Tag: 200-300

Optimization and characterization of immobilized E. coli for engineered thermostable xylanase excretion and cell viability was written by Nor Ashikin, Nur Atiqah Lyana;Mohd Fuzi, Siti Fatimah Zaharah;Abdul Manaf, Shoriya Aruni;Abdul Manas, Nor Hasmaliana;Shaarani@ Nawi, Shalyda Md Md;Illias, Rosli Md. And the article was included in Arabian Journal of Chemistry in 2022.Name: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

There are many parameters that may have influenced the properties of cell during immobilization process. Particularly, the immobilization methods, carrier materials, and enzyme loading amount that have been proved to be important for immobilization process. The physiol. responses of microorganisms are depending on the immobilization technique used. Typical alterations to the micro-environment of the immobilized cell involved the altered water activity, presence of ionic charges, cell confinement and modified surface tension. In this study, the graphene oxide was selected as a suitable carrier for immobilization process of recombinant E.coli and adsorption was chosen as an appropriate method to improve the production of engineered thermostable xylanase. High level production of thermostable xylanase by immobilized recombinant cell in the 5 L bioreactor was studied by using optimum research surface methodol. (RSM) conditions was studied. The immobilization of E. coli onto nanoparticle matrix manages to improve the cell performance by improving the protein expression, reduced the occurrences of cell lysis as well as improved the plasmid stability of the host cell. Thus, immobilization contributes a phys. support for both whole cells as well as enzymes to develop a better operative achievement system for industrialized fields and give rise to the biol. advancement existing enzyme for instance xylanase. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Name: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Name: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

functional characterization of HigBA toxin-antitoxin system in Arctic bacterium, Bosea sp. PAMC 26642 was written by Choi, Eunsil;Huh, Ahhyun;Oh, Changmin;Oh, Jeong-Il;Kang, Ho Young;Hwang, Jihwan. And the article was included in Journal of Microbiology (Seoul, Republic of Korea) in 2022.Formula: C9H18O5S The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are growth-controlling geneticelements consisting of an intracellular toxin protein and itscognate antitoxin. TA systems have been spread among microbial genomes through horizontal gene transfer and arenow prevalent in most bacterial and archaeal genomes. Undernormal growth conditions, antitoxins tightly counteract theactivity of the toxins. Upon stresses, antitoxins are inactivated,releasing activated toxins, which induce growth arrest or celldeath. In this study, among nine functional TA modules in Bosea sp. PAMC 26642 living in Arctic lichen, we investigatedthe functionality of BoHigBA2. BohigBA2 is located close toa genomic island and adjacent to flagellar gene clusters. Theexpression of BohigB2 induced the inhibition of E. coli growthat 37°C, which was more manifest at 18°C, and this growthdefect was reversed when BohigA2 was co-expressed, suggesting that this BoHigBA2 module might be an active TAmodule in Bosea sp. PAMC 26642. Live/dead staining andviable count analyses revealed that the BoHigB2 toxin hada bactericidal effect, causing cell death. Furthermore, we demonstrated that BoHigB2 possessed mRNA-specific RNase activity on various mRNAs and cleaved only mRNAsbeing translated, which might impede overall translation andconsequently lead to cell death. Our study provides the insightto understand the cold adaptation of Bosea sp. PAMC 26642living in the Arctic. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Formula: C9H18O5S).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Formula: C9H18O5S

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Selective blocking of primary amines in branched polyethylenimine with biocompatible ligand alleviates cytotoxicity and augments gene delivery efficacy in mammalian cells was written by Tripathi, Sushil K.;Gupta, Niharika;Mahato, Manohar;Gupta, Kailash C.;Kumar, Pradeep. And the article was included in Colloids and Surfaces, B: Biointerfaces in 2014.Reference of 65-22-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Recently, polyethylenimines (PEIs) have emerged as efficient vectors for nucleic acids delivery. However, inherent cytotoxicity has limited their in vivo applications. To address this concern as well as to incorporate hydrophobic domains for improving interactions with the lipid bilayers in the cell membranes, we have tethered varying amounts of amphiphilic pyridoxyl moieties onto bPEI to generate a small series of pyridoxyl-PEI (PyP) polymers. Spectroscopic characterization confirms the formation of PyP polymers, which subsequently form stable complexes with pDNA in nanometric range with pos. surface charge. The projected modification not only accounts for a decrease in the d. of 1° amines but also allows formation of relatively loose complexes with pDNA (cf. bPEI). Alleviation of the cytotoxicity, efficient interaction with cell membranes and easy disassembly of the pDNA complexes have led to the remarkable enhancement in the transfection efficiency of PyP/pDNA complexes in mammalian cells with one of the formulations, PyP-3/pDNA complex, showing transfection in ∼68% cells compared to ∼16% cells by Lipofectamine/pDNA complex. Further, the efficacy of PyP-3 vector has been established by delivering GFP-specific siRNA resulting in ∼88% suppression of the target gene expression. These results demonstrate the efficacy of the projected carriers that can be used in future gene therapy applications. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Reference of 65-22-5).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Reference of 65-22-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gene regulation by a protein translation factor at the single-cell level was written by Dolcemascolo, Roswitha;Goiriz, Lucas;Montagud-Martinez, Roser;Rodrigo, Guillermo. And the article was included in PLoS Computational Biology in 2022.Electric Literature of C9H18O5S The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Gene expression is inherently stochastic and pervasively regulated. While substantial work combining theory and experiments has been carried out to study how noise propagates through transcriptional regulations, the stochastic behavior of genes regulated at the level of translation is poorly understood. Here, we engineered a synthetic genetic system in which a target gene is down-regulated by a protein translation factor, which in turn is regulated transcriptionally. By monitoring both the expression of the regulator and the regulated gene at the single-cell level, we quantified the stochasticity of the system. We found that with a protein translation factor a tight repression can be achieved in single cells, noise propagation from gene to gene is buffered, and the regulated gene is sensitive in a nonlinear way to global perturbations in translation. A suitable math. model was instrumental to predict the transfer functions of the system. We also showed that a Gamma distribution parameterized with mesoscopic parameters, such as the mean expression and coefficient of variation, provides a deep anal. explanation about the system, displaying enough versatility to capture the cell-to-cell variability in genes regulated both transcriptionally and translationally. Overall, these results contribute to enlarge our understanding on stochastic gene expression, at the same time they provide design principles for synthetic biol. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Electric Literature of C9H18O5S).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Electric Literature of C9H18O5S

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Development of an E. coli-based norbaeocystin production platform and evaluation of behavioral effects in rats was written by Adams, Alexandra M.;Anas, Nicholas A.;Sen, Abhishek K.;Hinegardner-Hendricks, Jordan D.;O’Dell, Philip J.;Gibbons, William J. Jr.;Flower, Jessica E.;McMurray, Matthew S.;Jones, J. Andrew. And the article was included in Metabolic Engineering Communications in 2022.Formula: C9H18O5S The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Interest in the potential therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin and other psychedelic compounds has escalated significantly in recent years. To date, little is known regarding the biol. activity of the psilocybin pathway intermediate, norbaeocystin, due to limitations around sourcing the phosphorylated tryptamine metabolite for in vivo testing. To address this limitation, we first developed a novel E. coli platform for the rapid and scalable production of gram-scale amounts of norbaeocystin. Through this process we compare the genetic and fermentation optimization strategies to that of a similarly constructed and previously reported psilocybin producing strain, uncovering the need for reoptimization and balancing upon even minor genetic modifications to the production host. We then perform in vivo measurements of head twitch response to both biosynthesized psilocybin and norbaeocystin using both a cell broth and water vehicle in Long-Evans rats. The data show a dose response to psilocybin while norbaeocystin does not elicit any pharmacol. response, suggesting that norbaeocystin and its metabolites may not have a strong affinity for the serotonin 2A receptor. The findings presented here provide a mechanism to source norbaeocystin for future studies to evaluate its disease efficacy in animal models, both individually and in combination with psilocybin, and support the safety of cell broth as a drug delivery vehicle. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Formula: C9H18O5S).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Formula: C9H18O5S

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Selective electrochemical sensing of bisphenol derivatives using novel bioelectrode of agarose-guar gum-graphene oxide immobilized with tyrosinase was written by Vaghela, Chetana;Kulkarni, Mohan;Karve, Meena;Zinjarde, Smita. And the article was included in Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering in 2022.Product Details of 620-92-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Bisphenols (BPs) are widely used in manufacturing of recyclable plastic products that are potentially toxic to human beings. In the current investigation, an electrochem. sensor based on a novel bioelectrode of agarose-guar gum-graphene oxide (A-G-GO) immobilized with tyrosinase was developed for bisphenols detection. The sensor was responsive toward six BP derivatives (A, F, E, B, Z and AP) while being non-responsive toward bisphenols S and AF. Formation of A-G-GO composites was confirmed by various anal. techniques. The electrochem. characterization indicated enhanced charge transfer abilities of the composites that helped in improving sensitivity. Mechanism of sensing involved enzymic oxidation of bisphenols to corresponding o-bisphenols and subsequently their reduction on designed bioelectrodes at a potential of 80 mV. The sensor exhibited differential sensitivity toward varied BPs with linear dynamic response in the concentration range of 50-1000 μM and limit of detection ranging from 5 to 50 μM. Based on apparent Km values exhibited by tyrosinase, differential sensitivity toward BPs could be explained. The biosensor was found to be highly selective for bisphenol detection over other tyrosinase substrates with enhanced storage stability of 150 d. The proposed bioelectrode could successfully be used for measurement of bisphenols from plastic food packing material thus demonstrating its practical utility. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Product Details of 620-92-8).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Product Details of 620-92-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Long-term exposure to bisphenol A and its analogues alters the behavior of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) and causes hepatic injury was written by Li, Xueyou;Liu, Yue;Chen, Yuebi;Song, Xinlin;Chen, Xiaotian;Zhang, Ning;Li, Huichen;Guo, Yusong;Wang, Zhongduo;Dong, Zhongdian. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2022.Related Products of 620-92-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Bisphenols (BPA, BPF, and BPAF) are widely present in the aquatic environment and have various adverse effects on aquatic organisms. However, their hepatic toxicity in marine fish is not fully understood. Hence, we examined the growth parameters, histol. features, antioxidant defense mechanisms, and gene expression profiles in the livers of marine medaka after exposure to single and combined bisphenols for 70 days. The final body weight and final body length of males exposed to BPAF were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the survival rate was significantly lower. Bisphenol exposure led to vacuolization and local lesions in the liver, especially in the BPAF group, and altered antioxidant enzyme activity in the liver, leading to oxidative stress. In addition, after bisphenol exposure, marine medaka showed anxiolytic effects and a significant reduction in swimming distance compared with that in the control group. As determined by RNA-seq, bisphenol exposure altered multiple biol. pathways in the liver, such as fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, and ribosome biogenesis pathways, with significant changes in gene expression levels. In particular, chgs and vtgs were significantly up-regulated after BPAF exposure, suggesting an estrogenic effect. Overall, bisphenols can adversely affect the growth and metabolism of marine medaka. BPF and BPAF may not be ideal substitutes for BPA. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Related Products of 620-92-8).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Related Products of 620-92-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Extremely low frequency magnetic field enhances expression of a specific recombinant protein in bacterial host was written by Rashidieh, Behnaz;Madjid Ansari, Alireza;Behdani, Mahdi;Darvishi, Behrad;Habibi-Anbouhi, Mahdi. And the article was included in Analytical Biochemistry in 2022.Safety of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Expression of proteins in bacterial host cells, particularly E.coli, has gained much attention in recent years. Low expression outcome is the main tech. drawback associated with this procedure, further restricting its largescale application in industry. Therefore, application of new amendments or reformations are required before further proceedings. Extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) have shown to significantly affect biol. processes, including gene expression, in E.coli. In current study, we investigated whether application of ELF-MF could result in overexpression of proteins in E.coli or not. Cluster of differentiation-22 (CD22), as a model protein, was expressed in E. Coli Rosetta (DE3) under continuous exposure to ELF-MF after applying various concentrations of Iso-Pr ss-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) (0.25-1.25 mM) as inducer. The strength and frequency of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) ranged between 15 and 100 mT and 2.5-20 Hz resp. Interestingly, application of 55 mT EMFs with frequencies ranging from 2.5 to 2.8 Hz significantly enhanced the yield of expression at all studied IPTG concentrations Contrarily, EMFs with intensities other than 55 mT meaningfully declined protein expression at IPTG concentrations equal to 1 and 1.25 mM. In conclusion, application of specific range of ELF-MFs may be exploited as a new modification for enhancing heterologous expression of proteins in E.coli. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Safety of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Safety of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Intraparticle Macromolecular Migration Alters the Structure and Function of Proteins Reversibly Immobilized on Porous Microbeads was written by Diamanti, Eleftheria;Arana-Pena, Sara;Ramos-Cabrer, Pedro;Comino, Natalia;Carballares, Diego;Fernandez-Lafuente, Roberto;Lopez-Gallego, Fernando. And the article was included in Advanced Materials Interfaces in 2022.Computed Properties of C9H18O5S The following contents are mentioned in the article:

While migration of reversibly immobilized proteins across the volume of supports is investigated in conditions where an external force is applied or under fluid flow conditions, their passive migration upon sample storage and its effect on the protein functionality remain unexplored. Understanding such intraparticle macromol. migration is essential to develop protein functionalized biomaterials with a longer life span. This work investigates the spatiotemporal migration of His-tagged immobilized fluorescent proteins inside porous agarose microbeads under different storage conditions. A tool that assesses the intraparticle protein migration across the surface of the porous supports is developed. Differences in migration patterns between different proteins suggest that binding dynamics between proteins and their supports play a key role in their migration. The effect of macromol. migration on the functional and structural properties of bound proteins and enzymes is also explored. Therefore, single-particle measurements to understand how the migration process affects the functionality of immobilized enzymes are performed. Evaluating protein migration and understanding the reason behind such phenomena allows gaining control over immobilization processes and design immobilization chemistries that either prevent or promote intraparticle macromol. diffusion upon storage, depending on the desired final application. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Computed Properties of C9H18O5S).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Computed Properties of C9H18O5S

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

[Preparation and activity evaluation of insulin-like growth factor 1 based on protein structure prediction]. was written by Xie, Qian;Li, Guanlin;Li, Ying;Li, Jia’nan. And the article was included in Chinese journal of biotechnology in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In order to prepare insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) more economically and efficiently, the structure prediction and molecular docking of three IGF-1 fusion proteins were performed by computer simulation. The most suitable expression form of IGF-1 fusion protein was screened out. A prokaryotic expression vector of IGF-1 fusion protein was constructed and transformed into Escherichia coli Origami B(DE3) strain to obtain the recombinant strain. After induction with IPTG, the target protein was purified from the soluble fractions of the bacteria cell lysate by affinity chromatography, desalination, thrombin digestion and affinity chromatography of the enzyme digested products. An activity evaluation system was established by 3T3 cell proliferation method and the activity of the obtained IGF-1 was measured. The results showed that the sequence of the IGF-1 fusion protein prokaryotic expression vector was correct and the fusion protein was soluble upon 0.05 mmol/L IPTG induction at 25 ℃ for 16 h. After preliminary purification, thrombin digestion and re-purification, IGF-1 target protein with purity over 90% was obtained. Using the established activity evaluation system, the specific activity of IGF-1 was 2.47×10⁵ U/mg, which was close to the standard product available at the market. The preparation technology of IGF-1 developed in this study may facilitate the development and industrial production of IGF-1 drugs. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts