Tag: 200-300

A multifunctional system for genome editing and large-scale interspecies gene transfer was written by Teufel, Marc;Klein, Carlo A.;Mager, Maurice;Sobetzko, Patrick. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2022.Recommanded Product: 367-93-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

CRISPR SWAPnDROP extends the limits of genome editing to large-scale in-vivo DNA transfer between bacterial species. Its modular platform approach facilitates species specific adaptation to confer genome editing in various species. In this study, we show the implementation of the CRISPR SWAPnDROP concept for the model organism Escherichia coli, the fast growing Vibrio natriegens and the plant pathogen Dickeya dadantii. We demonstrate the excision, transfer and integration of large chromosomal regions between E. coli, V. natriegens and D. dadantii without size-limiting intermediate DNA extraction CRISPR SWAPnDROP also provides common genome editing approaches comprising scarless, marker-free, iterative and parallel insertions and deletions. The modular character facilitates DNA library applications, and recycling of standardized parts. Its multi-color scarless co-selection system significantly improves editing efficiency and provides visual quality controls throughout the assembly and editing process. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Recommanded Product: 367-93-1).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Recommanded Product: 367-93-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A novel polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-based hybrid monolith as a sorbent for on-line in-tube solid phase microextraction of bisphenols in milk prior to high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection analysis was written by Liu, Jie;Liu, Qian;Wei, Liulin;Chen, Xiaomei;Li, Zhiqiang;Xu, Yidong;Gao, Xueyun;Lu, Xiaoxiao;Zhao, Jingchan. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Product Details of 620-92-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

An online in-tube solid-phase microextraction (in-tube SPME) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) method was proposed based on a novel polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-hybrid monolith for the determination of four bisphenols (BPs) in milk. The monolith was synthesized using acrylamide (AM) and monomethacrylate-functionalized POSS (mono-MA-POSS) as functional monomers to copolymerize with ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA). Due to the abundant hydrogen bonding, π-π and hydrophobic interaction sites, the synthetic monolith displayed satisfying extraction performance for target BPs. Under the optimized conditions, the developed online in-tube SPME-HPLC method exhibited low limits of detection (LODs) (0.030-0.055 ng mL^-1). The spiked recoveries were between 85.4 % and 111.8 %, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 3.5 % for all the analytes. The results showed that the proposed method provided alternative for the anal. of BPs in complex samples. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Product Details of 620-92-8).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Product Details of 620-92-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Banana-peel-derived magnetic porous carbon as effective adsorbent for the enrichment of six bisphenols from beverage and water samples was written by Liang, Ming;Hou, Xiangchang;Xian, Yanping;Wu, Yuluan;Hu, Junpeng;Chen, Rongqiao;Wang, Li;Huang, Yufeng;Zhang, Xiaoli. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Quality Control of 4,4′-Methylenediphenol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Functionalized magnetic nanoporous carbon derived from banana peel was synthesized through carbonization, porogenesis, carboxylation and magnetization using banana peel and was successfully used as a magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) material for the enrichment of six bisphenols (BPs) from beverage and water samples. After the optimization of MSPE process, the enrichment factors of six target analytes were in the range of 74-112 for water samples, and 15-22 for beverage samples. Then, high-performance liquid chromatog.-quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q Orbitrap-HRMS) was used for the separation and determination of the target analytes. Results showed that the extraction recoveries for 6 BPs were in the range of 71.9-108.4% with an RSD of 2.5-7.5% (n = 6). These results demonstrated that the as-prepared material could efficiently enrich some aromatic compounds and the proposed method is reliable and robust for the determination of BPs in water and beverage samples. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Quality Control of 4,4′-Methylenediphenol).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Quality Control of 4,4′-Methylenediphenol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Microplastics, bisphenols, phthalates and pesticides in odontocete species in the Macaronesian Region (Eastern North Atlantic) was written by Montoto-Martinez, Tania;De la Fuente, Jesus;Puig-Lozano, Raquel;Marques, Nuno;Arbelo, Manuel;Hernandez-Brito, Jose Joaquin;Fernandez, Antonio;Gelado-Caballero, Maria Dolores. And the article was included in Marine Pollution Bulletin in 2021.Reference of 620-92-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The gastrointestinal contents of twelve individuals from six odontocete species that stranded between 2018 and 2019 in the Macaronesian Region (Eastern North Atlantic) were examined for the presence of marine debris. In addition, concentrations of eleven organic persistent contaminants (nonylphenols, bisphenols, phthalates and pesticides) were analyzed in muscle samples by liquid chromatog. No particles larger than 5 mm were found, except for two plastic labels that were found on the same dolphin. On the contrary, all animals contained microplastics of diverse sizes, most of them being fibers (98.06%, n = 708). The predominant detected pollutants were bisphenols (4-984 ng/g) and DEHP (102-1533 ng/g). Also, except for two individuals, all animals had pesticide levels in their tissues. This work has allowed the establishment of a protocol for the study of microplastic ingestion in cetaceans, and tests the potential of microRaman to improve the understanding of microplastic alteration processes. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Reference of 620-92-8).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Reference of 620-92-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Intermittent induction of LEA peptide by lactose enhances the expression of insecticidal proteins in Bacillus thuringiensis was written by Akthar, Mahmuda;Shimokawa, Tomoko;Wu, Yinghan;Arita, Taichi;Mizuta, Kazuhiro;Isono, Yuria;Maeda, Minoru;Ikeno, Shinya. And the article was included in FEBS Open Bio in 2022.Recommanded Product: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Cry toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been extensively applied in agriculture to substitute the use of chem. insecticides. We have previously reported the use of a coexpression system in which late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) peptides under the control of the lac promoter increase the expression of insecticidal proteins in Bt. The use of lactose to induce the expression of LEA peptides may be a desirable alternative to iso-Pr β-D-thiogalactopyranoside, the most frequently used inducer for recombinant protein expression. In this study we investigated the use of lactose as an inducer for optimal protein expression. We observed enhanced insecticidal Cry protein expression by applying a simple technique based on intermittent induction, and then optimized concentration and the point of induction time from the 11^th h to the 15^th h. Our data suggest that intermittent induction of lactose might be a new technique for the enhancement of bacterial protein expression. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Recommanded Product: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Recommanded Product: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

One-pot synthesis, structural characterization, UV-Vis and electrochemical analyses of new Schiff base complexes of Fe(III), Ni(II) and Cu(II) was written by Back, Davi Fernando;Manzoni de Oliveira, Gelson;Fontana, Liniquer Andre;Ramao, Brenda Fiorin;Roman, Daiane;Iglesias, Bernardo Almeida. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2015.Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

[Ni(Pyr₂tetam-2H)]·2H₂O (1) (Pyr₂tetam = (pyridoxyl)₂-N¹,N⁴-triethylenetetramine), [Fe(Pyr₂tetam-2H)](ClO₄)·H₂O (2) and [Cu(Pyrtetam-H)](ClO₄) (3) (Pyrtetam = pyridoxyl-N¹-triethylenetetramine) were obtained through one pot reactions of triethylenetetramine, pyridoxal hydrochloride, triethylamine and the metal salts Ni(ClO₄)₂·6H₂O, Fe(ClO₄)₂·6H₂O and Cu(ClO₄)₂·6H₂O. In complexes 1 and 2 the metal centers present a distorted octahedral coordination, while complex 3 shows a square pyramidal configuration. The structures were characterized through x-ray diffractometry, IR and UV-visible spectra. Cyclic voltammograms of the title compounds are also presented and discussed. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Template synthesis and structure of Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) complexes with pyridoxilydenetaurinate Schiff base ligand was written by Guricova, Miroslava;Pizl, Martin;Smekal, Zdenek;Nadherny, Ladislav;Cejka, Jan;Eigner, Vaclav;Hoskovcova, Irena. And the article was included in Inorganica Chimica Acta in 2018.Application of 65-22-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) complexes with a Schiff base ligand pyridoxylidenetaurinate (L^–) were prepared by a template reaction of pyridoxal (3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridine-4-carbaldehyde), taurine (2-aminoethane-1-sulfonic acid), and the corresponding metal acetate in water-ethanholdol solution Composition of the product was [ML₂(H₂O)₂] for all three central metals. Coordination geometry varied from weakly distorted octahedral (Co, Ni) to strongly distorted octahedral (Cu) with trans arrangement of both water mols. and imine N atoms. Each bidentate ligand formed one chelate ring via imine N and phenolic O donor atoms. The complexes were characterized by elemental anal., FTIR spectroscopy, and XRD crystal and powder analyses. All complexes crystallize in monoclinic system with space group P2₁/c. IR spectra of the complexes showed changes typical for Schiff base coordination, comparing with IR spectrum of the ligand. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Application of 65-22-5).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Application of 65-22-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Engineering Escherichia coli for the High-Titer Biosynthesis of Lacto-N-tetraose was written by Hu, Miaomiao;Li, Mengli;Miao, Ming;Zhang, Tao. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2022.Safety of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), a member of the human milk oligosaccharides family, has received widespread attention because of its importance in infant health. We constructed a whole-cell biotransformation method in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) for high-titer LNT synthesis. The approach was performed by using a systematic design and metabolic engineering based on the metabolic pathway of LNT. The lgtA (encoding β-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase) and wbgO (encoding β-1,3-galactosyltransferase) genes were introduced into the engineered E. coli BL21(DE3) to construct an LNT-producing starting strain B1 (0.22 g/L). Then, the genes related to the LNT metabolic pathway were screened in two vectors to evaluate LNT synthesis. The lgtA-wbgO and galE-galT-galK genes were overexpressed through the two-plasmid system in E. coli BL21(DE3). The titer of LNT (3.42 g/L) had a gain of 14.55 times compared with that of B1. Furthermore, the ugd gene, which was associated with the UDP-Gal bypass pathway, was inactivated to further improve LNT production in shake-flask cultivation (4.14 g/L). The final fed-batch cultivation of the engineered strain produced 31.56 g/L of LNT. This study provided a strategy for the effective production of LNT in E. coli. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Safety of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Safety of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bisphenols induce human genomic damage and modulate HERVs /env expression was written by Ruberto, Stefano;Santovito, Alfredo;Simula, Elena R.;Noli, Marta;Manca, Maria A.;Sechi, Leonardo A.. And the article was included in Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis in 2022.Recommanded Product: 620-92-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Bisphenol A (BPA), a recognized endocrine-disrupting chem., is used in the production of epoxy and polycarbonate resins. Since human exposure to BPA has been associated with increased cancer susceptibility, the market has shifted to products often labeled as “BPA free” containing BPA analogs such as bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS). However, the European legislation on BPF and BPS is still unclear. This study analyzed the effects of BPA, BPF, and BPS exposure on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by using in vitro micronucleus assay. Furthermore, it investigated the impact of bisphenols exposure on human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) expression, which is implicated with the pathogenesis of several human diseases. The micronucleus assay revealed a significant genotoxic effect in peripheral blood cells after exposure to BPA and BPF at concentrations of 0.1, 0.05, and 0.025μg/mL, and to BPS at 0.1 and 0.05μg/mL. In addition, BPA exposure seems to upregulate the expression of HERVs, while a downregulation was observed after BPF and BPS treatments. Overall, our data showed the toxic effect of BPA and its analogs on circulating cells in the blood and demonstrated that they could modulate the HERVs expression. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Recommanded Product: 620-92-8).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Recommanded Product: 620-92-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Engineering Citrobacter freundii using CRISPR/Cas9 system was written by Alfaro, Trinidad;Elmore, Joshua R.;Stromberg, Zachary R.;Hutchison, Janine R.;Hess, Becky M.. And the article was included in Journal of Microbiological Methods in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 367-93-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated proteins) system is a useful tool to edit genomes quickly and efficiently. However, the use of CRISPR/Cas9 to edit bacterial genomes has been limited to select microbial chassis primarily used for bioprodn. of high value products. Thus, expansion of CRISPR/Cas9 tools to other microbial organisms is needed. Here, our aim was to assess the suitability of CRISPR/Cas9 for genome editing of the Citrobacter freundii type strain ATCC 8090. We evaluated the commonly used two plasmid pCas/pTargetF system to enable gene deletions and insertions in C. freundii and determined editing efficiency. The CRISPR/Cas9 based method enabled high editing efficiency (∼91%) for deletion of galactokinase (galk) and enabled deletion with various single guide RNA (sgRNA) sequences. To assess the ability of CRISPR/Cas9 tools to insert genes, we used the fluorescent reporter mNeonGreen, an endopeptidase (yebA), and a transcriptional regulator (xylS) and found successful insertion with high efficiency (81-100%) of each gene individually. These results strengthen and expand the use of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to C. freundii as an addnl. microbial chassis. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1HPLC of Formula: 367-93-1).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 367-93-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts