Tag: 200-300

Subunits E-F-G of E. coli Complex I can form an active complex when expressed alone, but in time-delayed assembly co-expression of B-CD-E-F-G is optimal was written by Alkhaldi, Hind A.;Vik, Steven B.. And the article was included in Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Bioenergetics in 2022.SDS of cas: 367-93-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Respiratory Complex I from E. coli is a proto-type of the mitochondrial enzyme, consisting of a 6-subunit peripheral arm (B-CD-E-F-G-I) and a 7-subunit membrane arm. When subunits E-F-G (N-module), were expressed alone they formed an active complex as determined by co-immunoprecipitation and native gel electrophoresis. When co-expressed with subunits B and CD, only a complex of E-F-G was found. When these five subunits were co-expressed with subunit I and two membrane subunits, A and H, a complex of B-CD-E-F-G-I was membrane-bound, constituting the N- and Q-modules. Assembly of Complex I was also followed by splitting the genes between two plasmids, in three different groupings, and expressing them simultaneously, or with time-delay of expression from one plasmid. When the B-CD-E-F-G genes were co-expressed after a time-delay, assembly was over 90% of that when the whole operon was expressed together. In summary, E-F-G was the only soluble subcomplex detected in these studies, but assembly was not optimal when these subunits were expressed either first or last. Co-expression of subunits B and CD with E-F-G provided a higher level of assembly, indicating that integrated assembly of N- and Q-modules provides a more efficient pathway. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1SDS of cas: 367-93-1).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.SDS of cas: 367-93-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Regulation of β-Disaccharide Accumulation by β-Glucosidase Inhibitors to Enhance Cellulase Production in Trichoderma reesei was written by Long, Tingting;Zhang, Peng;Yu, Jingze;Gao, Yushan;Ran, Xiaoqin;Li, Yonghao. And the article was included in Fermentation in 2022.Product Details of 367-93-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Trichoderma reesei is a high-yield producer of cellulase for applications in lignocellulosic biomass conversion, but its cellulase production requires induction. A mixture of glucose and β-disaccharide has been demonstrated to achieve high-level cellulase production However, as inducers, β-disaccharides are prone to be hydrolyzed by β-glucosidase (BGL) during fermentation, therefore β-disaccharides need to be supplemented through feeding to overcome this problem. Here, miglitol, an β-glucosidase inhibitor, was investigated as a BGL inhibitor, and exhibited an IC₅₀ value of 2.93μg/mL. The cellulase titer was more than two-fold when miglitol was added to the fermentation medium of T. reesei. This method was similar to the prokaryotic expression system using unmetabolized isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) as the inducer instead of lactose to continuously induce gene expression. However, cellulase activity was not enhanced with BGL inhibition when lactose or cellulose was used as an inducer, which demonstrated that the transglycosidase activity of BGL is important for the inducible activity of lactose and cellulose. This novel method demonstrates potential in stimulating cellulase production and provides a promising system for T. reesei protein expression. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Product Details of 367-93-1).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Product Details of 367-93-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A protein-free chemically defined medium for the cultivation of various micro-organisms with food safety significance was written by Wang, D.;Greenwood, P.;Klein, M. S.. And the article was included in Journal of Applied Microbiology in 2021.Recommanded Product: 65-22-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

To develop a broadly applicable medium free of proteins with well-defined and reproducible chem. composition for the cultivation of various micro-organisms with food safety significance. The defined medium was designed as a buffered minimal salt medium supplemented with amino acids, vitamins, trace metals and other nutrients. Various strains commonly used for food safety research were selected to test the new defined medium. We investigated single growth factors needed by different strains and the growth performance of each strain cultivated in the defined medium. Results showed that the tested strains initially grew slower in the defined medium compared to tryptic soy broth, but after an overnight incubation cultures from the defined medium reached adequately high cell densities. The newly designed defined medium can be widely applied in food safety studies that require media with well-defined chem. constituents. Significance and Impact of the Study : Defined media are important in studies of microbial metabolites and physiol. properties. A defined medium capable of cultivating different strains simultaneously is needed in the food safety area. The new defined medium has broader applications in comparing different strains directly and provides more reproducible results. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Recommanded Product: 65-22-5).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: 65-22-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis, characterization, DFT and antibacterial studies of a novel vitamin B6 Schiff base and its Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes was written by Omidinia, Raheleh;Ali Beyramabadi, S.;Allameh, Sadegh;Morsali, Ali;Pordel, Mehdi. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 65-22-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this project, condensation reaction of the pyridoxal and 3,4-diaminopyridine resulted in a novel pyridoxal Schiff base (H₂L). Synthesis and characterization by several exptl. methods have been reported for the H₂L species as well as its Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes. Structural parameters, tautomerism, spectral properties and frontier orbitals of three synthesized compounds have been explored by using the d. functional theory (DFT) approaches. In the square geometries for both of the complexes, the dianionic form of the Schiff base, L^2- species, acts as a tetradentate ligand, coordinates to the Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ metal ions via two azomethine nitrogens and two phenolate oxygens. Good agreement between the exptl. values and DFT-predicted IR wavenumbers and NMR chem. shifts demonstrated validity of the optimized geometries for the studied species. Also, the Atoms In Mols. (AIM) anal. was employed to characterize bonding interactions. Use of two choline chloride based eutectic solvents, as green and environmentally friendly media, resulted in high yield synthesis of the investigated species in three cycles. In addition, among the synthesized compounds, the H₂L Schiff base shows great antibacterial activities. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5HPLC of Formula: 65-22-5).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.HPLC of Formula: 65-22-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Functional characterization of complement factor H in host defense against bacterial pathogen in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was written by Wei, Xiayi;Wu, Zhelin;Zhang, Tingyun;Lei, Yang;Chen, Meng;Yang, Yanjian;Gao, Along;Guo, Zheng;Ye, Jianmin. And the article was included in Fish & Shellfish Immunology in 2022.Safety of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Complement factor H (CFH), a multifunctional soluble complement regulatory protein, can bind to a variety of pathogens and play a crucial role in host innate immune defense. To explore the functional characteristics of CFH (OnCFH) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), we cloned and characterized the open reading frame (ORF) of OnCFH in this study. The full-length of OnCFH ORF is 1359 bp, encoding 452 aa for a 48.85 kDa peptide, and its predicted structure containing six short complement-like repeats (SCRs). The anal. of tissue distribution showed that OnCFH was constitutively expressed in all tested tissues, with the highest in the liver. Upon Streptococcus agalactiae and Aeromonas hydrophila stimuli in vivo and in vitro, OnCFH mRNA transcript was significantly upregulated in head kidney tissue as well as head kidney monocytes/macrophages. Further, the recombinant OnCFH protein ((r)OnCFH) could bind to pathogenic bacteria in a dose-dependent. Moreover, it got involved in the regulation of inflammation as well as phagocytosis of monocytes/macrophages. The knockdown of OnCFH remarkably decreased the amount of bacteria in the head kidney. In summary, our data demonstrated that OnCFH could participate in the immune response of Nile tilapia against bacterial infection. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Safety of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Safety of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of symmetric N,O-donor ligands derived from pyridoxal (vitamin B6): DFT studies and structural features of their binuclear chelate complexes with the oxofilic uranyl and vanadyl(V) cations was written by Back, Davi Fernando;Manzoni de Oliveira, Gelson;Roman, Daiane;Ballin, Marco Aurelio;Kober, Roger;Piquini, Paulo Cesar. And the article was included in Inorganica Chimica Acta in 2014.Name: 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The synthesis and the structural characterization of sym. dimers containing uranium and vanadium atoms provide an outstanding opportunity for the study of hydrogen bonding in supramol. architectures and unusual interactions. On the search of ligands able to coordinate itself to two metal ions simultaneously, the authors synthesized the Schiff bases bis((3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl)methylene) oxalohydrazide (H₆Pyr₂oxdihyd, 3) and bis((3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl)methylene) succinohydrazide (H₁₀pyr₂sucdihyd, 4), efficient sym. ligands with an inversion center, obtained through the reaction of pyridoxine/pyridoxal hydrochloride with oxalyl dihydrazide and succinic dihydrazide. The prepared complexes are [(UO₂)₂(H₆pyr₂oxdihyd-4H⁺)(DMSO)₄] (1) and [(VO)₂(H₁₀pyr₂sucdihyd-4H⁺)(MeO)₂] (2). Their reactions and the products obtained with the oxofilic uranyl(VI) and vanadyl(V) cations are discussed, as well as computational methods were used as complementary tools in the study of intra and intermol. bonds. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Name: 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Name: 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Pseudomonas putida Biofilm Depends on the vWFa-Domain of LapA in Peptides-Containing Growth Medium was written by Puhm, Marge;Hendrikson, Johanna;Kivisaar, Maia;Teras, Riho. And the article was included in International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2022.Synthetic Route of C9H18O5S The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The biofilm of Pseudomonas putida is complexly regulated by several intercellular and extracellular factors. The cell surface adhesin LapA of this bacterium is a central factor for the biofilm and, consequently, the regulation of lapA expression, for example, by Fis. It has been recently shown that peptides in growth media enhance the formation of P. putida biofilm, but not as a source of carbon and nitrogen. Moreover, the peptide-dependent biofilm appeared especially clearly in the fis-overexpression strain, which also has increased LapA. Therefore, we investigate here whether there is a relationship between LapA and peptide-dependent biofilm. The P. putida strains with inducible lapA expression and LapA without the vWFa domain, which is described as a domain similar to von Willebrand factor domain A, were constructed. Thereafter, the biofilm of these strains was assessed in growth media containing extracellular peptides in the shape of tryptone and without it. We show that the vWFa domain in LapA is necessary for biofilm enhancement by the extracellular peptides in the growth medium. The importance of vWFa in LapA was particularly evident for the fis-overexpression strain F15. The absence of the vWFa domain diminished the pos. effect of Fis on the F15 biofilm. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Synthetic Route of C9H18O5S).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Synthetic Route of C9H18O5S

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects of soil salinity on nutritional compositions of fresh Jak (Nypa fruticans) sap was written by Saelee, Nisa. And the article was included in Journal of Food Composition and Analysis in 2022.Product Details of 65-22-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The nutritional compositions of fresh Jak (Nypa fruticans) sap grown in mangrove environments with varying soil salinities were examined between sap from non saline (ECe < 2 dS/m), moderately saline (ECe = 4-8 dS/m), and saline soil (ECe = 8-16 dS/m). In saline sites, sap significantly (p < 0.05) increased in total soluble solids and sugar concentration The total amino acid in the saline site was higher than in the other sites. The fresh Jak sap was rich in functional nutrients such as sugars (sucrose, glucose, fructose, starchyose, galactose, arabinose, maltose), organic acids (niacin, succinic, tartaric, malic, citric, lactic, acetic acids), minerals (P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, B), essential amino acids (arginine, lysine, valine, histidine, threonine), seven non-essential amino acids (i.e. glutamic acid) and vitamins (B1, B3, B6, B12, E). Furthermore, potassium was significantly increased in salinity soil, and the decrease in potassium was associated with the increase in sodium. Fresh Jak sap from all salinity soils was shown to be an excellent source of several nutritional elements in this investigation. However, it appeared that Jak sap from the non saline site would be the best choice for use in the development of healthy food products. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Product Details of 65-22-5).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Product Details of 65-22-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Xylooligosaccharide Production from Sugarcane Bagasse using Recombinant Endoxylanase of Bacillus Halodurans was written by Tseng, Ying-Hsuan;Lee, Wen-Chien;Krisomdee, Kridsana;Natesuntorn, Waranya;Chatsurachai, Sunisa;Sriroth, Klanarong. And the article was included in Sugar Tech in 2022.Product Details of 367-93-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Xylooligosaccharides (XOSs) can be manufactured from sugarcane bagasse as a value-added product in the sugar industry. To produce XOS, xylan was extracted from sugarcane bagasse by using sodium hydroxide, precipitated in ethanol, and subjected to enzymic hydrolysis by using endoxylanase to form xylooligomers. We constructed a recombinant strain of Escherichia coli harbouring the recombinant plasmid containing a gene encoding endoxylanase modified from GH10 xylanase of alkaliphilic Bacillus halodurans BCRC 910,501. Results from the flask culture showed that in terms of activity, 80.43 ± 6.36% of recombinant proteins were secreted to the medium under the induction of 0.1 mM iso-Pr β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) for 18 h at 30°C. The activity concentration in the medium was 20.04 ± 4.11 U/mL. When this strain was fed-batch cultivated to high cell d. in a bench-top fermenter, 89.13 ± 0.66% of the recombinant enzymes were found in the medium, and the active protein concentration was 45.9 ± 7.32 U/mL. Thus, the recombinant E. coli has the potential for large-scale production of endoxylanase. A 24-h enzyme reaction yielded 44.91% (weight/weight) of XOS from xylan. Among the total soluble oligomers in the product, 40.6% (weight/weight) were xylobiose and xylotriose. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Product Details of 367-93-1).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Product Details of 367-93-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Direct capture and selective elution of a secreted polyglutamate-tagged nanobody using bare magnetic nanoparticles was written by Zanker, Alexander A.;Stargardt, Patrick;Kurzbach, Sophie C.;Turrina, Chiara;Mairhofer, Juergen;Schwaminger, Sebastian P.;Berensmeier, Sonja. And the article was included in Biotechnology Journal in 2022.Related Products of 367-93-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The secretion and direct capture of proteins from the extracellular medium is a promising approach for purification, thus enabling integrated bioprocesses. We demonstrate the secretion of a nanobody (VHH) to the extracellular medium (EM) and its direct capture by bare, non-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). An ompA signal peptide for periplasmic localization, a polyglutamate-tag (E8) for selective MNP binding, and a factor Xa protease cleavage site were fused N-terminally to the nanobody. The extracellular production of the E8-VHH (36 mg L-1) was enabled using a growth-decoupled Escherichia coli-based expression system. The direct binding of E8-VHH to the bare magnetic nanoparticles was possible and could be drastically improved up to a yield of 88% by adding polyethylene glycol (PEG). The selectivity of the polyglutamate-tag enabled a selective elution of the E8-VHH from the bare MNPs while raising the concentration factor (5x) and purification factor (4x) significantly. Our studies clearly show that the unique combination of a growth-decoupled E. coli secretion system, the polyglutamate affinity tag, non-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles, and affinity magnetic precipitation is an innovative and novel way to capture and concentrate nanobodies. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Related Products of 367-93-1).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Related Products of 367-93-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts