Tag: 200-300

PDGFRβ recognizes and binds bacteria to activate Src/Stat pathway in oysters was written by Sun, Jiejie;Wu, Zhaojun;Wu, Wei;Leng, Jinyuan;Lv, Xiaoqian;Zhang, Tong;Wang, Lingling;Song, Linsheng. And the article was included in Journal of Immunology in 2021.Formula: C9H18O5S The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The Stat signaling pathway plays important roles in mediating the secretions of a large number of cytokines and growth factors in vertebrates, which is generally triggered by the growth factor receptor, cytokine receptor, G protein coupled receptor, and receptor protein tyrosine kinase. In the current study, a platelet-derived growth factor receptor (defined as CgPDGFRβ) was identified from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, with a signal peptide, three Ig domains, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular Ser/Thr/Tyr kinase domain. The two N-terminal Ig domains of CgPDGFRβ showed relatively higher binding activity to Gram-neg. bacteria and LPS compared with Gram-pos. bacteria and peptidoglycan. Upon binding bacteria, CgPDGFRβ in hemocytes formed a dimer and interacted with protein tyrosine kinase CgSrc to induce the phosphorylation of CgSrc at Tyr416. The activated CgSrc interacted with CgStat to induce the translocation of CgStat into the nucleus of hemocytes, which then promoted the expressions of Big defensin 1 (CgBigdef1), IL17-4 (CgIL17-4), and TNF (CgTNF1). These findings together demonstrated that the Src/Stat signaling was activated after the binding of CgPDGFRβ with bacteria to induce the expressions of CgBigdef1, CgIL17-4, and CgTNF1. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Formula: C9H18O5S).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Formula: C9H18O5S

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A portable library of phosphate-depletion based synthetic promoters for customable and automata control of gene expression in bacteria was written by Torres-Bacete, Jesus;Luis Garcia, Jose;Nogales, Juan. And the article was included in Microbial Biotechnology in 2021.Related Products of 367-93-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Industrial biotechnol. gene expression systems relay on constitutive promoters compromising cellular growth from the start of the bioprocess, or on inducible devices, which require manual addition of cognate inducers. To overcome this shortcoming, we engineered an automata regulatory system based on cell-stress mechanisms. Specifically, we engineered a synthetic and highly portable phosphatedepletion library of promoters inspired by bacterial PHO starvation system (Pliar promoters). Furthermore, we fully characterized 10 synthetic promoters within the background of two well-known bacterial workhorses such as E. coli W and P. putida KT2440. The promoters displayed an interesting host-dependent performance and a wide strength spectrum ranging from 0.4- to 1.3-fold when compared to the wild-type phosphatase alk. promoter (PphoA). By comparing with available gene expression systems, we proved the suitability of this new library for the automata and effective decoupling of growth from production in P. putida. Growth phase-dependent expression of these promoters could therefore be activated by fine tuning the initial concentration of phosphate in the medium. Finally, the Pliar library was implemented in the SEVA platform in a ready-touse mode allowing its broad use by the scientific community. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Related Products of 367-93-1).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Related Products of 367-93-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Targeted photocytotoxicity by copper(II) complexes having vitamin B₆ and photoactive acridine moieties was written by Mukherjee, Nandini;Podder, Santosh;Banerjee, Samya;Majumdar, Shamik;Nandi, Dipankar;Chakravarty, Akhil R.. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2016.Formula: C8H10ClNO3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Copper(II) pyridoxal Schiff base complexes [Cu(L¹/L²)(B)]ClO₄ (1-4), where HL¹ is 4-(((2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethyl)imino)methyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol (in 1 and 2), HL² is 2-(((2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethyl)imino)methyl)phenol (in 3, 4), B is 11-(9-acridinyl)dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine (acdppz in 1 and 3), dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine (in 2) and 1,10-phenanthroline (in 4), were synthesized, characterized and their photocytotoxicity in visible light, intracellular localization, cellular uptake and DNA photocleavage activity were studied. Complex 4 was characterized by X-ray crystallog. Complexes 1 and 3 having acdppz as photosensitizer showed significant photocytotoxicity in visible light in HeLa and MCF7 cells giving IC₅₀ value of <0.6 μM, while being relatively nontoxic in dark. The complexes were nontoxic to nontumorigenic HPL1D cells both in light and dark conditions. Complex 1 showed significant localization in the cytoplasm of HeLa cells within 4 h of treatment, as evidenced from confocal microscopy. DCFDA assay on 1 suggested generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species in HeLa cells upon photo-exposure. Importantly, Annexin-V-FITC/PI assay indicated photo-induced apoptotic cell death. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Formula: C8H10ClNO3).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Formula: C8H10ClNO3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Discovery and Biochemical Characterization of N-methyltransferase Genes Involved in Purine Alkaloid Biosynthetic Pathway of Camellia gymnogyna Hung T.Chang (Theaceae) from Dayao Mountain was written by Zhou, Meng-zhen;O’Neill Rothenberg, Dylan;Zeng, Wen;Luo, Li;Yan, Chang-yu;Zeng, Zhen;Huang, Ya-hui. And the article was included in Phytochemistry (Elsevier) in 2022.Recommanded Product: 367-93-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In the present study, purine alkaloid anal. and transcriptome of Camellia gymnogyna Hung T. Chang (Theaceae) from Dayao Mountain were performed by high-performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) and RNA-Seq, resp. The results showed that the major purine alkaloids accumulated in Camellia gymnogyna Hung T. Chang (Theaceae) were theobromine together with a small amount of theacrine and caffeine. Through polymerase chain reaction (PCR), three types of cDNA encoding N-methyltransferases were isolated from the leaves of Camellia gymnogyna Hung T. Chang (Theaceae) and designated GCS1, GCS2, and GCS3. We subsequently expressed GCS1, GCS2, and GCS3 in Escherichia coli and incubated lysates of the bacterial cells with a variety of xanthine substrates in the presence of S-adenosyl-L-methionine as the Me donor. We found that the recombinant GCS1 proteins catalyzed 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid to produce theacrine, the recombinant GCS3 proteins catalyzed 7-methylxanthine to produce theobromine, while the recombinant GCS2 proteins did not catalyze any xanthine derivatives Simultaneous anal. of the expressions of GCS1, GCS2, GCS3, and a caffeine synthase gene (TCS1) in Camellia gymnogyna Hung T. Chang (Theaceae) and other tea plants provided a reference for further research on the functions of these genes. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Recommanded Product: 367-93-1).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: 367-93-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ruthenium(II) carbonyl complexes containing pyridoxal thiosemicarbazone and trans-bis(triphenylphosphine/arsine): Synthesis, structure and their recyclable catalysis of nitriles to amides and synthesis of imidazolines was written by Manikandan, Rajendran;Anitha, Panneerselvam;Prakash, Govindan;Vijayan, Paranthaman;Viswanathamurthi, Periasamy;Butcher, Ray Jay;Malecki, Jan Grzegorz. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical in 2015.Computed Properties of C8H10ClNO3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Pyridoxal N(4)-substituted thiosemicarbazone hydrochloride ligands (L^1-3) were synthesized and reacted with the ruthenium(II) starting complexes [RuHCl(CO)(EPh₃)₃] (E = P or As). The resulting complexes [Ru(CO)(L^1-3)(EPh₃)₂] were characterized by elemental analyses and spectroscopic techniques. The mol. structure of complex [Ru(CO)(L²)(AsPh₃)₂] was identified by means of single crystal X-ray diffraction anal. The catalytic activity of the new complexes was evaluated for the selective hydration of nitriles to primary amides and also the condensation of nitriles with ethylenediamine under solvent free conditions. The processes were operative with aromatic, heteroaromatic and aliphatic nitriles, and tolerated several substitutional groups. The studies on the effect of substitution over thiosemicarbazone, reaction time, temperature, solvent and catalyst loading were carried out in order to find the best catalyst in this series of complexes and favorable reaction conditions. A probable mechanism for both the catalytic reactions of nitrile has also been proposed. The catalyst was recovered and recycled in the hydration of nitriles for five times without any significant loss of its activity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Computed Properties of C8H10ClNO3).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Computed Properties of C8H10ClNO3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Exploratory metabolomic study to identify blood-based biomarkers as a potential screen for colorectal cancer was written by Asante, Isaac;Pei, Hua;Zhou, Eugene;Liu, Siyu;Chui, Darryl;Yoo, EunJeong;Conti, David V.;Louie, Stan G.. And the article was included in Molecular Omics in 2019.Name: 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Introduction: colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be difficult to diagnose due to the lack of reliable and predictive biomarkers. Objective: to identify blood-based biomarkers that can be used to distinguish CRC cases from controls. Methods: a workflow for untargeted followed by targeted metabolic profiling was conducted on the plasma samples of 26 CRC cases and ten healthy volunteers (controls) using liquid chromatog.-mass spectrometry (LCMS). The data acquired in the untargeted scan was processed and analyzed using MarkerView software. The significantly different ions that distinguish CRC cases from the controls were identified using a mass-based human metabolome search. The result was further used to inform the targeted scan workflow. Results: the untargeted scan yielded putative biomarkers some of which were related to the folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism (FOCM). Anal. of the targeted scan found the plasma levels of nine FOCM metabolites to be significantly different between cases and controls. The classification models of the cases and controls, in both the targeted and untargeted approaches, each yielded a 97.2% success rate after cross-validation. Conclusion: we have identified plasma metabolites with screening potential to discriminate between CRC cases and controls. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Name: 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Name: 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tumor suppressor p53 promotes ferroptosis in oxidative stress conditions independent of modulation of ferroptosis by p21, CDKs, RB, and E2F was written by Kuganesan, Nishanth;Dlamini, Samkeliso;Tillekeratne, L. M. Viranga;Taylor, William R.. And the article was included in Journal of Biological Chemistry in 2021.Computed Properties of C9H18O5S The following contents are mentioned in the article:

P53 is a well-established critical cell cycle regulator. By inducing transcription of the gene encoding p21, p53 inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-mediated phosphorylation of cell cycle inhibitor retinoblastoma (RB) proteins. Phosphorylation of RB releases E2F transcription factor proteins that transactivate cell cycle-promoting genes. Here, we sought to uncover the contribution of p53, p21, CDK, RB, and E2F to the regulation of ferroptosis, an oxidative form of cell death. Our studies have uncovered unexpected complexity in this regulation. First, we showed that elevated levels of p53 enhance ferroptosis in multiple inducible and isogenic systems. On the other hand, we found that p21 suppresses ferroptosis. Elevation of CDK activity also suppressed ferroptosis under conditions where p21 suppressed ferroptosis, suggesting that the impact of p21 must extend beyond CDK inhibition. Furthermore, we showed that overexpression of E2F suppresses ferroptosis in part via a p21-dependent mechanism, consistent with reports that this transcription factor can induce transcription of p21. Finally, deletion of RB genes enhanced ferroptosis. Taken together, these results show that signals affecting ferroptotic sensitivity emanate from multiple points within the p53 tumor suppressor pathway. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Computed Properties of C9H18O5S).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Computed Properties of C9H18O5S

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

High throughput screening of bisphenols and their mixtures under conditions of low-intensity adipogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) was written by Norgren, Kalle;Tuck, Astrud;Vieira Silva, Antero;Burkhardt, Paula;Oeberg, Mattias;Munic Kos, Vesna. And the article was included in Food and Chemical Toxicology in 2022.Synthetic Route of C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In vitro models of adipogenesis are phenotypic assays that most closely mimic the increase of adipose tissue in obesity. Current models, however, often lack throughput and sensitivity and even report conflicting data regarding adipogenic potencies of many chems. Here, we describe a ten-day long adipogenesis model using high content anal. readouts for adipocyte number, size, and lipid content on primary human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) sensitive enough to compare bisphenol A derivatives quant. in a robust and high throughput manner. The number of adipocytes was the most sensitive endpoint capable of detecting changes of 20% and was used to develop a benchmark concentration model (BMC) to quant. compare eight bisphenols (tested at 0.1-100μM). The model was applied to evaluate mixtures of bisphenols obtaining the first exptl. evidence of their additive effect on human MSC adipogenesis. Using the relative potency factors (RPFs), we show how a mixture of bisphenols at their sub-active concentrations induces a significant adipogenic effect due to its additive nature. The final active concentrations of bisphenols in tested mixtures reached below 1μM, which is within the concentration range observed in humans. These results point to the need to consider the toxicity of chem. mixtures This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Synthetic Route of C13H12O2).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Synthetic Route of C13H12O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Structural characterization and thermal behaviour of some azomethine compounds derived from pyridoxal and 4-aminoantipyrine was written by Mezey, Reka-Stefana;Zaharescu, Traian;Lungulescu, Marius Eduard;Marinescu, Virgil;Shova, Sergiu;Rosu, Tudor. And the article was included in Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry in 2016.Formula: C8H10ClNO3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Eight azomethine-type compounds derived from pyridoxal (3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridine-4-carbaldehyde) and 4-aminoantipyrine, resp., were prepared and thoroughly characterized from structural and thermal perspective. The structures of the compounds were studied based on IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The formation of the azomethine derivatives was confirmed by the occurrence of signals typical for the imine bond. Pyrazolone derivatives feature a high crystallinity, and their structures were resolved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The thermal behavior of all the compounds were studied by non-isothermal chemiluminescence in static air atm. at different heating rates. The pattern of the oxidation process was described. Moreover, thermo-gravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry experiments were conducted in order to assess the thermal oxidation stability. The onset oxidation temperatures showed a high thermal stability for all the tested azomethine compounds The crystallinity degree was comparatively evaluated on the basis of melting enthalpy values and discussed in connection with the mol. structure. Pyrazolone derivatives showed the higher thermal stability and crystallinity degree. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Formula: C8H10ClNO3).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Formula: C8H10ClNO3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis and Evaluation of Pyridoxal Hydrazone and Acylhydrazone Compounds as Potential Angiogenesis Inhibitors was written by Chen, Xuyang;Li, Hui;Luo, Hongjun;Lin, Zhexuan;Luo, Wenhong. And the article was included in Pharmacology in 2019.HPLC of Formula: 65-22-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Here, we synthesized 12 pyridoxal hydrazone and acylhydrazone compounds and investigated their antiangiogenic effects and the underlying mechanisms. Method: 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used to screen the inhibitory effects of the synthesized compounds on endothelial cells (ECs) proliferation. The compound with best inhibitory effect was further evaluated with wound-healing assay and tube formation assay. Calcein-Am assay was carried out to determine the content of intracellular labile iron pool (LIP). Intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) was determined by spectrophotometry. Flow cytometry was used to determine cell cycle and apoptosis. Results: Compound 10 (3-hydroxy-5-[hydroxymethyl]-2-methyl-pyridine-4-carbaldehyde-2-naphthalen-1-acetyl hydrazone) showed the best inhibitory effect on human umbilical vascular ECs proliferation, with IC50 value of 25.4 umol/L. It not only inhibited wound-healing and tube formation of ECs, but also decreased the content of intracellular LIP and GSH. Furthermore, it arrested ECs cycle at S phase and induced cell apoptosis. Conclusions: Compound 10 exhibits antiangiogenic effects by reducing the content of intracellular LIP and GSH, and subsequently arresting cell cycle and inducing cell apoptosis. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5HPLC of Formula: 65-22-5).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.HPLC of Formula: 65-22-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts