterial indicator using bacteriophages (phages) as bio-receptors and simple biochem. reactions for high sensitivity. Among the various phages, phage T4 with a high specificity to Escherichia coli was used. Hydrophilic polyvinyl alc. and trehalose were used as matrix polymers, and the optimal formulation ratio was examined to enhance the phage stability in the indicator matrix. Its sensitivity and detection rate were improved by investigating the interactions between phage T4 and iso-Pr β-D-thiogalactopyranoside. The final indicator showed high sensitivity detecting up to 10 CFU/mL after 11 h, even in the food application test such as drinking water and milk samples containing different fat contents. Although some challenges remain to satisfy the regulatory requirements for bacteria in foods and be applied to various foods, the introduced simple approach can pave the way to develop indicators to detect E. coli present in real food using phages. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Electric Literature of C9H18O5S).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Electric Literature of C9H18O5S

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

De novo biosynthesis and whole-cell catalytic production of 2-acetamidophenol in Escherichia coli was written by Hou, Feifei;Feng, Dexin;Xian, Mo;Huang, Wei. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2022.Name: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

2-Acetamidophenol (AAP) is an aromatic product with promising activities in agricultural applications and medical research. At present, AAP is synthesized by chem. methods from nonrenewable fossil fuel resources, which cause environmental pollution and the reaction conditions are harsh. In this study, we constructed the artificial biosynthetic pathway of AAP with five different expressed proteins in Escherichia coli for the first time. By introducing the hydrogen peroxide degrading enzyme catalase and improving cell tolerance to toxic intermediates or products, the yield of AAP reached 33.54 mg/L using shaking-flask culture. The best-engineered strain could produce 568.57 mg/L AAP by fed-batch fermentation from glucose and precursor (2-aminophenol, 2-AP) addition Furthermore, a one-pot whole-cell cascade biocatalytic pathway to AAP and analogs was developed and optimized. This method can efficiently produce 1.8 g/L AAP using the Me anthranilate hydrolysis product as the substrate. This study provides not only the de novo artificial biosynthetic pathway of AAP in E. coli but also a promising sustainable and efficient strategy to enable the synthesis of AAP on a gram scale. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Name: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Name: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Amoeba-inspired magnetic microgel assembly assisted by engineered dextran-binding protein for vaccination against life-threatening systemic infection was written by Liu, Shuo;Zhao, Yan;Guo, Linpei;Yu, Qilin. And the article was included in Nano Research.Product Details of 367-93-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Vaccination is critical for population protection from pathogenic infections. However, its efficiency is frequently compromised by a failure of antigen retention and presentation. Herein, we designed a dextran-binding protein DexBP, which is composed of the carbohydrate-binding domains of Trichoderma reesei cellobiohydrolases Cel6A and Cel7A, together with the sequence of the fluorescent protein mCherry. DexBP was further prepared by engineered Escherichia coli cells and grafted to magnetic nanoparticles. The magnetic nanoparticles were integrated with a dextran/poly(vinyl alc.) framework and a reactive oxygen species-responsive linker, obtaining magnetic polymeric microgels for carrying pathogen antigen. Similar to amoeba aggregation, the microgels self-assembled to form aggregates and further induced dendritic cell aggregation. This step-by-step assembly retained antigens at lymph nodes, promoted antigen presentation, stimulated humoral immunity, and protected the mice from life-threatening systemic infections. This study developed a magnetic microgel-assembling platform for dynamically regulating immune response during protection of the body from dangerous infections. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Product Details of 367-93-1).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Product Details of 367-93-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Enhanced chemical sensing for Cu²⁺ based on composites of ZIF-8 with small molecules was written by Zhang, Jun;Zhao, Xiuyang;Liu, Xuefeng;Dong, Chuan. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2020.Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Two organic mols., pyridoxal hydrazide (PAH) and salicylaldehyde based Rhodamine B hydrazone (RBS) were integrated into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) to give composites, namely PAH/ZIF-8 and RBS/ZIF-8. The organic mols. and ZIF-8 are proposed to be assembled via hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking in the composites. The mass fraction of PAH and RBS in the composites was calculated to be 21.86% and 29.3%. The fluorescence of PAH/ZIF-8 is quenched regularly by Cu²⁺. The detection limit for Cu²⁺ was calculated to be 1.42 nM for PAH/ZIF-8, which is one order of magnitude lower than that of PAH. The detection limit for Cu²⁺ was determined to be 0.8 μM for RBS/ZIF-8, which is three times lower than that of RBS. The two composites both display high selectivity to Cu²⁺ over competing metal ions. The PAH/ZIF-8 fluorescent sensor was successfully applied to Cu²⁺ determination in environmental water. PAH/ZIF-8 exhibits excellent cell membrane permeability and low cytotoxicity in cellular imaging. The enhanced chem. sensor was designed by introducing small mols. into ZIF-8 for the specific recognition of Cu²⁺. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts